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Performance Anxiety

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is controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for his or her presentation.

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ice breaker speech

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a speech early in the term designed to get students speaking in front of the class as soon as possible

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introduction

answer

the opening section of a speech

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body

answer

the main section of a speech

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chronological order

answer

A method of speech organization where the main points follow a time pattern

question

topical ordder

answer

Logical and consistent sequences

question

main points

answer

the majors points of a speech

question

transition

answer

Word or phrase that indicates when a speaker is finished

question

conclusion

answer

The final section of a speech

question

extemporaneous speech

answer

a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes

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Does Language mirror reality

answer

NO

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denotative meaning

answer

The literal or dictionary meaning of a word or phrase

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connotative meaning

answer

the meaning suggested by the associations or emotions triggered by a word or phrase

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parallelism

answer

Phrases or sentences of a similar construction/meaning placed side by side, balancing each other

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antithesis

answer

A statement in which two opposing ideas are balanced

question

inclusive language

answer

language that does not stereotype, demean, or patronize people on the basis of gender, race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or other factors

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The order

answer

specific purpose, central idea, main points, transition, conclusions

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What can you inform on

answer

Process Object Event Concept

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personalize

answer

To relate to the audience you should do this in your informative speech

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impersonal

answer

not influenced by personal feelings

question

central idea

answer

The most important point the author makes

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residual message

answer

what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech

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catalogue

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a listing of all the books, periodicals, and other resources owned by a library

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Call numbers

answer

A label or address assigned to each library item, presenting information to logically organize locate the item in the library stacks

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research summary

answer

a method for data collection

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It is important to know your main points before you begin researching your speech.

answer

False

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signpost

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a transition that indicates a key move in the speech, making its organization clear to the audience. etc "first" "next" "finally"

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causal order

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a method of speech organization in which the main points show a cause-effect relationship

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connective

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provides support for the body and connects its parts.

question

When selecting a title for your speech, you should avoid phrasing it as a question.

answer

False

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Even though a speaking outline should be kept as brief as possible, you should usually write out quotations in full. True

answer

True

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rhetorical question

answer

A question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer

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dissolve ending

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a conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement

question

crescendo ending

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a conclusion in which the speech builds to a zenith of power and intensity

question

What is a major factor to consider when deciding whether to use an object as a visual aid?

answer

its size

question

Distributing handouts is usually an excellent way to present visual aids during a speech. True

answer

False

question

Dolores is preparing visual aids for her speech about resources available to the Latino/Latina community and has decided to use a handout. When should she distribute it?

answer

After the speech

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When delivering a speech, you should display visual aids only while discussing them.

answer

True

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When preparing charts and graphs, you should use a large number of colors in order to grab your audience's attention.

answer

True

question

impromptu

answer

A(n) ____________ speech is delivered with little or no immediate preparation.

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Pitch

answer

How high or low a sound is speaking

question

articulation

answer

the physical production of particular speech sounds in a clear format

question

Conversational quality

answer

presenting a speech so it sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed

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True

answer

Good delivery does not call attention to itself

question

Inflection

answer

Change in the tone of a speakers voice

question

Articulation

answer

Structuring your speech carefully

question

vocalized pause

answer

a pause that occurs when a speaker fills the silence between words with vocalizations such as "uh", "er", and "um"

question

True/False: Listeners usually find generalizations more interesting and convincing than specific statements.

answer

false

question

True/False: skillful use of supporting materials is closely related to critical thinking.

answer

true: Feedback: As you assess your supporting materials and decide which ones to use in your speech, you are using the same skills that are involved in critical thinking.

question

The three kinds of supporting materials discussed in your textbook are

answer

statistics, examples, and testimony.

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A(n) ____________ is a specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like.

answer

example

question

True/False: Examples are especially useful for getting listeners involved in a speech.

answer

true: Feedback: Because they can make ideas concrete and personal, examples are especially useful for getting listeners involved in a speech.

