question

mud lumps

answer

mound like formations found at the mouth of a river forced to the surface by pressure (weight) from depositing sediment

question

point bar

answer

sediment builds up in the turn of a river that causes it to erode the opposite bank

question

sedimentary rock

answer

all rock native to Louisiana is this type of rock

question

global warming

answer

gradual rise in earth's temperature

question

coastal erosion

answer

Louisiana's coastline is disappearing at 35 square miles per year. An unintended consequence of environmental modifications such as building levees on rivers and cutting channels through the wetlands. May eventually force many in south Louisiana to relocate as their land is submerged into the Gulf of Mexico. Coastal erosion may hinder economic development as insurance costs rise in areas less protected from the full force of hurricanes. It makes the inhabited inland areas, such as New Orleans, more vulnerable to damage from hurricanes by reducing the natural windbreak and the distance from the city to the Gulf of Mexico.

question

chenier

answer

ridges of high ground in the coastal area that run parallel to the coastline

question

lagoon

answer

a shallow body of water that is separate from a larger one

question

fault

answer

cracks in the earth's surface

question

salt domes

answer

remainders of ancient sea that once covered Louisiana, for example Avery Island

question

water table

answer

the depth at which water is located

question

continental shelf

answer

the edge of a landmass where the gulf's floor drops off into very deep water

question

coastal plain

answer

flat land built up by river sediment

question

sediment

answer

particles of dirt and sand carried by water

question

continental drift

answer

the breakup of Pangaea (ancient super continent) and spread out of the continents

question

tectonic forces

answer

created when landmasses split apart and collide again. (form mountains, continents and reefs)

question

barrier islands

answer

islands that are parallel to the shore, built up by waves and currents (protect from storm surge, flooding, saltwater intrusion)

question

brakish

answer

mixture of fresh and salt water

question

bar

answer

underwater barrier of mud that interferes with a rivers flow

question

delta

answer

formed when a river flows into an ocean (looks like a crows foot)

question

loess

answer

windblown sediments

question

aquifer

answer

underground reservoir of water

question

meanders

answer

snake-like loops and turns in the Mississippi River, common to old rivers, form as the river slows and silt is deposited.

question

terraces

answer

old riverbeds that are naturally elevated

question

natural levee

answer

strips of elevated land along a river

question

oxbow lake

answer

the ends of an old meander that close up; formed when clay plugs form and the river bypasses an old meander

question

saltwater intrusion

answer

salt water movement into a marsh, caused by coastal erosion; unintended consequence of channels in the wetlands was to allow more salt water into the wetlands, contributing to the death of plants and the loss of land

question

wetlands

answer

marshes, swamps, or other kinds of land that are damp or covered with water

question

floodplain

answer

land, where waters of a river spill over.

question

elevation

answer

height of something above see level

question

population

answer

number of people living in an area

question

Why is the Mississippi river important in Louisiana

answer

1. The floodplain is a source of fertile soil to grow crops. 2. Trade (domestic and international) - ports Baton Rouge and New Orleans 3. The land of the delta is constantly changing.

question

Mississippi River Delta

answer

An area of land at the mouth of a river, where it enters a large body of water; constantly changes and new land forms as silt builds up at the mouth

question

Baton Rouge

answer

The capital of Louisiana, where our state's government is located.

question

New Orleans

answer

One of the largest ports in the world.The first known effort to control flooding on the Mississippi River was done by the French as they built the city in 1717.

question

Why are wetlands important to Louisiana

answer

homes to many kinds of animals and plants, economic importance as sources of seafood, protection against storms

question

Driskill Mountain

answer

Located in Northern Louisiana. Has the highest elevation on our state (535 feet).

question

Where is the lowest point (lowest elevation) in Louisiana

answer

New Orleans, it is 5 feet below sea level.

question

Bayou Teche

answer

Known for its natural beauty and history. Legend says it was created by the twists and turns of a giant snake

question

population map

answer

Shows the number of people living in different areas. Helps you see places with large and small populations

question

Review the Louisiana map

answer

Atchafalaya River, Gulf of Mexico, Lake Pontchartrain, Mississippi River, Perl River, Red river, Sabine river, Shreveport, Monroe, Alexandria, Lake Charles, Lafayette, Baton Rouge, New Orleans

question

marsh

answer

Very wet land, covered with grasses.

question

swamp

answer

A body of water, like marsh, but it has trees and very little grass.

