question

) Who does the text describe as "the symbol for a new democratically oriented generation"? A) Martin Van Buren B) Henry Clay C) Andrew Jackson D) John C. Calhoun

answer

Andrew Jackson

question

The basic concept underlying the "spoils system" was that A) candidates must campaign viciously to "spoil" the chances of their opponents. B) party workers must be rewarded with political office after a successful campaign. C) there was no need to take into account the wishes of the average voter. D) government positions should not be "spoiled" by turning them into political plums.

answer

party workers must be rewarded with political office after a successful campaign

question

One of the "fundamental tenets of Jacksonian Democracy" was that A) educated and virtuous people should be elected to office. B) long-term stability for government employees improved government services. C) expert knowledge was the key to a democratic government. D) ordinary Americans could do anything.

answer

Ordinary Americans could do anything

question

Jackson's advisers who did not hold regular cabinet appointments were called the A) Locofocos. B) Tennessee Regulars. C) Old Hickories. D) Kitchen Cabinet

answer

kitchen cabinet

question

Jackson's view of the presidency differed from his predecessor's primarily in his belief that the A) scope of federal authority should be expanded at the states' expense. B) president was the direct representative of all the people and the embodiment of national power. C) federal government should engage in a vigorous program of internal improvements. D) advice of experts was crucial to sound presidential decisions.

answer

President was the direct representative of all the people and the embodiment of national power

question

Jackson's popularity and success were primarily the result of his A) expert knowledge of the issues. B) genius as an administrator. C) personality and leadership. D) open-mindedness to all sides of a question.

answer

personality and leadership

question

The 1830 debate between Senators Daniel Webster and Robert Hayne focused on A) the doctrine of states' rights as opposed to national power. B) the constitutionality of the Second Bank of the United States. C) the "corrupt bargain" during the election of 1824. D) Jackson's policy of Indian removal.

answer

the doctrine of states' rights as opposed to national power

question

) In response to the espousal of the states' rights doctrine on the Senate floor by South Carolinian Robert Hayne, which of the following argued that the Constitution was a compact of the people and that the Union was indissoluble? A) John C. Calhoun B) John Tyler C) Thomas Jefferson D) Daniel Webster

answer

Daniel Webster

question

) Daniel Webster's "Second Reply to Hayne" A) helped to prevent the formation of a West-South alliance. B) resulted in his impeachment as a senator. C) was a rousing defense of states' rights. D) made him a hero among those in the West.

answer

helped prevent the formation of a west-south alliance

question

Other than Jackson's personal popularity, the main campaign issue in the presidential election of 1832 was A) nullification. B) Jackson's Indian removal policy. C) the spoils system. D) the Bank of the United States.

answer

the bank of the united states

question

________ was a leading enemy of the Second National Bank of the United States. A) Daniel Webster B) Nicholas Biddle C) Henry Clay D) Andrew Jackson

answer

Andrew jackson

question

The senator who pushed for renewal of the Bank of the United States charter in 1832 to provide himself a campaign issue against Jackson was A) Henry Clay. B) John C. Calhoun. C) Martin Van Buren. D) John Eaton

answer

Henry Clay

question

Jackson defended his veto of the charter of the Second National Bank on the grounds that it was A) too weak to help stabilize the economy. B) unable to attract foreign investors. C) dominated by speculators in western land. D) unconstitutional, despite the Supreme Court.

answer

unconstitutional despite the supreme court

question

Of the second Bank of the United States, who believed that it was making "the rich richer and the potent more powerful"? A) Nicholas Biddle B) Daniel Webster C) Henry Clay D) Andrew Jackson

answer

andrew jackson

question

Jackson's most powerful weapon against the Bank of the United States was the A) power to remove Bank officers. B) ability to withdraw government revenues from the Bank. C) Specie Circular, which required the Bank to redeem its notes in gold. D) loyal backing of prominent National Republicans such as Daniel Webster.

answer

ability to withdraw government revenues from the bank

question

Jackson's attitude toward nullification was to A) oppose it because John C. Calhoun supported it. B) support it because it was a Southern doctrine and he was a Southerner. C) oppose it because of his devotion to the Union. D) oppose it as being divisive in practice, but support it as being correct in principle.

