question

Name the progressive working class movement of 19th-century England.

answer

Chartism

question

What is the school of thought founded by Adam Smith?

answer

Classical Economics

question

The bourgeoisie who depended on representative assemblies practiced which philosophy?

answer

Classical Liberalism

question

What are the protectionist tariffs that were used in 19th century England called?

answer

Corn Laws

question

This event was a sign of the beginnings of progressive feelings in Russia.

answer

Decembrist Revolt

question

The philosophy that the world is in a state of flux is the _________ of Georg Hegel.

answer

Dialectic

question

Marxism is also known as ___________ determinism

answer

Economic

question

The __________ Assembly was an abortive attempt to unify the German states legislatively.

answer

Frankfurt

question

________ is the predominant nationality in Hungary.

answer

Magyar

question

The Reform Bill of 1832 redistributed and broadened suffrage in England.

answer

true

question

This philosophy was a reaction to the logic of the Enlightenment and was enthralled with moods and emotions.

answer

Romanticism

question

Where was the Italian unification movement centered?

answer

Sardinia

question

_____________ socialism says that the events of history are inevitable and economically motivated.

answer

Scientific

question

Marx's belief that the worker should get the profit from the sale of a product is called ___________ value.

answer

Surplus

question

Which political group became the Conservative Party in England?

answer

Tories

question

The belief that common ownership of property benefits individuals is called ___________ socialism.

answer

Utopian

question

Which political group became the Liberal Party in England?

answer

Whigs

question

This Russian czar is associated with reactionary politics from 1815-1848.

answer

Alexander I

question

This English philosopher, jurist, and social reformer is regarded as the founder of modern utilitarianism;he is also an apostle of "radicalism" in the 19th century.

answer

Jeremy Bentham

question

Louis Jean Joseph Charles _______________ was the best known of the French socialists. He favored reforms and called for the creation of cooperatives in order to guarantee employment for the urban poor.

answer

Blanc

question

Friedrich ______________ is a German philosopher, social scientist, journalist and businessman. He founded Marxist theory together with Karl Marx.

answer

Engels

question

That reality is not static or fixed, but is in a constant historical process of change and development, is an example of the dialectical idealism of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich ______________.

answer

Hegel

question

Who was the foremost leader of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848-1849 and the symbol of Magyar nationalism?

answer

Kossuth

question

The leader of the 2nd French Republic was __________

answer

Louis Napoleon

question

French Citizen-king from 1830-1848

answer

Louis Philippe

question

Adopted as the official philosophy of Soviet Communists, dialectical materialism (a pattern of conflict over money), was the idea of this philosopher.

answer

Marx

question

This Austrian statesman and Minister of Foreign Affairs favored the Holy Alliance.

answer

Metternich

question

Who was the Russian czar who became repressive because of the Decembrist Revolt?

answer

Nicholas I

question

___________ was a British manufacturer turned reformer, and one of the most influential early 19th-century advocates of utopian socialism.

answer

Robert Owen

question

This economist favored the idea of laissez-faire economics/government in his work THE WEALTH OF NATIONS.

answer

Adam Smith

question

The chief cause of the shift in population in England resulting in unequal representation in Parliament before 1832 was the

answer

Industrial Revolution

question

Democracy in England developed chiefly through a process of

answer

gradual evolution

question

An obstacle to German unification in the period from 1815 to 1860 was the

answer

rivalry between Prussia and Austria

question

All of the following areas witnessed revolutions or drastic constitutional changes in 1848 except

answer

Russia

question

Which group gained suffrage as a result of the Reform Bill of 1832?

answer

middle class

question

Which man in England in 1815 could hold public office

answer

Presbyterian landlord

question

Persons who wish to go back to a former state of affairs are called

answer

reactionaries

question

The Congress of Vienna failed to recognize the principles of

answer

nationalism

question

Persons who wish to make progress gradually and legally are called

answer

liberals

question

The Congress of Vienna was dominated by the principles of

answer

legitimacy

question

Which of the following would Metternich oppose most?

answer

freedom of the press

question

Persons who want to bring about complete and rapid changes are called

answer

radicals

question

In 1815, Leeds and Manchester were unrepresented in Parliament because these cities

answer

had not secured a reapportionment of Parliamentary seats In accord with their increase in population

question

The German people are

answer

Protestant in the N & E; Catholic in the S & W

question

Utopian socialists believed in the following except

answer

that the country would best be served by a dictatorial government once an election had been held

question

The basic belief of Karl Marx was that

answer

class struggle existed between property owners and workers

question

In 1820-1831, Austrian armies suppressed revolutions in

answer

Italy

question

The chief professed aim of Marxist Socialists in the latter half of the 19th century was to

answer

abolish private ownership of property and the means of production

question

Classical liberals supported all of the following except

answer

universal manhood suffrage

question

The members of the Quadruple Alliance, as formed at the Congress of Vienna, were Austria, Prussia, and

answer

Russia and England

question

The British Reform Bill of 1832 was passed because

answer

new industrialized population centers were inadequately represented in Parliament

question

To which event would the term coup d'état be correctly applied?

