6th grade Geology Test – Flashcards
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What is label A?
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Crust
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What is label B?
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mantle
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What is label C?
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outer core
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What is label D?
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inner core
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layer of rock that forms the Earth's outer skin
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crust
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the force of pushing on a surface or area
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pressure
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a break or crack in the Earth's crust
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fault
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forces that shape the Earth's surface by building up landmasses
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constructive force
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crust under the ocean
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oceanic crust
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a layer of hot rock underneath the Earth's crust
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mantle
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forces that slowly wear away landmasses
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destructive force
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Who studied the mid-ocean ridge using sonar waves & was in the Navy?
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Harry Hess
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Who came up with the theory of Plate Tectonics?
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J.T. Wilson
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Who came up with the idea of continental drift?
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Alfred Wegener
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Who came up with the idea of sea floor spreading?
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Harry Hess
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Who figured out that Earth's plates moved?
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J.T. Wilson
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Who came up with the name Pangaea?
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Alfred Wegener
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What is the heat transfer by direct contact called? Example: hand on stove.
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conduction
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What is the heat transfer through empty space called? Example: sunlight
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radiation
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What is the heat transfer by movement of a heated fluid called? Example: heating up soup
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convection
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The theory that states that pieces of Earths' lithosphere are in constant, slow motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle.
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plate tectonics
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The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep sea trench and is recycled back into the mantle.
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subduction
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The process that continuously adds new material to the ocean floor.
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sea floor spreading
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The theory that states that Earth's continents have slowly moved over time to their current location.
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continental drift
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The name of a sleeping volcano
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dormant volcano
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The name of a dead volcano
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extinct volcano
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The name of an alive or awake volcano
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active volcano
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What do the plates float on?
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mantle
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Where is the oldest rock in relation to the mid-ocean ridge? (MOR)
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far away
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What happens when two plates slip past each other?
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earthquake
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What is it called when one plate is pushed under another plate?
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subduction
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What can form when two continental plates collide?
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mountains
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A process in which plates get recycled.
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subduction
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Pangaea is a part of this process.
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continental drift
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The name of a long chain of underwater mountains.
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mid-ocean ridge
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The place where subduction takes place.
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deep sea trench
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The name of a string of islands created by volcanoes like Japan or the Aleutians.
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island arc
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Shaking and trembling of rock beneath Earth's surface is a sign of a __________?
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earthquake
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The name of a bend in the rock that forms when compression shortens and thickens a part of the crust.
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fold
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A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume.
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stress
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What is number 9?
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ash cloud
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What is number 6?
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lava
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What is number 1?
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magma chamber
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What is number 3?
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pipe/conduit
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What is number 2?
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crust
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What is number 7?
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vent
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This type of fault is when plates are pulled apart.
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normal
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This is piecese of the lithosphere that are broken apart, but fit together and are constantly moving slowly.
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plates
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This is an example of a transform boundary.
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earthquake
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This type of fault is when plates are squeezed or pushed together.
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reverse fault
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This is the major volcanic belt along the rim of the Pacific Ocean.
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Ring of fire
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This is the super landmass that once locked all continents together.
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Pangea
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What is this a picture of?
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pangea
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What is the is the name of the location directly below box #1?
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epicenter
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What is the name of the location next to box #2?
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focus
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Molten material inside the Earth that creates rock
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magma
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This is a type of stress that is created in rocks when the crust is being pulled apart.
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tension
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recycles old crust
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deep sea trench
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change its size
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lithospheric plates
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An example of an island arc
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Japan
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The geologist who believed that Earth's continents were once joined together
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Wegener
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a feature that forms along a divergent boundary
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rift valley
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A place where 2 plates come together
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convergent boundary
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An example of convection
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Water heating up in kettle
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Vibrations that travel through Earth carrying energy released during an earthquake
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seismic waves
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The sea covered border that is the true edge of the continents
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continental shelf
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These move due to convection currents in the mantle.
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Lithospheric plates
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The layer of the mantle that is plastic, hot and bendable
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asthenosphere
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Which letter shows a convection current?
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c
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Which letter represents mid ocean ridge?
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b
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Where on the image would you find the oldest land
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b
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Where on the image would you find the youngest land?
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d
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The following picture is an example of what type of boundary?
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convergent boundary
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The following picture is an example of what type of boundary?
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divergent boundary
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This picture is an example of what type of boundary?
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transform boundary