answer

oppose it because of his devotion to the union

question

Like fellow Westerners, President Jackson A) did not favor internal improvements. B) preferred that local projects be left to the states. C) believed that the federal government should maintain all surpluses. D) thought congressional power should be interpreted broadly.

answer

preferred that local projects be left to the states

question

Jackson's policy toward the Native Americans was to A) give them citizenship. B) respect their culture and traditional homelands. C) place them on reservations in each state. D) remove them to lands west of the Mississippi

answer

remove them to lands west of the mississippi

question

The Native American nation forced to move from Georgia as a result of Jackson's policies was the A) Seminole. B) Cherokee. C) Sac. D) Choctaw.

answer

cherokee

question

) According to the map "Indian Removals," the Cherokee, Choctaw, Creek, Chickasaw, and Seminole were forcibly removed from A) Georgia, Virginia, Kentucky, Florida, South Carolina, and Alabama. B) Arkansas, Virginia, South Carolina, Georgia, and Kentucky. C) Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Florida. D) Louisiana, Georgia, Illinois, Ohio, South Carolina, and Florida.

answer

georgia north carolina tennessee alabama mississippi and florida

question

Jackson opposed John Marshall's rulings about the Cherokee Nation in Georgia because he A) was hoping to appease his southern supporters. B) believed no independent nation could be allowed to exist within the United States. C) was a strong advocate of states' rights. D) hated Native Americans and wanted to destroy them completely.

answer

believed no independent nation could be allowed to exist within the united states

question

How did white Southerners react to northern criticisms of slavery? A) Whites in the "new" South of Mississippi and Alabama (outnumbered by slaves three to one) feared criticisms of slavery might lead to rebellion. B) A significant minority of pro-Unionist Southerners agreed with the criticisms. C) Most Southerners continued to view slaves as always docile, happy, and childlike. D) Radical South Carolinians were convinced that both the protective tariff and the agitation against slavery were examples of tyranny of the majority.

answer

radical south carolinians were convinced that both the protective tariff and the agitation against slavery were examples of tyranny of the majority

question

The southern political thinker who most prominently justified southern resistance to the Tariff of 1828 was A) John Tyler. B) John C. Calhoun. C) Andrew Jackson. D) Henry Clay.

answer

John C Calhoun

question

South Carolina's challenge to the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 is called the A) Cotton Controversy. B) Tariff War. C) Abomination Crisis. D) Nullification Crisis.

answer

Nullification Crisis

question

"The laws of the United States must be executed. I have no discretionary power on the subject...Those who told you that you might peaceably prevent their execution deceived you...Disunion by armed force is treason. Are you really ready to incur its guilt?" This was the response of Andrew Jackson to the actions of A) South Carolina. B) New York. C) Mississippi. D) Georgia.

answer

South Carolina

question

The outcome of the Nullification Crisis convinced the radical South Carolina planters that A) Jackson could not be trusted to keep his promises. B) Calhoun was not firmly committed to nullification. C) nullification and secession could succeed only with the support of other states. D) the government of the United States was an absolute tyranny.

answer

nullification and secession could succeed only with the support of other states

question

During 1835 and 1836, as a result of the creation of the "pet" banks, A) economic stability and prosperity resumed. B) the money supply shrank dramatically and plunged the country into a depression. C) the Bank of the United States retained all government deposits. D) the money supply increased rapidly and fueled wild speculation in land.

answer

the money supply increased rapidly and fueled wild speculation in land

question

) President Jackson issued the ________ in 1836 to require purchase of public land in gold or silver. A) Homestead Circular B) Public Domain Act C) Specie Circular D) Hard Currency Order

answer

specie circular

question

What effect did Jackson's economic policies have on the business cycle? A) They exaggerated the swings of the economic pendulum through the impact of their ill-considered policies on public thinking. B) They successfully stimulated the economy and ended the Panic of 1837. C) They were successful examples of the workings of the free marketplace and of the success of laissez-faire economics. D) The federal government was so weak that they had almost no effect.

