Science Olympiad Division A Sky Quest – Flashcards

An eclipse where the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon and it is a full Moon (the moon is covered, has a shadow of dark red cast on it, or slightly dimmed)

Occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow over part of Earth

the regular rise and fall of the ocean's surface influenced by the moon's gravity pulling on earth

(astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

new, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full, waning gibbous, third quarter, and waning crescent

core, radiation layer, convection layer, photosphere, chromosphere, corona, solar flares, and sunspots

A spinning motion of a planet about its axis.

Traveling around another object on a set path or orbit.

_______ are caused by the tilt of Earth on its axis as it revolves around the Sun

The Earth rotates on its axis causing _____________

_______ is the smallest and closest to the Sun of the eight planets in the Solar System, with an orbital period of about 88 Earth days. Because it has almost no atmosphere to retain heat, _______'s surface experiences the greatest temperature variation of all the planets. _______'s surface is heavily cratered and similar in appearance to the Moon, indicating that it has been geologically inactive for billions of years.

_____ is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. It has no natural satellite. It is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty. _____ is a terrestrial planet and is sometimes called Earth's "sister planet" because of their similar size, gravity, and bulk composition.

_____ is the third planet from the Sun. It is the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets. It is sometimes referred to as the world or the Blue Planet. _____ gravitationally interacts with other objects in space, especially the Sun and the Moon.

____ is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second smallest planet in the Solar System, after Mercury. Named after the Roman god of war, it is often described as the "Red Planet" because the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance. ____ is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the volcanoes, valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.

_______ is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest planet in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with mass one-thousandth of that of the Sun but is two and a half times the mass of all the other planets in the Solar System combined. _______ is primarily composed of hydrogen with a quarter of its mass being helium, although helium only comprises about a tenth of the number of molecules.

______ is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest planet in the Solar System, after Jupiter. Named after the Roman god of agriculture, its astronomical symbol (♄) represents the god's sickle. ______'s interior is probably composed of a core of iron, nickel and rock (silicon and oxygen compounds), surrounded by a deep layer of metallic hydrogen, an intermediate layer of liquid hydrogen and liquid helium and an outer gaseous layer

______ is the seventh planet from the Sun. It has the third-largest planetary radius and fourth-largest planetary mass in the Solar System. ______'s atmosphere, although similar to Jupiter's and Saturn's in its primary composition of hydrogen and helium, contains more "ices" such as water, ammonia, and methane, along with traces of hydrocarbons.

_______ is the eighth and farthest planet from the Sun in the Solar System. It is the fourth-largest planet by diameter and the third-largest by mass. Among the gaseous planets in the solar system, _______ is the most dense. _______ is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus. Named after the Roman god of the sea, its astronomical symbol is ♆, a stylized version of the god _______'s trident.