HUMN CH. 10-15 – Flashcards
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Who were the philosopher and what was their relation to Rococo art and culture?
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Francois Boucher, Bathasar Tiepolo, and Jean-Antione Watteau
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What was the result of cross-cultural contact between Europeans and peoples of the South Pacific and China
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European thinkers such as Rousseau and Voltaire thought that China offered a model of exemplary government.
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Great fire of London 1666
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requirements mandating the use of brick and stone over wood were made.
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Absolutism vs liberalism
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Liberalism means To free
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Thomas Paine
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political philosopher and writer best known for "Common Sense" which was the first pamphlet to advocate American independence.
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George Mason
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an American patriot who participated in the American Revolution and the Constitutional Convention and who was influential in penning the Bill of Rights.
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Crispus Attucks
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An African American who has escaped slavery 20 years before dying in the British Massacre
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Paul Revere
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The bloody Massacre, Paul Revere's ride, Revolutionary Propaganda, Resisting taxation without Representation
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Romanticism
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a movement in the arts and literature that originated in the late 18th century, emphasizing inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual.
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Bloody Massacre
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Paul Revere print of the boston massacre, widely distributed, arousing the colonists to even greater resistance, although its depiction of the troops brutally attacking a defenseless crowd misrepresented the facts.
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Who was Karl Marx?
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Middle-class german, believed that capitalism must be eliminated because of its inherent unfairness. Communist Manifesto Creator of Marxism
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Marxism
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The political and economic theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, later developed by their followers to form the basis for the theory and practice of communism.
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Ernest Meissonier
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French Classicist famous for his depictions of Napoleon, his armies and military themes.
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Claude Monet
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Founder of French impressionist, concerned with capturing light and natural forms
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Harriet Beecher Stowe
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American abolitionist and author, Author of Uncle Tom's Cabin
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Frederick Douglass
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Frederick Douglass wrote Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave.
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Sojourner Truth
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a slave who was sold four times before she was 30 and who ultimately became an abolitionist, a suffragette, and a preacher who promoted God's truth and salvation.
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Mark Twain
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American writer, Author of two major classics of American literature: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
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Giuseppe Verdi
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Italian Composer, led the way in politicizing opera compositions
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Timothy O'Sullivan
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shot the photograph A Harvest of Death, Gettysburg, Pa, considered by some as "the most famous photograph" to come out of the American Civil War
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Ralph Waldo Emerson
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A Unitarian minister, chief spokesman for Transcendentalism
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Henry David Thoreau
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American essayist, poet, and practical philosopher, Henry David Thoreau was a New England Transcendentalist, Emerson was mentor, dedicated abolitionist
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Herman Melville
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Celebrated American author Herman Melville wrote 'Moby-Dick' and several other sea-adventure novels
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Who was Charles Dickens?
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English Novelist, Depicted lives of English lower class, leading creator of a new type of prose fiction, literary realism, Advocate reform.
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Madame Bovary - Flaubert
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Wrote Madame Bovary Attacked the Romantic sensibilities Compared his writing to modern scientist, investigating the lives of his characters through careful and systematic observation (realism)
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Nationalism
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loyalty and devotion to a nation, one nation above all others
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Patriotism
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love for or devotion to one's country
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Realism
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The depiction of contemporary life emphasizing fidelity to everyday experience and the facts and conditions of everyday life.
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Slave Narratives in the U.S.
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Abolitionist opposition to slavery only gained momentum in the United States when the American Anti-Slavery Society was established in 1833
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Who wrote an autobiography that provides a compelling account of life under slavery?
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Frederick Douglass
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Uncle Tom's Cabin
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most influential tract of the abolitionist movement that describes the different fates of three slaves from Kentucky. Tells what it really was like as a slave.
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Who issued a scathing indictment of industrial life in Condition of the Working Class in England? a. Alphonse de Lamartine b. Karl Marx c. Friedrich Engels d. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
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B
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Who painted Memory of Civil War, based on his experience as a captain of the Republican Guard defending the Hôtel de Ville in the June Days?
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Ernest Meissonier
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What was Édouard Manet's motivation in creating large-scale, controversial works?