answer

they exaggerated the swings of the economic pendulum through the impact of their ill considered policies on public thinking

question

Which of the following caused panic in the country in the spring of 1837? A) the reelection of Andrew Jackson B) the inability of banks to make specie payments C) the rise of the radical Locofoco party D) the purchase of Florida from Spain

answer

the inability of banks to make specie payments

question

Of whom was he speaking when Alexis de Tocqueville said, "Far from wishing to extend Federal power, [he] belongs to the party that wishes to limit that power."? A) Thomas Jefferson B) John C. Calhoun C) Henry Clay D) Andrew Jackson

answer

andrew jackson

question

An underlying principle commonly agreed upon by Jacksonians was A) increased government regulation of the economy. B) respect for professional experts in government. C) elimination of slavery and the slave trade. D) suspicion of special privileges and large business corporations.

answer

suspicion of special privileges and large business corporations

question

The new political coalition which emerged to challenge Democratic control in the 1830s was called the A) Federalists. B) Republicans. C) Bull Moose party. D) Whigs.

answer

whigs

question

The unifying principle of the Whig party was A) support of Henry Clay as a political leader. B) opposition to "King Andrew" Jackson. C) desire to return to property qualifications for voting and holding office. D) rejection of strong government.

answer

opposition to king andrew jackson

question

The Whig party's strategy in the election of 1836 was to A) run several candidates in the hope that the House of Representatives would decide the election. B) nominate Henry Clay because of his strong opposition to Jacksonian policies. C) boycott the Electoral College and appeal to the voters. D) nominate William Henry Harrison because he could appeal to Jackson supporters.

answer

run several candidates in the hope that the house of representativese would decide the election

question

Martin Van Buren's response to the Panic of 1837 was to A) inflate the currency. B) reestablish the National Bank. C) push for federal funding of internal improvements in order to create jobs. D) reject government interference in the economy.

answer

reject government interference in the economy

question

Martin Van Buren's chief goal as president was to A) end the Panic of 1837 by active government intervention in the economy. B) find an acceptable substitute for the state banks as a place to keep federal funds. C) increase the tariff in order to protect New England's "infant industries." D) institute federal funding for a national transportation network.

answer

find an accepable substitute for the state banks as a place to keep federal funds

question

) President Van Buren attempted to "divorce" the government from all banking activities through the A) "pet" banks network. B) Independent Treasury Act. C) Specie Circular. D) Third National Bank.

answer

independent treasury act

question

In the election of 1840 the Whig's presidential nominee, who was a former military hero whose political opinions were largely unknown, was A) William Henry Harrison. B) Martin Van Buren. C) James K. Polk. D) Zachary Taylor.

answer

william henry harrison

question

"Tippecanoe and Tyler too!" was the campaign slogan for General William Henry Harrison who was the nominee of what political party? A) the Democrats B) the Republicans C) the Jacksonians D) the Whigs

answer

the whigs

question

Over what issue did Davy Crockett split with President Jackson, eventually costing him his congressional seat? A) the Second National Bank B) hunting rights on federal land C) removal of Indians from the South D) cheap land for frontier farmers

answer

removal of indians from the south

question

Immediately after Harrison's inauguration, A) Clay emerged as the power behind the throne, directing the naive and weak-willed Harrison. B) Harrison died, was succeeded by the doctrinaire John Tyler, and the political climate of the country changed dramatically. C) Harrison became a surprisingly strong chief executive, modeling himself on Jackson. D) Harrison died and was succeeded by John Tyler, who was easily manipulated by Webster and Clay.

answer

harrison died, was succeeded by the doctrinaire john tyler, and the political climate of the country changed dramatically

question

During the 1830s and 1840s the economic differences between the rich and the poor A) constituted a wide and growing gap, especially in the larger eastern cities. B) remained constant with only a small gap between the two groups. C) shrank dramatically due to the numerous economic opportunities of the growing economy. D) remained constant with a large gap between the two groups

answer

constituted a wide and growing gap, especially in the larger eastern cities

question

The communitarian group whose members were celibate, held their property in common, valued simplicity and industriousness, stressed equality of labor, and practiced a joyful and fervent religion was A) Brook Farm. B) Oneida. C) the Shakers. D) the Mormons.

