Exambusters Chemistry Study Cards 1 – Flashcards
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| Scientific Notation |
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| A number expressed as A x 10^B A is between 1.00 and 9.99, and B is an integer |
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| Energy |
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| The ability to do work; it is released or absorbed during chemical reactions in the form of heat, light, electricity. units: calorie, Joule; 1 cal = 4.18 J |
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| Matter |
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| A substance that occupies space and has mass. |
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| Weight |
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| Measures gravitational force. Varies slightly on Earth, and significantly elsewhere. |
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| Potential Energy |
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| Energy due to position or stored energy |
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| Kinetic Energy |
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| Energy of motion |
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| Mass |
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| The amount of matter. Never varies |
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| Degree of Uncertainty |
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| Depends on the skill of the person doing the measuring and the limitations of the measuring instrument. The last significant figure in a measurement is always uncertain. |
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| Absolute zero give in Kelvin, Celsius |
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| Lowest possible temperature where all atomic motion ceases. 0 K -273 degrees C |
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| Express: 100 grams |
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| 1 hectogram |
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| Express: 1/10 liter |
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| 1 deciliter |
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| Express: 1000 meters |
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| 1 kilometer |
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| Express: 0.001 grams |
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| 1 milligram |
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| Metric abbreviation: decigram |
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| dg |
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| Metric abbreviation: kiloliter |
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| kL |
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| Metric abbreviation: hectoliter |
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| hm |
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| Metric abbreviation: milligram |
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| mg |
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| Metric system unit for: mass |
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| gram |
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| Metric system unit for: volume |
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| liter |
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| Metric system unit for: length |
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| meter |
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| Metric system unit for: time |
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| second |
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| Rules for multiplication of numbers in scientific notation. |
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| Multiply the first numbers and add the exponents. (3 X 10^5)(2 X 10^3) = 6 X 10^8 |
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| Rules for division of numbers in scientific notation. |
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| Divide the first numbers and subtract the exponents. (8 x 10^6)/(2 x 10^10) = 4 x 10^-4 |
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| Metric symbol: gram |
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| g |
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| Metric symbol: meter |
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| m |
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| Metric symbol: liter |
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| L |
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| Freezing point of water in Celsius |
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| 0 |
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| Freezing point of water in Kelvin |
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| 273 |
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| Freezing point of water in Fahrenheit |
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| 32 |
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| Boiling point of water in Celsius |
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| 100 |
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| Boiling point of water in Kelvin |
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| 373 |
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| Boiling point of water in Fahrenheit |
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| 212 |
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| Metric prefix for: 0.1 |
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| deci |
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| Metric prefix for: 0.01 |
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| centi |
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| Metric prefix for: 0.001 |
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| milli |
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| Metric prefix for: 0.000000001 |
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| nano |
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| State the volume and mass of water at 4 °C |
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This is the point of Maximum density
1 g occupies 1 cm3
1 L = 1 kg |
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| Metric prefix for: 1,000,000 |
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| mega |
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| Metric prefix for: 1000 |
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| kilo |
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| Metric prefix for: 100 |
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| hecto |
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| Metric prefix for: 10 |
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| deka |
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| Metric system unit for: temperature |
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| Kelvin or Celsius |
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| Metric system unit for: electric current |
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| ampere |
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| Metric system unit for: amount of a substance |
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| mole |
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| Conversion factors: feet to inches |
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| 1 ft = 12 in |
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| Conversion factors: kilogram to grams |
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| 1 kg = 1000 gm |
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| Conversion factors: miles to kilometers |
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| 1 mile = 1.61 Km |
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| Convert degree Celsius to Kelvin |
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| K = degree C + 273 |
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| Convert from scientific notation: 1.23 X 104 |
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| 12300 |
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| Convert from scientific notation: 6 X 10-3 |
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| 0.006 |
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| Metric symbol: seconds |
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| s |
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| Metric symbol: Celsius |
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| °C |
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| Metric symbol: Kelvin |
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| K |
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| Metric symbol: moles |
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| mol |
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| Metric symbol: amperes |
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| a |
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| Convert to scientific notation: 695 |
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| 6.95 X 102 |
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| Convert to scientific notation: 0.04 |
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| 4.0 X 10-2 |
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| Convert to scientific notation: 3000 |
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| 3.0 X 103 |
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| Use conversion factors to solve: How many kilograms in 2000 grams? |
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| (2000 g)(1 kg/1000 g) = 2 kg |
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| Use conversion factors to solve: How many feet in 60 inches |
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| (60 ") (1'/12") = 5 feet |
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| How many significant digits? 300 |
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| 1 |
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| How many significant digits? 0.0020 |
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| 2 |
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| How many significant digits? 4006 |
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| 4 |
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| How many significant digits? 5.00 |
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| 3 |
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| Precision |
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| reliability or reproducibility of a measurement |
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| Accuracy |
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| how close a measurement comes to the accepted value |
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| Significant digit rules. |
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| Digits measured All non-zero digits Zero unless they are placeholders |