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considered a flâneur, someone determined to shock a bourgeois audience.
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Who composed Rigoletto and believed that opera should be dramatically realistic? a. Giuseppe Verdi b. Jacques Offenbach c. Richard Wagner d. Edwin P. Christy
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A
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Who shot the photograph A Harvest of Death, Gettysburg, Pa., considered by some as "the most famous photograph" to come out of the American Civil War?
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Timothy O'Sullivan
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What did Napoleon III commission Baron Georges-Eugène Haussmann to do?
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Modernize the city of Paris Improved housing and sanitation Increased traffic flow Encouraged growth in the city's shopping districts
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Who painted Impression: Sunrise, which played a significant role in giving Impressionism its name?
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Claude Monet
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What is the French phrase for painting done out of doors? a. en plein air b. ennui c. raison d'être d. vis-à-vis
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A
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What is impressionism? (ART)
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a style of art developed in the last third of the 19th century, characterized chiefly by short brush strokes of bright colors in immediate juxtaposition to represent the effect of light on objects.
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What is impressionism? (music)
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a late-19th-century and early-20th-century style of musical composition in which lush harmonies, subtle rhythms, and unusual tonal colors are used to evoke moods and impressions.
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Walden, or Life in the Woods by Henry David Thoreau was dedicated to what?
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Thoreau viewed it as vulnerable to human encroachment, an insight that proved him far ahead of his time.
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The structure of Renoir's Luncheon of the Boating Party is intended to a. showcase Renoir's skill in color-field technique. b. serve as a forerunner to the subsequent work of Paul Cézanne. c. establish visual relationships that match conversational relationships within the painting. d. capture the "human" element of the middle class.
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C
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What is the impression or attitude of Robert Koehler's The Strike?
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It captures the mood of the workers and their bosses.
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Duke Ellington
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An originator of big-band jazz, an American composer, pianist and bandleader who composed thousands of scores over his 50-year career.
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Louis Armstrong
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Considered one of the most influential artists in jazz history, known for songs "Star Dust," "La Vie En Rose" & "What a Wonderful World."
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Freud
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Father of Psychoanalysis, theory that the mind is complex energy-system, refined the concepts of the unconscious, infantile sexuality and repression, and he proposed a tripartite account of the mind's structure
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Carl Jung
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Founded analytic psychology, proposed and developed the concepts of the extraverted and the introverted personality, archetypes, and the collective unconscious.
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Stravinsky Rite of Spring
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Ballet and Orchestra concert, the avant-garde nature of the music and choreography caused a sensation and a near-riot in the audience.
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Van Gogh - Starry Night
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depicts the view from the east-facing window of his asylum room at Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, just before sunrise, with the addition of an idealized village. Considered Van Gogh's finrest works.
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Picasso, Braque
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Important figures of Modernism, Friends, worked together, invented Cubism which is a new style of painting that shattered traditional forms of artistic representation.
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Matisse
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French artist, Important figure of Modernism, modernism takes place in the light of day, Picasso's in the dark of night, known for both his use of color and his fluid and original draughtsmanship.
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The Bolsheviks
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member of a wing of the Russian Social-Democratic Workers' Party, which, led by Lenin, seized control of the government in Russia(October 1917) and became the dominant political power.
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Salvador Dali
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Spanish artist and Surrealist icon, sense of self-alienation is central to the work, painted The Persistence of Memory(Melting clocks)
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Modernism
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Modernism is a philosophical, cultural, artistic and social movement or school of thought New form of expression
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Surrealism
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A modern movement in art and literature that tries to express the subconscious mind, most basis theme- the self in all its complexity.
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Futurism
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repudiated static art and sought to render what they thought of as the defining characteristic of modern urban life—speed.
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Who wrote the General Principles of Relativity?
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Einstein
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Pablo Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon was notoriously known as what?
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Most famous example of cubism painting
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With whom did Pablo Picasso develop Cubism
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Braque
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Picasso - Girl Before a Mirror
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Considered erotic, Variety of reactions to this painting, cubism, addresses Surrealism's most basis theme- the self in all its complexity, presents himself in it, harlequin design
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Picasso - Guernica
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links the tragedy of Guernica to the ritualized bullfight, portrays a sense of violence and helpless suffering
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The Rite of Spring was written by whom?
