Sociology exam #2 – Flashcards
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The self fulfilling prophecy is associated with
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Labeling theory
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Smiles frowns and hugs are all examples of
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Informal external controls
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Which of the following facts are untrue regarding hate crimes
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Most are due to homophobia
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According to social control theory, which of the following actions might influence a person to conform?
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All of the above
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Members of society create deviants by defining certain behaviors as deviant. This statement closely reflects?
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Labeling theory
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Deviants serves vital social function. This statement most closely reflects
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Structural functional theory
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The forms of deviance in which a formal penalties are imposed by society are considered
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Crimes
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Which of the following is incorrect
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Deviance is always purposely and knowingly break the law
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To be deviant a person must
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Not conform to one of societies norms
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Which of the following is an effective alternative to prison?
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Building social capital
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Which type of stratification system allows movement between classes
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Open
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Which of the following statements about social classes in the United States is true?
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Wages and salaries for the upper classes raisin in the past 30 years
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The gap between those with access to information technology and those without is known as
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Digital divide
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Since 1969, the middle class in the United States
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Decreased
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First-generation college graduates who become for physicians reflect
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Intergenerational mobility
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___Refers to how individuals are layered or rank in society according to how many value resources they possess
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Social stratification
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All of the following our main assumptions of stratification except
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Wealth is the most important resource
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Which of the following is a key Sumption of conflict theorists view of social stratification
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Stratification is the outcome of struggles for dominance and scarce resources
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In ___stratification system, the characteristics of individuals are born with determine one's position in society
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Ascribed
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The___model of our suggests that individuals with powerful positions and political, business, and military arena interact with each other and assure that their power is not threatened.
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Power elite
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___Is a form subjection that keeps minorities powerless by formally separating them from the dominant group and depriving them of access to the dominant institution
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Segregation
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The criminal justice system in the United States has been found to discriminate against my Nordie groups are economic system in the United States has been found to discriminate against individuals who have been convicted of a crime. If a minority job application is not hired because of a unjust criminal conviction,The applicant experience___discrimination.
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Side effect
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Which of the following is a social cost of group inequalities?
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Minority members of society may not be able to reach their full human potential to maximize their contribute to the society.
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Lisa strongly believe that certain groups of humans are biologically. Two other groups of humans and that this is what explains the cultural and social differences between racial groups Lisa is demonstrating__racism
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ideological
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The structural and cultural merging of minority and majority groups that results in minority members losing their original identity refers to:
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Assimilation
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When the Serbian army massacred Bosnian civilians while conducting "ethnic cleansing," they were participating in this type of group relation, where the dominant group makes a systematic effort to destroy a minority group:
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Genocide
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_________ occurs when each ethnic group or racial group in a country maintains its own culture and separate set of institutions.
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Pluralism
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A(n) __________ is a group within the human species that is identified by a society as presumably having certain biologically inherited physical characteristics.
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Race
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Which of the following solutions addresses racism at the group level?
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Positive contact
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When Mary, the owner of a large apartment complex, was deciding who to rent an open apartment to, she immediately disregarded the application of 84-year-old Millie because Mary does not rent apartments to old women. Mary's treatment of Millie is best described as:
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Individual discrimination
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Discrimination that is done deliberately because of cultural images of women as inferior to or fundamentally different from men:
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De jure discrimination
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Which of the following is an example of institutionalized discrimination?
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Women are expected to changed their names when they marry and questioned if they do not
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Social forces that keep the vast majority of the world's women stuck in low-paid jobs:
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Sticky floor
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Sara is looking at how sexism is maintained in Britain. Her data suggest that symbols of women as deferential, supplicating, sex-starved beings perpetuate the sexist structure in the isles. Sara is a ___________ theorist.
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Symbolic interaction
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According to most sociologists, gender roles are:
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All of the above
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The socially constructed meanings associated with males and females are called:
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Gender roles
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"Gender division of labor exists in modern societies because it is efficient and useful to have different-but-complementary male and female roles." This statement most closely reflects:
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Structural functional theory
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Social forces that keep women from reaching the highest levels of corporate and public responsibility:
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Glass ceiling
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According to the text, teachers are most likely to reward girls for being:
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Obedient and passive
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__________________focuses on social processes that define homosexuality as deviant and legitimize heterosexuality as the only normal lifestyle.
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Heterosexism
