Around the World in 180 Days: Europe – Flashcards
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Europe's longest river
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Volga river
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Europe's second longest river
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Danube river
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European country known as the "land of a thousand lakes"
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Finland
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Largest saltwater lake in the world
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Caspian Sea
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Europe's major peninsulas
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Iberian, Apennine, Balkan, Scandinavian, and Jutland.
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Largest mountain system in Europe
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The Alps
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Mountain range dividing Spain and France
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Pyrenees
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Mountain range dividing Asia and Europe
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Ural Mountains
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City set on Seven Hills
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Rome
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River which flows through Paris, France
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Seine
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Country known for its colorful tulip fields
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Netherlands
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Term used when referring to Europe and Asia as one continent
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Eurasia
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Land of Fire and Ice
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Iceland
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Home of Hans Christian Andersen
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Denmark
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World's largest island
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Greenland
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Europe's highest mountain peak
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Mount Elbrus
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Location of the Matterhorn
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It is part of the Alps located on the border between Switzerland and Italy
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Fjord
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A long, narrow inlet of the sea usually with high cliffs
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Tundra
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A treeless, flat, Arctic area of land where there is permafrost.
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Taiga
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Cold forest lands in northern regions
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What countries are included on the Balkan Peninsula?
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Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece, Albania, and European turkey.
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List three major Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Sicily, Crete, Corsica, Sardinia, Cypress.
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Name two straits that run from the Mediterranean Sea
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Gilbraltar and Dardanelles
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What is the name of the highest mountain peak in Greece?
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Mount Olympus
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What is the name of the active volcano on Sicily's eastern coast
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Mount Etna
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Which mountains are called the backbone of Italy?
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The Apennine mountains
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What is the principal River of England?
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Thames River
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Po River is the longest river in what European country?
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Italy
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Which European city was once divided into two parts by a wall?
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Berlin
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What European city is home to the Cathedral of Notre Dame, the Eiffel Tower, and the Louvre Museum?
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Paris, France
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What major European city is located on the Thames River?
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London
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In what European country is the black forest located?
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Germany
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In which European city are the streets actually water canals?
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Venice, Italy
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What is the Riviera and where is it located?
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It is a coastal region located in southern France that is known for its beauty and mild climate. It is a popular Resort destination.
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Name the mountains, the river, and the sea that form Europe's eastern boundary
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The Ural Mountains, the Ural River, and the Caspian Sea
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Where in Europe are the most famous fjords located?
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Norway
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What country occupies most of the Jutland peninsula?
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Denmark
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What countries make up the Scandinavian peninsula?
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Norway and Sweden
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What countries are located on the Iberian Peninsula?
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Spain, Portugal, and Andorra
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What is the Rock of Gibraltar and where is it located?
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Gibraltar is a small peninsula in southern Spain. At its tip is a mountain called the Rock of Gibraltar that juts into the Strait of Gibraltar, the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea.
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The White Cliffs of Dover located? Why are they white?
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The White Cliffs of Dover are located along the coast of England at the strait of Dover. The Cliffs are white because they are formed from chalk.
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What two independent states lie within Italy's borders?
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San Marino and Vatican City
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Helots
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Neither slave nor free, they were serfs of ancient Greece (Sparta).
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Pedagogue
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A slave who accompanied a child to school
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Polis
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A city-state in ancient Greece
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Dictator
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A leader who has absolute rule over a country.
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Barbarians
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Rough, uneducated people
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Patrician
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An aristocrat of ancient Rome
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Plebeian
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The commoners or lower class residents of ancient Rome
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Gladiator
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A man who fought in an arena against other Gladiators or wild animals for entertainment in ancient Rome.
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Eiffel Tower
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France
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Big Ben
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England
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Chalets
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Switzerland
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El Cid
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Spain
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Rugby
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England
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Wooden shoes
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Netherlands
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Flamenco dancers
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Spain
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Notre Dame
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France
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Zeus
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Greece
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St Patrick's Day
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Ireland
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Kilts
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Scotland
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Buckingham Palace
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England
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Coliseum
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Rome, Italy
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Feudalism
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A social system used in medieval Europe in which the peasants worked and fought for the nobles in return for protection and usage of land.
