China’s Geography, The Shang Dynasty, The Zhou Dynasty – Flashcards
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dynasty
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a series of rulers from the same family
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aristocrat
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nobles, or upper class people, whose wealth come from their land
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pictograph
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written characters that stand for objects
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ideograph
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two or more pictographs that are joined together to represent an idea
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bureaucracy
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appointed officials who take care of different parts of the government
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mandate
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a formal command to rule or do something important
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Huang He River
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also, known as the Yellow River, flooded the land and deposited rich soil
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"China's Sorrow"
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The Huang He River
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Himalaya Mountains and Gobi Desert
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made farming difficult, separated China from the rest of the world.
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Anyang
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capital of the Shang Dynasty
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The Shang Dynasty
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First Dynasty in China
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3 Groups of People in the Shang Dynasty
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Shang Kings, Aristocrats, Farmers
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Angry spirits
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The Shang people believed that angry spirits would ruin crops and make the army lose battles.
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Oracle Bones
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used to get advice from gods and ancestors
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Bronze
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The Shang people were best known for using this metal
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Zhou Dynasty
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Group of people that banned together to overthrow the cruel Shang rulers
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Zhou Government
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Kings and Bureaucrats
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Mandate of Heaven
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Heavenly law stating that gods chose the king based on his talents
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Zhou Achievements
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improved farm tools, developed irrigation and flood control systems.
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Period of the Warring States
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fighting between the Zhou territories
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Fall of the Zhou Dynasty
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this occurred when the leader of the Qin Territory used cavalry to defeat the Zhou Dynasty
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cavalry
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soldiers on horseback
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Confucianism
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The idea that everyone had a duty
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Confucius
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China's first great thinker. Taught the ideas of Confucianism.
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Daoism
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The belief that people should stop wanting worldly things and should follow nature.
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Laozi
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Taught the ideas of Daoism.
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Legalism
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The belief that strong laws, rulers, and punishments were the way to reach peace.
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Hanfeizi
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The teacher of Legalism.
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Qin
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Emperor of the Qin Dynasty; used harsh punishments for people who did not agree with him.
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Censors
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government officials in the Qin Dynasty.
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The Great Wall of China
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built during the Qin Dynasty to protect China from invaders.
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Liu Bang
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founded the Han Dynasty; born a peasant
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Han Wudi
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the greatest emperor during the Han Dynasty; gave tests to people looking for jobs.
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Inventions
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During the Han Dynasty, many inventions were created
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The Silk Road
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network of trade routes spread across China.
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Chinese Warlords
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military leaders who ran the kingdoms during the Sui Dynasty.
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General Wendi
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Founded the Sui Dynasty
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Yangdi
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Wendi's son who took over the Sui Dynasty and made life very hard for the Chinese people.
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The Grand Canal
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man made waterway that connected the two largest rivers in China.
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Taizong
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emperor of the Tang Dynasty, brought back tests for hire
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Empress Wu
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the only female to be emperor. Ruled during the Tang Dynasty
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wood blocking
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Discovered during the Tang Dynasty, was a new way to print books.
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Song
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emperor of the Song Dynasty
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Buddhism
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Religion practiced during the Tang and Song Dynasties
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The Golden Age
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took place during the Tang and Song Dynasties. A period of great wealth and spread of culture
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Tang Poetry
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wrote about nature