answer

the shakers

question

The staunch states' rights advocate who became president when William Henry Harrison died was A) Martin Van Buren. B) James K. Polk. C) Zachary Taylor. D) John Tyler

answer

John Tyler

question

Everyone in Tyler's cabinet except Daniel Webster resigned when Tyler opposed Henry Clay's plans and A) signed the bill creating a new National Bank. B) called for the annexation of Texas. C) vetoed the new National Bank. D) supported a large tariff increase

answer

vetoed the new national bank

question

The peace treaty of 1783 with England granted the United States all the land A) drained by the St. Lawrence River. B) of the Oregon Territory. C) on the eastern bank of the St. Lawrence River. D) drained by rivers flowing into the Atlantic.

answer

drained by rivers flowing into the atlantic

question

In the controversy leading to the Webster-Ashburton Treaty, England's main goal was to A) acquire the timber. B) control the fishing rights. C) build a military road. D) create a secure Canadian border.

answer

build a military road

question

The ________ Treaty settled the disputed boundary between Maine and New Brunswick and demonstrated the growing Anglo-American economic dependence. A) Transcontinental B) Clayton-Bulwer C) Webster-Ashburton D) Gadsden

answer

webster-ashburton

question

Before Texas gained its independence in 1836, a major conflict between American settlers in Texas and the Mexican government was A) Mexico's abolition of slavery. B) Mexico's attempt to require Americans to speak Spanish. C) the effect of the Missouri Compromise on Mexico. D) the weakness of the Mexican central government.

answer

mexicos abolition of slavery

question

In the battle over the independence of Texas, the slaughters at Goliad and at ________, a former mission, made peaceful settlement of the dispute with Mexico almost impossible. A) the Alamo B) the Citadel C) Corpus Christi D) Santa Fe

answer

the Alamo

question

The leader of the Texas independence movement and first president of the Republic of Texas was A) Stephen F. Austin. B) William B. Travis. C) Davy Crockett. D) Sam Houston.

answer

Sam Houston

question

) Sam Houston famously screamed "Remember the Alamo!" at A) Goliad during a decisive American defeat over the Mexicans. B) Mexico City during diplomatic talks with the Mexicans. C) President Jackson's signing of the annexation of Texas. D) a routing of the Mexican army at the San Jacinto River.

answer

a routing of the mexican army at the san jacinto river

question

) Both Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren A) were unwilling to annex Texas. B) attempted to annex Texas. C) refused to recognize Texas. D) warned Mexico to leave Texas alone

answer

were unwilling to annex Texas.

question

Manifest destiny might best be described as the belief that Americans were A) God's chosen people. B) a melting pot of immigrants. C) obligated to educate the Native Americans. D) destined to abolish slavery

answer

God's chosen people

question

Stating that nothing must interfere with the ability of Americans "to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions," New York journalist John L. O'Sullivan was describing the concept of A) economic determinism. B) transcendentalism. C) manifest destiny. D) progressivism.

answer

manifest destiny

question

One significant aspect of life on the westward trail in the 1840s was that it A) was actually safer for children than remaining at home. B) was easier for women than for men. C) strongly reinforced the family pattern of "separate spheres." D) was especially taxing for women.

answer

was especially taxing for women

question

In 1840, California could be most accurately described as A) unmistakably Mexican, with only a handful of white American settlers. B) still almost entirely controlled and owned by a series of Catholic missions. C) one of the few areas where the Native Americans were guaranteed the same civil rights as whites. D) dominated by white Americans, with only a handful of Mexican settlers.

answer

unmistakably Mexican with only a handful of white american settlers

question

"Oregon fever" referred to A) a common malady of the nineteenth century. B) a deep-seated hate for the Native Americans. C) the desire to go to Oregon. D) Christian attempts to convert the Native Americans.

answer

the desire to go to Oregon

question

According to the map "Trails West," the Oregon Trail A) crossed New Mexico Territory before heading north. B) ran along the border between the United States and Canada for much of its route. C) followed a route similar to the Mormon Trail part of the way. D) ran perpendicular to the Old Spanish Trail.

answer

followed a route similiar to the mormon trail part of the way

question

When the Whigs nominated Henry Clay for the presidency in 1844, their platform A) came out strongly for the annexation of Texas. B) ignored the question of Texas. C) supported the acquisition of Oregon. D) condemned all expansion.

