Nationalism in Europe Chapter 10 Study Guide – Flashcards
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Congress of Vienna (1815)
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1. legitimacy 2. consempsation, 3. balance power
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Nationalism
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devotion to one's national group, a feeling that people of vein global to and proud of their country, desire by a large group of people
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Elements of Nationalism PG 316
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shared history, shared culture and traditions, shared language, shared religion, shared territory
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Guiseppe Mazzini
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redrew Vienna lines, Young Italy
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Young Italy Movement
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found for unification of separate Italian
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Risorgimiento
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Nationalist newspaper
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Camillo di Cavour
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leader, prime minister of Sardinia, Risorgimento
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Victor Emmanuel II
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Sardinia, first king of a union Italy
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Guiseppe Garibaldi/ Red Shirts
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red shirts- volunteer troops led by Guiseppe, strengthened army, "sword" of Italy
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German Confederation
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following Napoleon's defeat, the leaders at the Congress of Vienna retained that organization but renamed it this
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Zollverein
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taxes off trade between the German
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Otto von Bismarck
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conservation politician, strengthened army
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Realpolitik
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policies based off of interest of Prussia, practical, not idealistic
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"blood and iron"
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uses war to unify Russian
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Austro-Prussian War aka Seven Weeks' War
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Prussia beat Austria in 7 weeks
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Franco-Prussian War
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Prussia won, unification of Germany
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Alsace and Lorraine
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conflict between these two, sparked feelings of nationalism in the south German states
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Treaty of Frankfurt
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end Franco-Prussian War, France gave money, German unified under Kaiser
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Kaiser
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emperor
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Second Reich
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time where Germany prospered
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Kulturkampf
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struggle for culture, struggle between church and government
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Wilhelm II
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after disagreement, he became Kaiser, fired Bismarck as prime minister, made alliances with other European nations and built powerful military forces
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Congress of Troppau
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meeting where the leaders agreed to provide military intervention to support government, against internal revolution
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Compromise of 1867
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an agreement by Francz Joseph I and leaders of the Hungarian nationalist movement created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary
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Dual Monarchy
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ethnic minorities still wanted self-rule, Austria and Hungry
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"the Eastern Question"
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"what would happen if ottoman Empire collapsed?"
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Crimean War
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2 years ended in Stalemate
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Pan-Slavism
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movement that recognized a common ethnic background among the various Slav peoples of Europe and sought to unite those peoples for the achievement of common cultural and political goals
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The Balkan Wars
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two wars that cost the Ottoman Empire all of its European territories except the area around Constantinople
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Congress of Berlin (1878)
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to overturn the gains Russia had made against the Ottomans, gave Austria- Hungary land in the Balkans with no consideration of ethnic or national ties
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Autocracy/autocrat
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government by one ruler
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Emancipation Edict
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freed surfs in Russia
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Decembrist Revolt
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group of revolutionaries called Decembrists refused to go along with the new Czar Nicholas I
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Nicholas I
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new czar during Decembrist revolt, he crushed the rebellion
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Alexander II
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czar of Russia from 1855 to 1851; he freed the Russian serfs and passed other liberal reforms in Russia
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People's Will
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radical group that assassinated czar Alexander II
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Alexander III
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Alexander's son, next czar, he wanted to go back to the way things were in the past, ended reforms of his father
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Pogroms
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the organized persecutions and massacres of Jews in Russia in the 1800s
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Russification
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to make people Russian
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Russo-Japanese War
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Japanese beat Russia, call for change
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Vladimir I. Lenin
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published work supporting over throwing of the czar
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Revolution of 1905
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Russian rebelled against czar - bloody Sunday
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Bloody Sunday
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thousands killed during Revolution of 1905
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Nicholas II
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crowned czar in 1894, ruled as autocrat, industry developed during his reign
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October Manifesto
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Russian revolution promised Russian constitution