question

Name five regions of Louisiana

answer

1. Sportsman's Paradise 2. Crossroads 3. Cajun Country (South Coastal Marshes) 4. Plantation Country 5. Greater New Orleans

question

Cajun and Creole

answer

The food most identified with Louisiana

question

gumbo

answer

the African word for "okra" that we use to describe a soup made of seafood, chicken and other ingredients, derived from African dish

question

Acadians

answer

The group of people who were forced to leave their land because they refused to take an oath of allegiance to the King of England

question

Zydeco

answer

kind of music that developed from African; French speaking African American of South Louisiana

question

The Louisiana bayous offered all of the following advantages to the Cajun people who lived there were

answer

natural protection against outsiders, source of food and building materials, and means of transportation for trade

question

Germans

answer

In south Louisiana, immigrants came directly from their homeland and settled on the "German Coast" area of the Mississippi River to farm; culture associated with Oktober Fest

question

Mardi Gras

answer

carnival in New Orleans, big tourist attraction started in Europe and was brought to Louisiana by the first French explorers which ushers in the religious season of Lent...40 days before Easter

question

Which waterways form Louisiana's natural boundaries?

answer

Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi River, Pearl River (east), Sabine River (west)

question

cultural diffusion

answer

spreading of one's culture; he expansion and adoption of a cultural elements, from its place of origin to a wider area.

question

culture

answer

way of life of a group of people

question

Catholic

answer

first religion of Louisiana, prevalent in Cajun Country, Greater New Orleans and Plantation country

question

jazz

answer

improvised music with strong rhythms and syncopation; combines African and European influences to create a uniquely American art form.

question

blues

answer

black follk music

question

fais-do-do

answer

cajun dance

question

spirituals

answer

sacred folk songs of African Americans

question

Jambalaya

answer

spicy dish of rice and meat - Cajun

question

region

answer

area defined by similar features

question

Sportsman's Paradise Region

answer

North Loiuisiana, Monroe, Shreveport, mostly uplands, many lakes, rolling hills and pine forests (Piney Hills), Driskill Mountain, Red River, settled by English-speaking protestants

question

Crossroads Region

answer

center of LA, cultural mix of North and South, Alexandria, rural and urban, Red River Valley, deciduous trees, natural levees, floodplains, Kisatchie National Forest, "No man's land" (wasn't included in original LA purchase)

question

Cajun Country

answer

spreads over a triangle in southwest Louisiana, , Lake Charles, Houma, Lafayette, prairies, bayous,marshes, swamps, barrier islands, French Canadians Catholics moved from Canada, Cajun French is still spoken, spicy food, zydeco, gumbo, spicy food

question

Plantation Country

answer

The area along the Mississippi River where Baton Rouge is the main city. Spanish moss and plantations are symbols of this region. Swamps, bayous, mix of trees, majority of LA old plantations with unique history

question

Greater New Orleans Region

answer

Swamps, marshes, bayous, Miss. River Delta, cheniers. Mix of diverse culture (Spanish, French, African), Catholics, rich history (battle of New Orleans), big port, Mardi Gras, French Quarter, Jazz, voodoo

question

Islenos

answer

Hispanic culture of people are descended from Canary Islands; enticed by the Spanish colonial government to settle in Louisiana to reinforce the Spanish presence in the formerly French colony.

question

Creoles

answer

0riginally meant a person of French ancestry born in a colony; later referred to persons of mixed French and African-American heritage.

question

free people of color

answer

Africans who were free during the years of slavery..gens de couleur libre

question

unintended consequences

answer

People change their environment. Sometimes these modifications to the environment have ___.

question

levee

answer

Building a ___ to stop a river from flooding is an intentional environmental modification.

question

channels

answer

Oil companies cut channels through the wetlands. That allows for saltwater intrusion and contributes to destruction of marshes and coastal erosion

question

systems

answer

When people make changes in complex ___ such as the environment or the economy the harm caused by unintended consequences may be greater than the benefits received over the long term.

question

cultural geography

answer

a study of how people have interacted with, changed and adapted to different places on Earth

question

consequences

answer

The impacts of human inhabitants may be deliberate or accidental. Many human attempts at changing the landscape have unintended ___.

question

lowlands

answer

The ___ were formed in the Holocene Epoch, at the end of the last ice age, when glaciers melted and sea levels rose.

question

uplands

answer

The older part of Louisiana, formed during the Mesozoic (250 m.y.a. to 65 m.y.a.) and Cenozoic Eras (65 m.y.a to the present).

question

Chenier Plain

answer

A twenty mile wide strip along the Gulf Coast from Marsh Island to the Sabine River.

question

Deltaic Plain

answer

The coastline of southeast Louisiana from Pearl River to Marsh Island.