answer

ignored the question of texas

question

James K. Polk might best be described as a A) promoter of high tariffs. B) national bank supporter. C) good Jacksonian. D) foe of expansion.

answer

good jacksonian

question

Upon sensing the expansionist sentiment of voters in the election of 1844, Henry Clay A) stuck firmly to his opposition to the annexation of Texas. B) backed off his firm opposition to the annexation of Texas. C) won the election because of his unyielding support of manifest destiny. D) pushed through a joint resolution making Texas a state.

answer

backed off his firm opposition to the annexation of texas

question

In accordance with the joint resolution that annexed Texas, A) Texas became an independent territory. B) up to four new states could be created from its territory. C) the territory of Texas was required to remain consolidated. D) Texas had to wait ten years until it could be granted full statehood.

answer

up to four new states could be created from its territory

question

American settlement in the Oregon region was centered in the A) Columbia River Valley. B) Willamette Valley. C) Walla Walla River Valley. D) Cascade Mountains.

answer

willamette valley

question

In 1846 the United States signed a treaty dividing the Oregon territory along the 49th parallel with A) Great Britain. B) Russia. C) France. D) Canada.

answer

great britain

question

The reason the final Oregon Treaty between the United States and England was popular is that A) America got all it demanded. B) the war with Mexico had begun. C) the Democrats saw a chance to get even with the Whigs. D) slavery was forbidden in the area.

answer

the war with mexico had begun

question

Mexico's main grievance against the United States was based upon the A) large debts the United States owed Mexico. B) invasion of California by Fremont. C) intrigues of John Slidell. D) annexation of Texas.

answer

annexation of texas

question

What happened in the Mexican War? A) The president led the nation into war without a formal declaration of war from Congress. B) American armed forces fought only inside the boundaries of the continental United States. C) Although the Mexican army was larger, better equipped, and well-led, American forces easily conquered Mexico. D) General Winfield Scott led a disastrous and poorly planned campaign against Mexico City.

answer

the president led the nation into war without a formal declaration of war from congress

question

"War exists." Polk said this to A) the Mexican diplomatic mission. B) General Mariano Paredes, the Mexican head of state. C) Thomas Slidell when authorizing further use of American armed forces. D) Congress when asking for a declaration of war.

answer

congress when asking for a declaration of war

question

President Polk's plans to defeat Mexico included A) driving Santa Anna from power. B) invading Texas. C) establishing a naval blockade of Mexican ports. D) taking possession of California and New Mexico

answer

taking posession of california and new mexico

question

During the Mexican War, what happened in the Southwest? A) American settlers seized Sonoma and established the Republic of California. B General Stephen Kearny's cavalry expedition from Fort Leavenworth was defeated and captured at the Battle of Santa Fe. C) A virtual civil war broke out between settlers favoring the United States and those supporting Mexico. D) The Mexican army easily defeated the initial efforts of a ragtag army of American settlers to create an independent California.

answer

american settlelrs seized sonoma and established the republic of california

question

The campaign against Mexico City was commanded by General A) Zachary Taylor. B) Stephen Kearny. C) Winfield Scott. D) Thomas Hart Benton.

answer

winfield scott

question

_____ was the chief clerk of the State Department who negotiated the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo against the orders of President Polk. A) George M. Dallas B) James G. Birney C) Abel P. Upshur D) Nicholas P. Trist

answer

nicholas p trist

question

The Mexican War was ended by the A) Gadsden Purchase. B) Treaty of Vera Cruz. C) Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. D) Treaty of San Juoaquin.

answer

treaty of guadalupe hidalgo

question

Under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the United States A) promised to respect Mexican sovereignty in the future. B) gained Texas and Oklahoma. C) agreed to continue Mexico's prohibition of slavery in the Southwest. D) gained New Mexico and Upper California.

answer

gained new mexico and upper california

question

For many Americans, the ultimate justification of manifest destiny and the Mexican War seemed to be the A) prohibition on slavery in the territory gained from Mexico. B) recognition by Europeans that America was also an imperial power. C) discovery of gold in California in 1848. D) guarantee of a transcontinental railroad route through the territory conquered from Mexico.

