JENNINGS – Europe – Flashcards
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In southeastern Europe are the ___ and ___ Mountains of the former western Soviet states.
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Balkan; Dinaric
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Which two mountain ranges are the eastern extension of the Swiss Alps?
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Balkan and Dinaric
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What is the eastern extension of the Swiss Alps known as?
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Adriatic Coast
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What is the Adriatic Coast also known as?
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Dalmatian Coast
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What kind of topography is exhibited on the Adriatic Coast?
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karst
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topography where the terrain is dominated by limestone bedrock and characterized by rocky ground, caves, sinkholes, underground rivers, and the absence of surface streams and lakes
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karst
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The Carpathian Mountains run from ___ to ___.
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Slovakia; Romania
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Which mountain range runs from Slovakia to Romania?
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Carpathian
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Which peninsula is the eastern-most of Europe's three great peninsulas?
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Balkan
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Which two mountain ranges dominate Russia?
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Ural and Caucasus
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The ___ Mountain Range forms a natural barrier between European Russia and Siberian Russia.
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Ural
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The Urals form a natural barrier between ___ and ___.
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European Russia; Siberian Russia
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What is the highest peak in the Caucasus?
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Mount Elburs
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What is the tallest mountain in Russia and Europe?
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Mount Elburs
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Which mountain range is Mount Elburs located in?
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Caucasus
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What is the second largest country in Europe?
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Ukraine
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Ukraine occupies the ___ portion of the Russian Plain.
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southwest
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Ukraine occupies the southwest portion of the ____.
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Russian Plain
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Which country is landlocked?
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Belarus
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Which plain is Belarus entirely located in?
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Northern European
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What is the second-largest river in Europe?
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Danube
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The Danube River starts in ___ and empties into the ____.
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Germany; Black Sea
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Which river connects the Danube River to the Rhine River?
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Main River
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The Danube River is connected to the ____ River through the Main River.
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Rhine
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What is another name for the Main River?
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Main-Danube Canal
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What is the largest river in Poland?
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Vistula
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The Vistula River is the largest river in ___.
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Poland
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The Vistula River empties where?
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Baltic Sea
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What is the longest river in Europe?
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Volga
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Where is Lake Baikal located?
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Siberia
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What is the oldest lake in the world?
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Lake Baikal
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What is the deepest lake in the world?
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Lake Baikal
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Lake Baikal is also known as what?
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"Galapagos of Russia"
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Why is Lake Baikal known as the "Galapagos of Russia?"
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age, isolation, and all the unusual freshwater marine specimens
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What is the longest river in Ukraine?
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Dnieper River
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large saline water lakes
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limans
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___ are found along the coast of the Dnieper River.
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limans
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What are the largest rivers in Belarus? (six)
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Dnieper, Berezina, Pripyat, Neman, Bug, and Western Dvina
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What is the largest lake in Belarus?
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Lake Narach
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Poland has vast amounts of ___, known as Baltic Gold.
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amber
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The region south of the Northern European plain is called the ___ Region.
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Danube
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Where is the Danube Region located?
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south of the Northern European Plain
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Which three areas make up the Danube Region?
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Hungarian Plain, Carpathian Mountains, and Balkan Mountains
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What are two crops that are supported by the Adriatic Coast?
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grapes and olives
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The ___ Coast can support crops such as grapes and olives.
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Adriatic
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___ Europe, around the Carpathian Mountains, has large quantities of natural gas, oil, and coal.
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Eastern
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South of the Tundra in Russia lies the ___ zone.
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subarctic
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South of the Tundra in Russia lies the subarctic zone where vegetation is ___.
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boreal forest or taiga
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broad expanses of coniferous evergreen trees
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taiga
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There are areas of Russia around the ____ that have a steppe climate and can support the growth of wheat, barley, rye, oats, sunflowers, mint, and beans.
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Black Sea
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There are areas of Russia around the Black Sea that have a ____ climate and can support the growth of wheat, barley, rye, oats, sunflowers, mint, and beans.
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steppe
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the effect of extreme variation in temperature and very little precipitation with the interior portions of a landmass
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continentality
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Which area is known as the Shatter Belt?
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eastern Europe
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Why is eastern Europe known as the Shatter Belt?
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because of the constant political and territorial fighting along cultural and ethnic lines
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What are the three main groups of Eastern Europe?
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Celtics, Germanic, Slavic
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The most famous ethnic conflict started WWI when a ___ nationalist assassinated ___, who was heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, in 1914.
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Serbian; Archduke Franz Ferdinand
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand was heir to which throne?
