Chapter 11 – Team Building – Flashcards
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Team building
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teams tend to be more successful or effective because when people know they are part of a team, they usually cooperate more fully -setting goals that are clear and specific but also challenging and worthwhile for each group member -determining roles of each member --if members are uncertain of their roles and there is no structure, the group will not be able to function effectively.
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Leadership
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an influence process that includes any behavior that helps to clarify a group's purpose of guide a group to achieve its goals
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Leader
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a person who is assigned or selected, or who emerges to take the leadership role of a group or team; a role or title held in a group, whereas leadership is the behavior that influences of facilitates group members to achieve the group's goal or goals
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Task needs - Leading a Group
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related to the content of the task and all behaviors that lead to the completion of the task Ex. Defining and assessing the task, gathering information, studying the problem and solving the problem
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Maintenance needs - Leading a Group
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related to organizing and developing a group so that members realize personal satisfaction from working together Ex. Atmosphere, structure, role responsibility
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Initiating Structure - Leadership Styles and Behavior
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(task-oriented); tend to focus on getting the job done; tend to sacrifice relationship development unless it will help get the task done more qickly
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Consideration - Leadership Styles and Behavior
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(relationship-oriented); ten to focus on interpersonal relationships and being liked by group members
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Autocratic - Leadership Styles and Behavior
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the leader has complete control; especially used when situations require immediate action
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Democratic - Leadership Styles and Behavior
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the leader shares control; common for elected officials and when the leader is a representative and member of the group
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Laissez-faire - Leadership Styles and Behavior
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the leader gives up control; often used when a leader does not want to impose a rigid structure because the group members are sufficiently competent and mature to accomplish their goal without much, if any influence, from the leader
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Men
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more autocratic (directive)
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Women
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more democratic (participative)
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Agenda - Conducting a Meeting
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a list of all topics to be discussed during a meeting
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Group task roles - Roles of Group Members
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help the group accomplish its task or objective Initiators or contributors Information seeker or information giver Evaluator/critic Energizer Orienter Coordinator
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Initiators or contributors - Group task roles - Roles of Group Members
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provide direction, propose ideas, and make suggestions to solve problems
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Information seeker or information giver - Group task roles - Roles of Group Members
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looks for more information of clarification of ideas
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Evaluator/critic - Group task roles - Roles of Group Members
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evaluates the information and conclusions regarding their usefulness and accuracy
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Energizer - Group task roles - Roles of Group Members
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a motivator who keeps the group moving toward its goal
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Orienter - Group task roles - Roles of Group Members
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periodically summarizes what has been discussed
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Coordinator - Group task roles - Roles of Group Members
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clarifies and shows relationships among ideas, viewpoints, and suggestions
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Group building and maintenance roles - Roles of Group Members
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helps define a Group's social atmosphere Encourageers Harmonizers Compromisers Gatekeepers Standard setters Followers Feeling expressers
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Encouragers - Group building and maintenance roles - Roles of Group Members
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offer praise and recognize the contributions of others
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Harmonizers - Group building and maintenance roles - Roles of Group Members
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mediators for disagreements
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Compromisers - Group building and maintenance roles - Roles of Group Members
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attempt to avoid and solve conflitcs and find acceptable solutions
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Gatekeepers - Group building and maintenance roles - Roles of Group Members
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manage the flow of interaction in the group
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Standard setters - Group building and maintenance roles - Roles of Group Members
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remind the group of its goals
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Followers - Group building and maintenance roles - Roles of Group Members
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cooperate to work together with other group members
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Feeling expressers - Group building and maintenance roles - Roles of Group Members
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articulate the group's feelings and attitudes
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Self-centered goals - Roles of Group Members
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generally counterproductive or destructive to a group and that tends to hinder group progress Aggressors Blockers Recognition seekers Buffoons Dominators Help seekers Withdrawers
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Aggressors - Self-centered goals - Roles of Group Members
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deflate others to make themselves look better
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Blockers - Self-centered goals - Roles of Group Members
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resist others' ideas and in general, disagree with everything
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Recognition seekers - Self-centered goals - Roles of Group Members
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similar to the aggressor in that they want to be the center of the group's attention
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Buffoons - Self-centered goals - Roles of Group Members
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jokers or people who engage in horseplay
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Dominators - Self-centered goals - Roles of Group Members
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autocrats, who want to be in charge
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Help seekers - Self-centered goals - Roles of Group Members
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in the group only to satisfy their own needs
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Withdrawers - Self-centered goals - Roles of Group Members
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just don't say or do anything
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Dewey's Reflective Thinking - Problem Solving and Decision Making
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Describes the mental step taken by individuals 1. Clearly identify the problem you are trying to solve 2. Phrase the problem as a question to help guide the discussion 3. Do not start suggesting solutions until you have fully analyzed the problem 4. In the definition and analysis steps of reflective thinking, do not confuse the causes of the problem with its symptoms - key to successful problem solving is reflective thinking that examines the symptoms and searches the causes 5. Appoint at least one member of the group to remind others to follow the reflective thinking steps
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Gouran's and Hirokawa's Functional Theory
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Describes how communication can help or hinder group problem solving and decision making; assumes that groups want to make good decisions and focuses on ways to improve a group's functional communication; also assume that the group has all the necessary information and resources needed and the communicative and thinking ability to do the best job.
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Groups success depends on 3 other factors
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1. Pertains to the task -Members fully understand the problem or issue being discussed -They know the minimum criteria for a successful solution -Identify all reasonable solutions from which to choose -Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of all the reasonable solutions against the agreed-upon criteria for selecting the best -Select the best solution 2. Pertains to how group members use communication to overcome any obstacles they may confront 3. Pertains to the participants' willingness to review and reconsider their decision
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Conflict
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an expressed struggle between at least 2 interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce resources, and interference from others in achieving their goals Benefits of conflict: deeper understanding of group members, greater involvement and increased motivation, better decisions, enhanced group cohesiveness
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Principled Negotiation
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a procedure that helps group members negotiate consensus by collaboration through the expression of each different need and search for alternatives to meet those needs -based on ethical principles that encourage participants to be respectful and civilized toward one another
