Helminths – Microbiology Answers – Flashcards
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| Ascaris lumbricoides ID methods |
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| egg in trichrome stain from stool sample |
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| Ascaris lumbricoides diagnosis |
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| egg is 55-40 uM, if fertilized it has a thick albumin coat, if non fertilized egg has a thin shell, worms are 10-30cm coming out of the anus |
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| Ascaris lumbricoides special characteristics |
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| most common in the world, looks like earth worm, nematode |
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| Enterobius vermicularis ID methods |
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| scotch tape prep to see eggs and larvae, worms can be seen in urine |
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| Enterobius vermicularis diagnosis |
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| egg has flattened side, 55-25 uM, worms are small |
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| Enterobius vermicularis special characteristics |
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| most common in US, pinworms, fecal/oral transmission, ingest the eggs they turn into larvae and then worms in intestine, females lay eggs outside the anus, nematode |
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| Trichuris trichiura ID methods |
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| egg in feces by trichrome |
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| Trichuris trichiura diagnosis |
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| 2 hyaline plugs on eggs, 15-25 uM |
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| Trichuris trichiura special characteristics |
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| whip worm, fecal oral route transmission, diarrhea, rectal prolapsed = heavy with infestation, seen in United States, nematode |
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| Ancyclostoma duodenale/Necator americanus ID methods |
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| trichrome stain with eggs in stool, serology |
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| Ancyclostoma duodenale/Necator americanus diagnosis |
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| transparent egg with colored insides |
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| Ancyclostoma duodenale/Necator americanus special characteristics |
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| hook worms, eggs look identical in both species, fecal cutaneous transmission; infected larvae can enter through skin, suckers attach to intestine, larvae are infective = filariform, non- infective = rhabidopform, nematode |
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| Strongyloides sterocoralis ID methods |
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| larvae in feces and sputum, direct prep with iodine |
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| Strongyloides sterocoralis diagnosis |
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| short buccal cavity, transparent worm |
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| Strongyloides sterocoralis special characteristics |
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| transmitted fecal cutaneous route, complete life cycle in intestine, nematode |
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| Trichinella spiralis ID methods |
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| tissue biopsy of muscle |
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| Trichinella spiralis diagnosis |
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| encysted in muscle tissue |
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| Trichinella spiralis special characteristics |
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| ingesting undercooked pork, achy, can get into heart and cause an MI, nematode |
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| Toxocara canes/cati and braziliense/caninum ID methods |
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| eggs seen in O&P, serology or tissue biopsy |
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| Toxocara canes/cati and braziliense/caninum diagnosis |
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| larvae migrate through tissue, nematode |
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| Toxocara canes/cati and braziliense/caninum special characteristics |
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| cat and dog feces, ingest eggs, visceral larval migrans and cutaneous larval migrans, nematode |
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| Wuchereria bancrofti ID methods |
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| Blood smears, thick and thin |
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| Wuchereria bancrofti diagnosis |
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| sheath +, nuclei not in tail |
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| Wuchereria bancrofti special characteristics |
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| mosquito vector, elephantitis, blocks lymphs = edema, treadlike filarial, nematode, micro-filarial |
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| Loa Loa ID methods |
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| Blood smears, thick and thin |
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| Loa Loa diagnosis |
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| sheath +, 200-300 uM, continuous nuclei in tail |
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| Loa Loa special characteristics |
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| fly bite, eye worm, nematode, micro-filarial |
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| Onchocerca volvulus ID methods |
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| Blood smears, thick and thin |
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| Onchocerca volvulus diagnosis |
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| sheath -, no terminal nuclei |
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| Onchocerca volvulus special characteristics |
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| river blindness, South America, fly cute, nematode, micro-filarial |
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| Brugia malayi/timori ID Methods |
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| Blood smears, thick and thin |
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| Brugia malayi/timori diagnosis |
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| sheath +, discontinuous nuclei, 2 nuclei in tail |
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| Brugia malayi/timori special characteristics |
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| mosquito, nematode, micro-filarial |
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| Taenia solium/saginata ID methods |
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| proglotids (segments) in stool or ID egg |
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| Taenia solium/saginata diagnosis |
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| radial striations around the egg, 35-45 uM |
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| Taenia solium/saginata special characteristics |
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| pork and beef tapeworm, embedded in nucleus, differentiate via uterine branches (T. saginata has more), ingest proglotids, ingest with India ink and count uterine branches, consume human good, 10 m long, Cestode |
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| Diphyllobothrium latum ID methods |
