Reaction Rates and Equilibrium – Flashcards
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| activated complex |
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| a temporary arrangement of interacting chemical species that is an intermediate between reactants and products |
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| transition state |
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| the state of a system (or of the individual species) between reactants and product |
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| activation energy |
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| the energy barrier that must be overcome for a reaction to occur |
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| catalyst (KA-tl-uhst) |
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| a substance present during a chemical reaction that speeds up the reaction but is not used up or changed during the reaction |
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| inhibitor |
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| a physical or chemical component of a system that prevents the free interaction of reactant molecules |
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| transition state |
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| the state of a system (or of the individual species) between reactants and product |
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| collision theory |
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| a body of scientific evidence supporting the statement that chemical reactions and reaction rates are based on the physical interactions of molecules in motion. |
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| reversible reaction |
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| a reaction in which there is a dynamic equilibrium between products and reactants |
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| chemical equilibrium |
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| the process by which the reactants form products and products form reactants at equal rates |
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| equilibrium constant |
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| the ratio between the concentrations of the products and the concentrations of the reactants |
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| Le Chatelier's principle |
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| factors such as changes in pressure or concentration will affect the equilibrium of a system in predictable ways |
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| spontaneous reaction |
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| a reaction that will process without (much) outside influence and that will result in a relatively substantial amount of product |
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| Gibbs free energy |
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| the energy that is released during a spontaneous reaction that is available to do work |
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| entropy ; (EN-truh-pee) |
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| the randomness of any physical system |