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Stravinsky
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Who enjoyed a five-year engagement at Harlem's Cotton Club and performed It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing), introducing the term "swing" to jazz culture?
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Duke Ellington
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With which of the following are the terms "id," "ego," and "superego" most closely associated?
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Sigmund Freud
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Who created Persistence of Memory?
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Salvador Dali
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The Harlem Renaissance
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a cultural, social, and artistic explosion that took place in Harlem, New York, spanning the 1920s, African-American Great Migration, rebirth of African-American arts
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James Joyce - Stream of Consciousness Narrative, Ulysses
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Introduced the stream-of-consciousness narrative through novel Ulysses
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Tom Stoppard
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Czech-born British playwright, Themes of human rights, censorship and political freedom pervade his work along with exploration of linguistics and philosophy. Key playwright of the National Theatre
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Edward Albee
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American playwright, language is a barrier to communication, that speech is almost futile, and that we are condemned to isolation and alienation.
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Samuel Beckett
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Most popular absurdist plays Waiting for Godot, one of the last modernist writers, key figure to Theatre of the Absurd
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Jean Paul Sartre
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Existentialism, humans must define their own essence through their existential being, his work Being and Nothingness outlines the nature of this condition
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Joseph Heller
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work is the novel Catch-22, a satire on war and bureaucracy, whose title has become a synonym for an absurd or contradictory choice.
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Roy Lichtenstein
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Comic-strip paintings, pop art, a conscious parody of Seurat's pointillism, taught "authentic" gesture of abstract expressionism to college students
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Jackson Pollock
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an American painter and a major figure in the abstract expressionist movement, known for his unique style of drip painting
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Andy Warhol
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Realist art, Soup Can, Pop art,
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Gil Scott Heron
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Performer/soul and jazz spoken word poet, influence the development of hip-hop.
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Jean-Michel Basquiat
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A Neo-Expressionist painter, best known for his primitive style and his collaboration with pop artist Andy Warhol.
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Leonard Bernstein
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one of the first American-born conductors to receive worldwide fame. He composed the score for the Broadway musical West Side Story.
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Reverend Martin Luther King
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Baptist minister and social activist, leader of the modern American Civil Rights Movement mid 1950s-1968
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The Guerrilla Girls
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Group of women hanging posters in New York City to draw attention to the problem of sexism and racism within the art world
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Sartre's existential perspective includes only one certainty
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Death
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The Theatre of the Absurd(definition, major play, characteristics):
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a theater in which the meaninglessness of existence is the central thematic concern, No exist was a major play, a sense that language is a barrier to communication, that speech is almost futile, and that we are condemned to isolation and alienation
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Who wrote Waiting for Godot, which features two characters, Vladimir and Estragon, waiting and doing nothing?
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Samuel Beckett
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What might have been the original appeal of the Theater of the Absurd as presented in Waiting for Godot?
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• Waiting for Godot contains stage conventions that were new when the play first appeared; the stage is essentially barren during the entire play. • The play progresses with no progress, forcing the audience to come to terms with the reality of a non-plot. • The play contains no development, no conclusion, and no resolution.
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Which painter is most associated with "action painting"?
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Jason Pollock
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The Beat generation is best described as ?
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sought a heightened and, they believed, more authentic style of life, defined by alienation, nonconformity, sexual liberation, drugs, and alcohol.
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The term "Pop Art" came to refer to art that reflects what?
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Represented reality in terms of the media—advertising, television, comic strips—the imagery of mass culture.
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During the 1960s, which of the following U.S. cities was considered the center of the civil rights movement?
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New York City, Birmingham, Berkeley
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Which of the following artists is most closely associated with a series of paintings of Campbell's Soup cans?
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Andy Warhol
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Which of the following artists is most closely associated with Ben Day dots, which he used to create enlarged comic strips?
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Roy Lichtenstein
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Whose poems contributed to the development of hip-hop?
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Gil Scott Heron
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Who was instrumental in introducing graffiti to the art world?
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Jean-Michel Basquiat
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What event solidified moderate white support for the civil rights movement?
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the bombing of a Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama
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