answer

Napoleon's overthrow of the Directory

question

A guiding principle ignored by the diplomats of Vienna was the

answer

satisfaction of nationalism

question

Which of the following statements best describes romanticism?

answer

emphasis on a high degree of emotional subjectivity

question

Great Britain's Reform Bill of 1832 and of 1867 dealt with

answer

extension of the franchise

question

The Metternich System was most seriously challenged by the

answer

revolutions of 1848

question

Which of the following countries exerted a dominant influence on both Germany and Italy as a result of the decisions of the Congress of Vienna?

answer

Austria

question

English government was undemocratic in 1800. One of the reasons was that

answer

most citizens did not have the right to vote

question

A "rotten borough" refers to

answer

an area that had lost population and was over-represented in Parliament

question

The author of the Holy Alliance, by which the rulers agreed to govern according to Christian principles, was

answer

Alexander I

question

Marx drew upon all of the following to develop his theory of politics and history except

answer

ideas of English classical economics

question

As a result of the Reform Bill of 1832 in England, political power shifted from

answer

landed aristocracy to the urban bourgeoisie

question

With which of the following items did the Congress of Vienna concern itself?

answer

all of the above

question

The term most similar to nationalism in meaning is

answer

patriotism

question

Louis Napoleon followed in the footsteps of Napoleon Bonaparte in that Louis Napoleon

answer

established a dictatorial Empire

question

The Reform Bill of 1832 gave political power mainly to the

answer

middle class city people

question

The Reform Bill of 1832 also

answer

abolished rotten boroughs

question

Which did not strengthen nationalism?

answer

the Old Regime (Ancien Regime)

question

"Each individual, bestowing more time and attention upon the means of preserving and increasing his portion of wealth than is or can be bestowed by government, is likely to take a more effectual course than what, in this instance and on his behalf, would be taken by government." This quotation best illustrates which of the following?

answer

classical liberalism

question

The revolutions of 1848

answer

won few victories anywhere

question

Which one of the following was the most successful achievement of the 1848 revolutions?

answer

the permanent abolition of serfdom in Habsburg possessions

question

Nationalism is

answer

feeling that unites people of the same language, history and tradition

question

The Revolutions of 1848 led to the overthrow of

answer

Metternich

question

At different times and in different countries, nationalism has supported conflicting ideals such as democracy and dictatorship. This proves that

answer

nationalists will support that form of government they identify with their country's history and interests

question

In which one of these countries did the Industrial Revolution occur last?

answer

Russia

question

The principal cause of the Industrial Revolution was the

answer

need for more manufactured goods for foreign trade

question

Which of the following was an important POLITICAL result of the Industrial Revolution in England in the 19th century?

answer

suffrage for the middle class

question

Adam Smith pointed out the advantages of

answer

price regulations by the law of supply and demand

question

During the 19th century, which was an important result of the agricultural revolution in England?

answer

the proportion of the population engaged in farming declined

question

In Great Britain, the effects of industrialization first became greatly manifest in the half century following

answer

1780

question

Which of the following is NOT a principle of capitalist economy?

answer

government ownership of major industries

question

The invention of machinery for spinning and weaving benefited the farmer by

answer

increasing the market for his goods

question

The 18th century Enclosure Acts in England resulted in

answer

an increase in the number of landless farmers

question

A chief reason for England's leadership in the Industrial Revolution was her

answer

iron and coal resources

question

The guild system began to decline because

answer

guild regulations retarded business expansion

question

The early Socialists, such as Robert Owen and Charles Fourier, who wished to reform society by establishing social modern communities, were called

answer

Utopians

question

Karl Marx believed in

answer

the economic interpretation of history

question

Which is not one of the beliefs of Marx?

answer

workers conditions will slowly improve under capitalism

question

Which would most accurately describe a person who is in favor of government ownership and operation of industry?

answer

socialists

question

Nationalism has not

answer

existed continuously since ancient times

question

Who would most likely agree with the statement "Citizens are justified in criticizing their government and have a duty to do so."

answer

John Locke

question

The Chartist Movement

answer

collapsed but its demands eventually became law

question

The English Agricultural Revolution was accompanied by all of the following developments except

answer

an increase in available common lands

question

One of Hegel's great contributions was his

answer

theory of the dialectic or irresistible tendency of the mind to proceed by the creation of opposites

question

According to the "Iron Law of Wages" of the classical economists,

answer

as soon as the worker got more than a subsistence wage, he would breed more children who would eat up the surplus

question

Why would Karl Marx not have expected the Communist Revolution of 1917 to take place in Russia?

answer

Russia was largely agricultural

question

What two basic reasons motivated the Revolutions of 1848?

answer

liberalism and nationalism

question

The major incentive(s) to industrialize in Britain was/were

answer

all of the above

question

Before 1848, Marx and Engels could be more accurately described as

answer

a well-educated journalist and a potentially wealthy textile manufacturer

question

Cut down on available common lands for farming in England

answer

Enclosure Laws

AP Euro Unit VI: Europe after the Congress of Vienna – Flashcards

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