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| eggs in feces, proglotids in feces |
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| Diphyllobothrium latum diagnosis |
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| egg has operculum and knob at terminal end, small uterine branches, egg is 70-45uM |
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| Diphyllobothrium latum special characteristics |
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| undercooked fish, vitamin B12 deficiency, Cestode |
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| Hymenolepsis nana/ diminuta ID methods |
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| eggs in feces |
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| Hymenolepsis nana/ diminuta diagnosis |
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| colorless shell, 3 hooklets inside eggs, 50-30uM |
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| Hymenolepsis nana/ diminuta special characteristics |
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| dwarf, Cestode |
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| Echinococcus granulosus ID methods |
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| serology, biopsy cysts |
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| Echinococcus granulosus diagnosis |
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| 3 proglotids, larvae in tissue |
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| Echinococcus granulosus special characteristics |
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| hydatid cyst disease, dog feces, if cysts burst can cause anaphylactic shock, not in stool, Cestode |
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| Fasciolopsis buski ID methods |
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| egg in feces, trichrome, direct or concentrated |
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| Fasciolopsis buski diagnosis |
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| operculum on egg, 150-90 uM |
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| Fasciolopsis buski special characteristics |
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| fresh water plants contain larvae, intestinal biopsy for worm, Trematode |
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| Clonorchis sinensis ID methods |
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| egg in feces |
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| Clonorchis sinensis diagnosis |
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| small egg, operculum and knob, looks like a lemon |
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| Clonorchis sinensis special characteristics |
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| Chinese liver fluke from undercooked fish, snail vector, liver biopsy, Trematode |
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| Fasciola hepatica ID methods |
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| egg in feces |
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| Fasciola hepatica diagnosis |
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| operculum without knob |
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| Fasciola hepatica special characteristics |
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| liver fluke, water plants, liver biopsy, Trematode |
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| Paragonimus westermani ID methods |
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| egg in stool |
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| Paragonimus westermani diagnosis |
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| operculum, 85-55uM, thick posterior |
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| Paragonimus westermani special characteristics |
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| fresh water crabs, lung fluke, tropica climate, Trematode |
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| Schistosoma mansoni/japonicum/haematobium ID methods |
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| egg in stool |
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| Schistosoma mansoni/japonicum/haematobium diagnosis |
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| travel in pairs, S. mansoni egg has lateral spine, s. haematobium egg has terminal spine and s. japonicum has no spine, has knob and tiny lateral spine, Trematode |
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| Schistosoma mansoni/japonicum/haematobium special characteristics |
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| infected by cercaria invading skin, fecal cutaneous route, snail, fresh water, s. haematobium egg can be seen in urine |
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| anacyclostoma braziliense and caninum worm |
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| ascaris lumbricoides egg |
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| ascaris lumbricoides worm |
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| Clonorchis sinensis egg |
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| Clonorchis sinensis fluke |
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| Diphyllabothrium latum egg |
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| Diphyllabothrium latum worm |
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| Echinococcus granulosus Hydatid cysts |
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| Echinococcus granulosus worm |
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| Enterobuis vernicularis egg |
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| enterobuis vernicularis worm |
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| Fasciola Hepatica egg |
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| Fasciola hepatica fluke |
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| Fasciolopsis buski egg |
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| fasciolopsis buski fluke |
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| hook worm egg |
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| Hymenolepsis egg |
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| Hymenolepsis worm |
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| Loa Loa worm |
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| Necator americanis and anacyclostoma duodenale larvae |
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| Necator americanis and anacyclostoma duodenale worm |
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| oncherca volulus worm |
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| Paragonimus westermani egg |
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| Paragonimus westermani fluke |
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| Schitsoma cercaria |
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| Schitsoma egg |
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| Schitsoma worm |
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| Strongyloides sterocroalis egg |
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| strongyloides stercoralis worm |
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| T. saginata worm |
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| T. solium worm |
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| Taenia egg |
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| Taenia scolex |
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| Toxocara canis and cati egg |
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| Trichinella spiralis |
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| Trichuris trichiura egg |
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| trichuria trichiura worm |
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| Wuchereria bancrofti |