answer

discovery of gold in california in 1848

question

Slavery erupted as a divisive issue after the Mexican War over the question of A) restricting the domestic slave trade. B) continuing slave auctions in Washington, D.C. C) renewing the importation of slaves. D) allowing slavery in the territory conquered from Mexico

answer

allowing slavery in the territory conquered from mexico

question

The attempt to prohibit slavery from the territory gained by the Mexican War was identified with A) Lewis Cass. B) David Wilmot. C) Henry Clay. D) Zachary Taylor

answer

david wilmot

question

"As an express and fundamental condition to the acquisition of any territory from the Republic of Mexico...neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of said territory." This is from the A) Compromise of 1850. B) Webster-Ashburton Treaty. C) Wilmot Proviso. D) Tallmadge Amendment.

answer

william proviso

question

The original advocate of organizing new territories on the basis of "popular sovereignty" was A) Lewis Cass. B) Nicholas Trist. C) David Wilmot. D) Zachary Taylor.

answer

lewis cass

question

Zachary Taylor was chosen to run for president by the Whigs in 1848 because of his A) opposition to slavery. B) extensive legislative experience. C) proven ability to campaign. D) military career.

answer

military career

question

In the election of 1848, supporters of Martin Van Buren who opposed Lewis Cass were nicknamed A) Mugwumps. B) Locofocos. C) Railsplitters. D) Barnburners.

answer

barnburners

question

In 1849 approximately 80,000 Americans migrated to California because of the A) completion of the Santa Fe Trail. B) start of the gold rush. C) end of the Mexican War. D) severe unemployment in the East.

answer

start of the gold rush

question

The California state constitution of 1849 banned slavery for primarily ________ reasons. A) economic B) moral C) religious D) political

answer

economic

question

California's possible admission as a free state caused such a furor because it A) forced slavery to be barred in all territories. B) repealed the Missouri Compromise. C) rejected the idea of "popular sovereignty." D) broke the balance of power in the Senate between slave and free states.

answer

broke the balance of power in the senate between slave and free states

question

The senator who initially organized the legislative program that became the Compromise of 1850 was A) David Wilmot. B) Daniel Webster. C) Henry Clay. D) John C. Calhoun.

answer

henry clay

question

In the debates over the Compromise of 1850, Henry Clay's most famous argument was that A) because God's "higher law" prohibited any cooperation with the evils of slavery, the North should refuse to compromise. B) the North should yield completely on every point, ceasing even to discuss slavery. C) fugitive slaves who escaped to the North should be guaranteed their freedom. D) slavery did not need to be prohibited by a Wilmot Proviso because the facts of geography and climate prevented its establishment in the Southwest.

answer

slavery did not need to be prohibited by a wilmot proviso because the facts of geography and climate prevented its establishment in the southwest

question

"You have got what is worth more than a thousand Wilmot Provisos...You have nature on your side." This statement is a defense of the Compromise of 1850 by whom? A) Daniel Webster B) Henry Clay C) Millard Fillmore D) Zachary Taylor

answer

henry clay

question

When Zachary Taylor died, the politician who became president and was instrumental in achieving the Compromise of 1850 was A) Millard Fillmore. B) Franklin Pierce. C) James Buchanan. D) John Tyler.

answer

millard fillmore

question

According to the maps accompanying the comparison between the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850, the __________ had the largest area of any free territory in 1850. A) Unorganized Territory B) Oregon Territory C) Utah Territory D) area freed by Missouri Compromise

answer

area freed by missouri compromise

question

The part of the Compromise of 1850 which seems to indicate unscrupulous activities was A) admitting California as a free state. B) taking over the debts of Texas. C) strengthening the fugitive slave law. D) abolishing the slave trade in the District of Columbia.

answer

taking over the debts of texas

question

The attempt to prohibit slavery from the territory gained by the Mexican War was identified with A) Lewis Cass. B) David Wilmot. C) Henry Clay. D) Zachary Taylor.

answer

david wilmot

question

What was the public reaction to the Compromise of 1850? A) Violent antislavery riots condemned it in the North. B) Abolitionists were quite pleased with its steps towards gradual emancipation. C) Mass meetings throughout the country were held to support it. D) Defenders of slavery praised it for preserving the balance between free and slave states in the Senate.

answer

mass meetings throughout the country were held to support it

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