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True/False: A hypothetical example is an example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation.

answer

True

question

A(n) ____________ example is a specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point.

answer

brief

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According to your textbook, a(n) ____________ example is a story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point.

answer

extended

question

True/False: You should usually avoid using detailed examples because they will bore your audience.

answer

False: Feedback: Because detailed examples are usually more vivid than brief examples, they are likely to be of more interest to your audience.

question

True/False: The impact of an extended example often depends as much on the speaker's delivery as on the content of the example.

answer

True: Feedback: Because an extended example is similar to a story, its impact can depend as much on the speaker's delivery as on its content.

question

The ____________ is the number that occurs most frequently in a group of numbers.

answer

mode

question

What is the median in the following set of numbers: 500, 600, 650, 700, 750?

answer

650

question

The term for the statistical measure popularly known as the "average" is the ____________.

answer

mean

question

True/False: the main purpose of using statistics in a speech is to make the speech more vivid.

answer

False: Feedback: The main value of using statistics in a speech is to quantify the speaker's ideas; examples are used to make a speech more vivid.

question

According to your textbook, if you quoted your sixteen-year-old niece on the impact of media violence on high-school students, you would be using ____________ testimony.

answer

peer

question

Research indicates that the impact of examples is greatly enhanced when they are followed by ____________ that show the examples are typical.

answer

statistics

question

True/False: In most cases, statistics speak for themselves and do not require a lot of explanation when used in a speech.

answer

False: Feedback: The meaning of statistics is not self-evident. To work effectively in a speech, they need to be clearly explained and related to the audience.

question

When using statistics in a speech, you should (3 answers)

answer

A) round off complicated statistics. B) identify the sources of your statistics. C) use statistics sparingly.

question

According to your textbook, what type of supporting material would you be using if you quoted Yale physicist Daniel Timbie on the compatibility of the big bang theory with religious philosophies?

answer

expert testimony

question

To restate or summarize a source's ideas in one's own words is to

answer

paraphrase

question

How does the following speech excerpt violate the guidelines for using statistics presented in your textbook? Restaurants are paying more for seafood and top cuts of beef. The price of king crab legs rose $7.07 in the past year, from $8.27 to $15.34. The cost of gulf shrimp rose $2.12, from $12.68 to $14.80. Likewise, the cost of a tenderloin filet rose $9.53, from $15.79 to $25.32. And the cost of a rib eye steak rose $1.94, from $4.16 to $6.10.

answer

This statement drowns listeners in a sea of numbers. Using fewer statistics would be more effective--as would rounding off the price increases rather than citing the exact amounts. Moreover, the source of the statistics is not identified.

question

How does the following speech excerpt violate the guidelines for using supporting materials presented in your textbook? According to a study just released by General Motors, the safety record of automobiles manufactured in the United States is better than it has ever been. As General Motors states, "It's just not fair to say that automakers are not concerned about safety."

answer

General Motors can hardly be considered an objective source on the safety record of the U.S. automobile industry. It may be true that cars made in the United States are safer than ever, but the statement would carry a lot more weight if it came from an impartial, objective source.

question

Identify the four major guidelines discussed in your textbook for using testimony in a speech.

answer

-Quote or paraphrase accurately. -Use testimony from qualified sources. -Use testimony from unbiased sources. -Identify the people you quote or paraphrase.

question

What are the six tips discussed in your textbook for using statistics?

answer

-Use statistics to quantify your ideas. -Use statistics sparingly. -Identify the sources of your statistics. -Explain your statistics. -Round off complicated statistics. -Use visual aids to clarify statistical trends.

question

define supporting materials and three major examples

answer

the materials used to support a speaker's ideas. the three major kinds are examples, statistics, and testimony

question

define example

answer

a specific case used to illustrate or to represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like

question

define brief example

answer

a specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point

question

define extended example

answer

a story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point

question

define hypothetical example

answer

an example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation

question

define statistics

answer

numerical data

question

define mean

answer

the average value of a group of numbers

question

define median

answer

the middle number in a group of numbers arranged from highest to lowest

question

define mode

answer

the number that occurs most frequently in a group of numbers

question

define testimony

answer

quotations or paraphrases used to support a point

question

define expert testimony

answer

testimony from people who are recognized experts in their fields

question

define peer testimony

answer

testimony from ordinary people with first-hand experience or insight on a topic

question

define direct quotation

answer

testimony that is presented word for word

question

define paraphrase

answer

to restate or summarize an author's ideas in one's own words

question

define quoting out of context

answer

quoting a statement in such a way as to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it

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