French Revolution, Napoleon, Nationalism, and Unification – Flashcards
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What were the three causes of the French Revolution?
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a. American Revolution b. Enlightenment Ideas c. Economic Problems
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What were the three events of the French Revolution?
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a. Storming of the Bastille b. National Assembly formation c. The Death/Execution of King Louis XVI
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What were the two outcomes of the French Revolution?
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End of absolute monarchy of Louis XVI and the rise of Napoleon
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What was the class structure in France called? How were people divided?
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The class structure in France was called the estates. They were divided into three estates based mainly on their social classes.
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Where was the Bastille located?
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France
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What happened during the Reign of Terror? Who was in charge of France during this time?
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It was the bloody and radical period after the French Revolution. Maximillian Robespierre was the main leader during the Reign of Terror.
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How was the guillotine used during the French Revolution?
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It was used to execute people during the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror.
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How did Napoleon change France and Europe?
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Napoleon's conquest of Europe was responsible for awakening feelings of resentment towards foreign rule and the desire for independence. It led to the feelings of nationalism.
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Why did the French people like Napoleon?
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Napoleon brought glory and national pride to France, he also continued the ideas of the French Revolution.
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Describe the order of the leaders of France from before the Revolution until 1814.
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Louis XVI➡Robespierre➡ Napoleon
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What was the goal of the Congress of Vienna?
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To ensure the balance of power and to contain French aggression.
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Who led the Congress of Vienna?
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Prince Klemens Von Metternich
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Why did the Congress of Vienna redraw the boundaries of some European countries?
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To encircle France with strong countries
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Describe the philosophy of the Conservatives at the Congress of Vienna.
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They wanted to restore the monarchy
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What three steps happened at the Congress of Vienna?
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a. Steps were taken to ensure a balance of power in Europe b. A new political map of Europe was drawn c. Monarchies were restored in Europe
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Define Nationalism in your own words:
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You love your country and you don't want to foreign rule.
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What encourages the growth of nationalism?
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a. National Pride b. Economic Competition c. Democratic Ideals
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Which political philosophies gained a lot of traction among the commoners between 1815 and 1848?
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Liberalism and Nationalism
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Would you describe the revolution of 1848 as successful? Why or why not?
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The revolution was not successful because after Europe's initial unity, the rebels in the German states and Austrian Empire divided along class and ethnic lines.
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Who unified southern Italy and was responsible for joining it to the north?
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Giuseppe Garibaldi
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Who unified northern Italy?
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Count Cavour
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Who unified Germany?
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Otto Von Bismarck
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Why was the Franco-Prussian War important?
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It led to the creation of the German States
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Papal States
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They were the last states to join Italy because it was in Rome and the Pope continued to fight off Italian troops. Then, the pope gave up and the Papal states unified with Italy.
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What does the phrase "Blood and iron" mean, and who encouraged the philosophy?
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It means that issues can't be decided by means of speeches and majority resolutions, but by using powerful armies with strong nationalist feelings.
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Describe Otto Von Bismarck's beliefs (all of them that we talked about)
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"Tough power politics with no room for idealism" and "Blood and iron."
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Why did Europeans want to explore the world?
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God, Glory and Gold
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Whose crew became the first to sail around the world?
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Magellan
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Who was the first English captain to sail around the world?
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Sir Francis Drake
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Describe the Middle Passage.
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A journey across the Atlantic than enslaved Africans.
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What were some items NOT native to the New World?
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Pig, grapes, olives, horses, and peaches
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Which empire did Pizarro conquer?
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Inca Empire