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Renaissance
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revival of learning based on the philosophy of ancient Greeks
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Reformation
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A religious movement begun during the 16th century in the hope of reforming the Roman Catholic Church .
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Baroque
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An elaborate form of art, architecture and music that flourished from the 16th century to the early 18th century
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What were the two most influential early civilizations on the European continent?
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Ancient Greek and Roman civilizations
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What were the two most famous city-states of ancient Greece?
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Athens and Sparta
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What time period marked the Highpoint of Greek civilization?
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Classical age the 400s - 300s BC
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What was the great leader from Macedonia conquered Greece in the 300s BC and became the ruler of Europe's first great Empire?
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Alexander the Great
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What time period marked Roman civilization?
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200s BC to 400s AD
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The early Roman Empire enjoyed approximately 200 years of peace. What is the term for this period of the early Roman civilization?
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The Pax Romana
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What great religion began in Palestine during the height of the Roman civilization?
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Christianity
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There were many reasons for the fall of the Roman Empire, but the physical reason was invasion by several Barbarian tribes from the north. What were the names of some of these tribes, and what areas of Europe did they conquer?
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The Visigoths conquered Italy. The Franks conquered France. The Vandals conquered Spain. The Saxons, Angles, and Jutes conquered Great Britain.
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History records that Rome really fell From within. Briefly explain what this means.
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As the family unit disintegrated, the empire did as well.
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As the Roman Empire fell apart it split into two separate sections. What were these areas called? What was the capital city for each?
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East Roman Empire (or Byzantine Empire) - Constantinople Western Roman Empire - Rome
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What is the name of the time period beginning with the fall of the Roman Empire and ending with the Reformation? Approximately 500 to 1500 ad.
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The Middle Ages (or Dark Ages). Also know as the Medieval Period.
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What sickness caused the death of almost 1/4 of Europe's population during the 1300s?
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The Bubonic Plague or Black Death
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As the feudal system of Europe declined, individual nations begin to take shape. What were the earliest Nations to assume some form of power?
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England, Portugal, France, and Spain
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The great Renaissance took place at the end of the Middle Ages. How long did this period last?
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It lasted for 300 years (Early 1300s to the 1500s)
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Where did the Renaissance begin?
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Italy
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What ancient cultures did the people of the Renaissance try to model themselves after?
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The ancient Greek and Roman civilizations
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What invention of the 1440s helped to spread the ideas of the Renaissance throughout Europe? Who was the inventor?
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The printing press created by Johannes Gutenberg
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What was the first book printed on the new printing press?
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The Bible
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Martyr
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People killed for their religious beliefs
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Catacombs
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Underground passages and rooms used as cemeteries
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Monastery
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A place of residence for a community of monks
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Monk
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A male member of a religious community who lives under strict vows
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Pilgrimage
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A journey made for religious reasons
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Indulgence
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something purchased or earned to reduce the amount of punishment one has to undergo for sins
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Lollards
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Followers of John Wycliffe
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Which Roman Emperor is noted for persecuting Christians?
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Nero
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How long did the persecution of Christians go on in the Roman Empire?
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300 years
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Which Roman Emperor brought an end to the persecution of Christians?
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Constantine I
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What did European Christians do to try to free Palestine from Muslim control?
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They invaded the area in a series of attempts to reclaim it. These wars were called the Crusades
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Who was John Wycliffe? What did he do? What was he often called?
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In the 1300s John Wycliffe spoke out against the Catholic Church's position that only priests could read the Bible. He translated the Bible from Latin into English. This made it possible for the lower classes to read the Bible for themselves. He was often called "The Morning Star of the Reformation."
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Who was responsible for beginning the Protestant Reformation and what was the Protestant Reformation?
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Martin Luther was responsible for beginning the Protestant Reformation after he posted his 95 examples of how the Catholic Church was not following the Bible.
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Opera
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Italy
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Pastries
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Denmark, France
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Sauerkraut
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Germany
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Haute Cuisine
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France
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Windmills
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Netherlands
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Rhapsodies
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Hungary
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Bagpipes
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Scotland
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Leaning Tower
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Italy
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Bull fights
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Spain
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Tulips
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Netherlands
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Fashion
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France
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Pizza and spaghetti
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Italy
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Sound of Music
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Austria
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Oktoberfest
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Germany
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gypsies
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Romania