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Austro-Hungarian
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When was a new map of Europe drawn based on ethnicity, populations, politics, and economic strengths?
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after WWI
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division of regions into smaller hostile regions
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Balkanization
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Which system did the new map of Europe, created after WWI, try to reverse?
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Balkanization
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expelling from a country or genocide of an ethnic group
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ethnic cleansing
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The attempt at reversing Balkanization led to a practice called ___.
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ethnic cleansing
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The different countries of the former Yugoslavia were based mostly on ____.
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ethnic groups
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Russia's history goes back to the ___ farmers of East Europe.
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Slavic
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The Slavic farmers of East Europe created a loose union of city-states called the _____.
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Kievan Rus
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Who ruled the Kievan Rus?
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princes
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Czar Peter I expanded Russia to the ____, giving the country a window on the West.
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Baltic Sea
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Who was ruling Russia when it expanded into Siberia?
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Czar Alexander III
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A Jewish-German philosopher named ___ changed Russia forever with his idea of communism.
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Karl Marx
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public ownership of all land and means of production; a classless society with an equal sharing of wealth
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communism
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Geographically, Europe is made up of which three peninsulas?
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Iberian, Italian, and Balkan
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a body of mountain ranges formed by fault-line activity
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massif
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Which peninsula are the Pyrenees located in?
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Iberian
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The ____ Mountains run down the spine of the Italian Peninsula to the center of the island of Sicily.
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Apennine
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What is Europe's tallest active volcano?
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Mount Etna
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Where is Mount Etna located?
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Sicily
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The Alps were created by the ____ and shaped by ____.
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folding of the Earth's crust; glaciation
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The Alps form a crescent that runs from ___ to ____.
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France; Balkan Peninsula
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What is the highest peak of the Alps?
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Mount Blanc
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Where is Mount Blanc located?
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at the border of France and Italy
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The ___ lie northwest of the mainland.
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British Isles
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Which two large islands make up the British Isles?
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Great Britain; Ireland
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long, steep-sided glacial valley
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fjord
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Valleys in northern Europe are filled with ice cut deep fjords; now filled by ____.
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seawater
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Which two countries are found on the Scandinavian Plain?
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Norway and Sweden
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Norway and Sweden are found on the ____.
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Scandinavian Plain
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__ is on the Jutland Peninsula.
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Denmark
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Denmark is on the ____.
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Jutland Peninsula
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Where is Iceland located?
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North Atlantic
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__ is a geological hotspot with over 200 volcanoes.
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Iceland
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___ marks the boundary between the European and North American continents and sits on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
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Iceland
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Iceland marks the boundary between the European and North American continents and sits on the _____.
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Mid-Atlantic Ridge
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What are the two major rivers on the Iberian Peninsula?
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Tagus and Ebro
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The Tagus and Ebro Rivers are the two major rivers on the _____.
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Iberian Peninsula
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The Tagus begins in ___ and runs 626 miles to the ___.
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Spain; Atlantic
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The ____ Peninsula is home to the Po River.
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Italian
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The Po River starts in the ____ Mountains.
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Apennine
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What is the longest river in Italy?
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Po
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large banks of earth and stone to hold back water; used by the Dutch
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dikes
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low lying area from which seawater has been drained to create new land
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polders
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The Rhone runs through which two countries?
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Switzerland and France
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The Rhone River flows directly into the ____.
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Mediterranean Sea
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The Danube River runs through ___.
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Germany
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The Danube River empties into the ___.
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Black Sea
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What is the longest river in Iceland?
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Thjorsa
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The ___ River in Finland harnesses the Klar-Gota River for hydroelectric power.
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Kemi
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The Alps separate into two major climate zones: ___ climate to the north and ___ climate of Italy and the Balkans.
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marine west coast; warm Mediterranean
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Portugal has a large deposit of ___.
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copper
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What are three resources found in Spain?
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coal, tin, and tungsten
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Why does Northwestern Europe have a generally mild climate?
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the North Atlantic Current brings warm, tropical air from the Caribbean
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dry winter winds that blow down from the mountains
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foehns
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For the most part, Northwestern Europe has a ___ climate with vegetation such as ___ and ____ trees.
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marine west coast; deciduous; coniferous
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The ___ of Ireland serve as fuel, especially in rural country sides.
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peat bogs
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vegetable matter found in swamps, once dug up and chopped into blocks then dried, once dried it can be burned as fuels
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peat
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What is the world's second-largest natural gas exporter?
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Norway
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Most of Iceland's energy needs are filled by ___ energy.
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geothermal
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utilizes Earth's heat energy and converts it to electricity
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geothermal energy
