Medical Terms Ch 13 SCTI – Flashcards
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Agoraphobia
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Irrational fear of open spaces
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Akinesia
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Complete or partial loss of muscle movement
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Anesthesia
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Loss of sensation may be partial or complete
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Anorexia
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Absence of appetite
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Aphagia
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Abstention form eating that results from an inability to swallow
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Aphasia
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Absence or impairment of the ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs, and resulting from a brain dysfunction
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Astigmatism
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Uneven curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye that prevents the sharp focus of an image on the retina
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Bradykinesia
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Abnormal slowness of movement or sluggishness of mental and physical processes
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Brain
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Cerebrum, diencephalon, and cerebellum are all part of this organ
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Central nervous system
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Includes the brain and spinal chord
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Cephalalgia/cephalgia
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Headache
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Cerebral
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Pertaining to the brain
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Cerebral aneurysm
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Localized dilation of the wall of the cerebral artery
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Cerebral contusion
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Bruising of brain tissue as a result of head injury
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Chemoreceptors
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Nerve endings that detect chemicals
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Coma
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A state of unconsciousness from which the patient cannot be aroused
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Craniocele
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A protrusion of the brain through a defect in the skull
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Cranium
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Another term for skull
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Dendrites
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Nerve processes that transport impulses to the cell
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Diplegia
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Paralysis affecting like parts on both sides of the body
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Diplopia
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Double vision
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Electroencephalography
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Recording and analysis of the electrical activity of the brain
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Electromyogram
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The term for a graphic record of the contracting of a muscle as a result of electrical stimulation
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Encephalitis
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Inflammation of the brain
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Encephalomalacia
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Softening of the brain
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Epilepsy
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A recurrent disorder characterized by sudden, brief attacks of altered consciousness, motor activity, or sensory phenomena
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Glaucoma
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An abnormal condition of increased pressure within the eye
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Hemiplegia
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Paralysis of one side of the body
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Homeostasis
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The term for a dynamic equilibrium of the internal environment of the body
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Hydrocephalus
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An increased accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain
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Hyperopia
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Farsightedness
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Lacrimation
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Tearing or crying
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Meninges
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The name of the three membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord
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Meningocele
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Herniation of the meninges
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Multiple sclerosis
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A chronic disease of the central nervous system in which there is progressive destruction of the myelin sheaths of the neurons
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Myelitis
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Inflammation of the bone marrow or inflammation of the spinal cord
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Myelography
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Radiographic inspection of the spinal cord with injection of radiopaque substance
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Myopia
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Nearsightedness
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Narcolepsy
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A chronic ailment of sudden, recurrent attacks of sleep or drowsiness
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Neuralgia
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Pain along the course of a nerve
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Neurasthenia
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A nervous condition characterized by chronic weakness and fatigue
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Neuroglia
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The supportive network of the nervous system
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Neurolysis
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Release of a nerve sheath or relief of tension on a nerve
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Neuron
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Another term for nerve cell
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Neuroplasty
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Surgical repair of a nerve of nerves
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Neurorrhaphy
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Suturing of a cut nerve
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Neurosis
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A large category of psychiatric disorder in which the symptoms are distressing to the person, reality testing is within normal limits, and behavior does not violate gross social norms
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Paraplegia
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Paralysis of the legs and lower part of the body
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Parkinson's disease
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A chronic nervous disease characterized by a fine, slowly spreading tremor, muscular weakness, rigidity, and often a peculiar gate
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Peripheral nervous system
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Part of the nervous system that consists of the various nerve processes and receptors. Connects the brain and spinal cord with receptors, muscles, and glands
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Photoreceptors
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Receptors that detect changes in light
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Psychosis
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The term for any major mental disorder characterized by gross impairment in reality testing and often characterized by inappropriate mood and diminished impulse control
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Pyromania
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Abnormal preoccupation with setting fires or seeing them
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Retinal detachment
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A separation of the retina from the back of the eye
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Retinopathy
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Any disease of the retina
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Semicircular canals
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Structures that enable us to maintain a sense of balance
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Sense organs
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Have receptors that detect sensations
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Subdural hematoma
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Accumulation of blood in the space just beneath the dura mater
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Thermoreceptors
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Nerve endings that detect changes in temperature
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Transient ischemic attack
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Temporary dysfunction caused by impaired blood flow to the brain
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Anticonvulsant
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a drug used to treat or prevent convulsions (as in epilepsy)
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Eustachian
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passageway from the throat to the middle of the ear
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Hypnotic
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a drug that induces sleep
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Neurilemma
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thin membranous sheath around a nerve fiber