question

distributary

answer

the branch of a river that flows away from the main stream (for example, Atchafalaya)

question

lobes

answer

deltas formed as the Mississippi River switched its route to the Gulf

question

Atchafalaya Delta

answer

Today the ___ is over 76 square miles and growing. It is an exception to the coastal erosion on other places in the Deltaic Plain and Chenier Plain.

question

How many gallons of water Mississippi River discharges per day

answer

420 billion gallons of water per day

question

Itasca

answer

The Mississippi River runs from Lake ___ in Minnesota to the Gulf of Mexico.

question

April

answer

The Mississippi River annually floods. The River is highest in ___ most years. The annual flooding is caused by melting snow and spring rain. The Mississippi River is at its lowest in October.

question

Army Corps of Engineers

answer

Today the U.S. ___ prevents changes on the course of the Mississippi River.

question

thalweg

answer

The line connecting the deepest part of the river is called a "___."

question

towhead

answer

A "___ island" forms when the river partially flows through a meander and partially through a "chute cutoff."

question

Pleistocene

answer

The ___ Entrenchment is the soil deposited around 18,000 years ago when the ice age caused the sea level to drop. The ___ Entrenchment is around 400 feet below the present sea level.

question

glaciers

answer

The Mississippi River Alluvial Plain includes some elevated areas formed by materials deposited as ___ retreated during the last ice age.

question

Macon

answer

The ___ Ridge is one elevated area formed by debris deposited by glaciers in the last ice age.

question

Bastrop

answer

The ___ Hills were formed by material left behind by glaciers.

question

spillways

answer

After the 1927 flood the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers added ___ to the levee system. They connect river to the marsh, so the water from the river can flow to the marsh to relieve flooding (and build marsh sediment, but that's not proven yet)

question

Red River

answer

currently a tributary of the Mississippi River, but in the past has gone straight to the Gulf of Mexico. Important trading river for Northwest Louisiana

question

African-Americans

answer

First brought to north Louisiana as slaves to work on cotton plantations; Many in New Orleans, slave and free, worked on the docks and as laborers. Some were entrepreneurs and musicians.

question

Anglo-Americans

answer

Pioneers, many came to north Louisiana to grow cotton before the Civil War

question

Scotch-Irish

answer

Also pioneers, many of these Celtic people came to north Louisiana to grow cotton before the Civil War

question

French

answer

The first European settlers of north Louisiana. Settled around Natchitoches to trade pelts and grow sugar cane. New Orleans was also established by French settlers over forty years before the Acadians arrived in South Louisiana.

question

prairies

answer

The cultural subregions of South Louisiana include this flat area.

question

Jews

answer

German immigrants to New Orleans included Protestants, Catholics, and ___. Many were skilled tradesmen and entrepreneurs.

question

Irish

answer

___ immigrants were hired to dig canals because the work was considered too dangerous for expensive slaves.

question

Italian

answer

Early ___ immigrants in New Orleans often took on French versions of their last names. They had a mutual aid society in New Orleans by 1843. The largest wave of their immigration was from 1890 to 1910.

question

cultural diversity

answer

A diversity of different ethnics, cultures, and races in an area. Louisiana's culture is a model of cultural diversity and cultural diffusion

question

Dede

answer

Edmond ___ was an African-American classical composer in 19th century New Orleans.

question

Hunter

answer

Folk artists such as Clementine ___ created interest in Louisiana's art and culture. Her paintings attract tourists to Melrose Plantation just outside Natchitoches.

question

JazzFest

answer

The New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival is a large annual music festival in New Orleans. Thousands of tourists attend. It is better known as...

question

International trade

answer

has always been important to economic growth in Louisiana. For example, raw coffee beans imported from Latin America are roasted in New Orleans.

question

Iberville

answer

___ was sent by Louis XIV to establish a colony at the mouth of the Mississippi to enforce French claims on the region.

question

Mississippi River

answer

Most early European settlement in Louisiana was on this river or its tributaries, such as the Red River and the Cane River. Trade on this river is the main contributing factor to economic development in Louisiana history

question

Shreveport

answer

Captain Henry Miller Shreve cleared the log raft (jam) on the Red River and established ___ in 1838.

question

Natchitoches

answer

___ was built on the Cane River (the Red River) in 1714.

question

Neutral Strip

answer

In 1806 the treacherous American General James Wilkinson (secretly employed as a Spanish agent) negotiated an agreement with his Spanish counterpart to create a "___" between the Sabine River and the Arroyo Hondo as a buffer zone to prevent a war between the United States and Spain.

question

tributary

answer

smaller river that flows into main river, for example Red River is a tributary to Mississippi River

Unit 1 Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards