question

William Steward

answer

spokesman from NY; political operator who opposed the compromise; ideals of the union were less important than the issue of abolition

question

Napoleon III

answer

nephew of Napoleon I and emperor of the French from 1852 to 1871 (1808-1873)

question

Mexico

answer

a Republic in southern North America

question

Alaska Purchase

answer

Secretary of State William Seward bought Alaska from Russia for $7.2 Million ("Seward's Folly")

question

new imperialism

answer

Historians' term for the late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century wave of conquests by European powers, the United States, and Japan, which were followed by the development and exploitation of the newly conquered territories. (p. 726)

question

international Darwinism

answer

original concept of survival of the fittest, applied to international realtions ; competition among nations was justified

question

Josiah Strong

answer

a popular American minister in the late 1800s who linked Anglo-Saxonism to Christian missionary ideas

question

Alfred Thayer Mahan

answer

United States naval officer and historian (1840-1914)

question

Pan-American Conference

answer

this was an international organization that dealt with trade; organized by james blaine; created to encourage cooperation and trust with the manufacturers

question

James Blaine

answer

a U.S. Representative, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, U.S. Senator from Maine, two-time United States Secretary of State, and champion of the Half-Breeds. He was a dominant Republican leader of the post Civil War period, obtaining the 1884 Republican nomination, but lost to Democrat Grover Cleveland

question

Richard Olney

answer

Attorney General of the U.S., he obtained an active injunction that state union members couldn't stop the movement of trains. He moved troops in to stop the Pullman strike.

question

Venezuela boundary dispute

answer

Dispute between Great Britain and Venezuela over the boundary between Venezuela and British Guiana; British had ignored American demands to arbitrate the matter with Sec. of State Olney saying that Britain was violating the Monroe Doctrine; president Cleveland supported Venezuela and decided to determine the boundary line and if Britain resisted this, the U.S. could declare war to enforce it; Britain eventually agreed to arbitration

question

Cuba

answer

the largest island in the West Indies

question

jingoism

answer

fanatical patriotism

question

Valeriano Weyler

answer

He was a Spanish General referred to as "Butcher" Weyler. He undertook to crush the Cuban rebellion by herding many civilians into barbed-wire reconcentration camps, where they could not give assistance to the armed insurrectionists. The civilians died in deadly pestholes. "Butcher" was removed in 1897.

question

yellow journalism

answer

sensationalist journalism

question

Spanish-American War

answer

In 1898, a conflict between the United States and Spain, in which the U.S. supported the Cubans' fight for independence

question

DeLome Letter

answer

A private letter written by Enrique Depuy de Lome, Spainish Minister to U.S, critized President Mckinley call him "weak" and "a bidder for the admiration of the crowd"

question

Maine

answer

a state in New England

question

Teller Amendment

answer

Legislation that promised the US would not annex Cuba after winning the Spanish-American war

question

Philippines

answer

an archipelago in the southwestern Pacific including some 7000 islands

question

George Dewey

answer

a United States naval officer remembered for his victory at Manila Bay in the Spanish-American War

question

Theodore Roosevelt

answer

26th President of the United States

question

Rough Riders

answer

volunteer soldiers led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish American War

question

Hawaii Liliuokalani

answer

She was the last Hawaiian ruler to govern the islands. January 17, 1893, pro-American forces overthrew the government and proclaimed a provisionist government in Hawaii with Sanford B. Dole as president. Liliuokalani had no choice but to surrender her throne. She made a plea to the U.S. government for reinstatement, and a representative of President Grover Cleveland found the overthrow to be illegal. Dole, however, refused to accept the decision.

question

Puerto Rico Guam

answer

given to the U.S. with the conclusion of the Spanish-American War

question

Philippine annexation

answer

A treaty ratified on Feb. 6, 1899 guaranteed this. The anti-imperialists fell just two votes short of defeating this treaty.

question

Emillio Aguinaldo

answer

leader of the Filipino rebels

question

Anti-Imperialist League

answer

objected to the annexation of the Philippines and the building of an American empire. Idealism, self-interest, racism, constitutionalism, and other reasons motivated them, but they failed to make their case; the Philippines were annexed in 1900

question

insular cases

answer

Determined that inhabitants of U.S. territories had some, but not all, of the rights of U.S. citizens.

question

Platt Amendment

answer

Legislation that severely restricted Cuba's sovereignty and gave the US the right to intervene if Cuba got into trouble

question

John Hay

answer

Secretary of State under McKinley and Roosevelt who pioneered the open-door policy and Panama canal

question

spheres of influence

answer

areas in which countries have some political and economic control but do not govern directly (ex. Europe and U.S. in China)

question

Open Door policy

answer

A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China.

question

xenophobia

answer

an irrational fear of foreigners or strangers

question

Boxer Rebellion

answer

A 1900 Uprising in China aimed at ending foreign influence in the country.

question

big-stick policy

answer

Roosevelt's philosophy - In international affairs, ask first but bring along a big army to help convince them. Threaten to use force, act as international policemen

question

Hay-Pauncefote Treaty

answer

(TR) , negotiations with Colombia, six mile strip of land in Panama, $10 million, US could dig canal without British involvement

question

Panama Canal

answer

a ship canal 40 miles long across the Isthmus of Panama built by the United States (1904-1914)

question

George Goethals

answer

United States army officer and engineer who supervised the construction of the Panama Canal (1858-1928)

question

William Gorgas

answer

Army physician who helped eradicate Yellow Fever and Malaria from Panama so work on the Panama Canal could proceed

question

Roosevelt Corollary

answer

Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force

question

Santo Domingo

answer

the capital and largest city of the Dominican Republic

question

Russo-Japanese

answer

TR won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 for helping to end this war

question

Treaty of Portsmouth

answer

(1905) ended the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). It was signed in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, after negotiations brokered by Theodore Roosevelt (for which he won the Nobel Peace Prize). Japan had dominated the war and received an indemnity, the Liaodong Peninsula in Manchuria, and half of Sakhalin Island, but the treaty was widely condemned in Japan because the public had expected more.

question

gentlemen's agreement

answer

Agreement when Japan agreed to curb the number of workers coming to the US and in exchange Roosevelt agreed to allow the wives of the Japenese men already living in the US to join them

question

great white fleet

answer

1907-1909 - Roosevelt sent the Navy on a world tour to show the world the U.S. naval power. Also to pressure Japan into the "Gentlemen's Agreement."

question

Root-Takahira Agreement

answer

1908 - Japan / U.S. agreement in which both nations agreed to respect each other's territories in the Pacific and to uphold the Open Door policy in China.

question

Algeciras Conference

answer

International conference called to deal with the Moroccan question. French get Morocco, Germany gets nothing, isolated. Result is U.S, Britain, France, Russia see Germany as a threat.

question

William Howard Taft

answer

27th President of the United States and later chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1857-1930)

question

dollar diplomacy

answer

diplomacy influenced by economic considerations

question

Nicaragua

answer

a republic in Central America

question

Henry Cabot Lodge

answer

Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, he was a leader in the fight against participation in the League of Nations

question

Lodge Corollary

answer

In 1912 Senate passed resolution to Monroe Doctrine. It stated that non-European powers (such as Japan) would be excluded from owning territory in Western Hemisphere.

question

Woodrow Wilson

answer

28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize

question

New Freedom

answer

Woodrow Wilson's domestic policy that, promoted antitrust modification, tariff revision, and reform in banking and currency matters.

question

moral diplomacy

answer

foreign policy proposed by President Wilson to condemn imperialism, spread democracy, and promote peace

question

Jones Act

answer

(WW) 1916, Promised Philippine independence. Given freedom in 1917, their economy grew as a satellite of the U.S. Filipino independence was not realized for 30 years.

question

Mexican civil war

answer

Fransisco Villa, a dictator, rose to power in Mexico. The USA Attempted and failed his capture.

question

Victoriano Huerta

answer

He was a Mexican military officer and President of Mexico who was also leader of the violent revolution that took place in 1913. His rise to power caused many Mexicans to cross the border as well as angering the United States who saw him as a dictator.

question

Tampico incident

answer

In April 1914, some U.S. sailors were arrested in Tampico, Mexico. President Wilson used the incident to send U.S. troops into northern Mexico. His real intent was to unseat the Huerta government there. After the Niagara Falls Conference, Huerta abdicated and the confrontation ended.

question

ABC powers

answer

The South American countries of Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, which attempted to mediate a dispute between Mexico and the United States in 1914.

question

Venustiano Carranza

answer

(1859-1920) Mexican revolutionist and politician; he led forces against Vitoriano Huerta during the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920).

question

expeditionary force

answer

Wilson ordered General Pershing to pursue Pancho Villa into Mexico. They were in nothern Mexico for months without being able to capture Villa. Growing possibility of U.S. entry into World War I caused Wilson to withdraw Pershing's troops.

question

John J. Pershing

answer

US general who chased Villa over 300 miles into Mexico but didn't capture him

Chapter 20 Vocab APUSH – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards