The Enlightenment:Pre-Test – Flashcards
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What sparked the English Civil War in the 1600s?
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The English monarch clashed with Parliament leaders.
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How did the English Civil War affect the Enlightenment?
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The English Civil War caused many people to question the role of government, which sparked the imagination of Enlightenment thinkers.
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One of Baron de Montesquieu's key ideas was
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creating checks and balances.
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Which three topics became a major focus of the Enlightenment?
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authority, rights, responsibility
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Which statement best characterizes the ideas of John Locke?
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People are naturally reasonable.
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Which movement happened last in Europe?
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the Enlightenment
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Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Thomas Hobbes?
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People are naturally selfish and violent.
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Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
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Governments create unequal societies.
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In France, philosophes discussed Enlightenment ideas in
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salons.
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Which list states events of the Enlightenment in the correct order?
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i. The English Civil War comes to an end. ii. Locke builds on the ideas of Hobbes. iii. Montesquieu publishes Spirit of Laws. iv. Rousseau publishes The Social Contract.
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The Enlightenment occurred during
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1600's to 1700's
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The Enlightenment thinkers questioned traditional ideas about
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government
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The major focus of the Enlightenment were these three things
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authority, rights, and responsibility
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The movement that happened last in Europe was
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The Enlightenment
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This sparked the English Civil War in the 1600's
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The English monarch clashed with the Parliament leaders.
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How did the English Civil War affect the Enlightenment?
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it caused people to question the role of government, which sparked the imagination of Enlightenment thinkers.
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English thinkers rejected the concept of
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absolutism
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Thomas Hobbes
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wrote The Leviathan in 1651
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The statement that best characterizes the ideas of T. Hobbes
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People are naturally selfish and violent
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In John Locke's Second Treatise of Government, " ...the end of the law is not to abolish or restrain, but ot preserve and enlarge freedom. For in all the states of created beings, capable of laws, where there is no law, there is not freedom."
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The quote supports Locke's idea that that there is a social contract between people and government.
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John Locke's ideas are best characterized by
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People are naturally reasonable
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A difference between Hobbes and Locke was that
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Hobbes believed life without government was difficult, while Lock believed that people have the right to rebel
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The statement that best characterizes the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau is
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Governments create unequal societies
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The events of the Enlightenment
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1. English Civil war comes to an end 2. Locke builds on the ideas of Hobbes 3. Montesquieu publishes Spirit of Laws 4. Rousseau publishes The Social Contract
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Baron De Montesquieu was an Enlightenment philosopher from what country
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France
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One Of Baron de Montesquieu's key ideas was
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creating checks and balances
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An effect of the Enlightenment in the 1700's was
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a rise in support for representative gov't
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In France, philosophes discussed Enlightenment ideas in
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salons
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The political effects of the Enlightenment was that
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some monarchs embraced new ideas from the movement
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Many Enlightenment ideas were incorporated into
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the founding documents for the United States
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1600's and 1700's
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When did the Enlightenment movement occur?
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They questioned ideas about government.
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What did Enlightenment thinkers question?
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Authority, rights, and responsibility.
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What three topics became a major focus of the Enlightenment?
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the Enlightenment
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What movement was last to occur in Europe?
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The English monarch clashed with Parliament leaders.
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What sparked the English Civil War in the 1600's?
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The English Civil War caused many people to question the role of government, which sparked the imagination of Enlightenment thinkers.
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How did the English Civil War affect the Enlightenment?
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A system of government in which a ruler holds total power.
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What is absolutism?
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Absolutism
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Enlightenment thinkers rejected what concept?
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The Leviathan
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What did Thomas Hobbes write in 1651?
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People are naturally selfish and violent.
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How did Thomas Hobbes characterize people?
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He believed that people had the natural ability to govern their own affairs and to look after the welfare of society. He favored the idea of self government.
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What did John Locke believe?
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People are naturally reasonable.
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How did John Locke characterize people?
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Hobbes believed life without government was difficult, while Locke believed people have the right to rebel.
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What was one difference between the ideas of Hobbes and Locke?
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A French political philosopher whose major work, The Spirit of Laws, was a major contribution to political theory.
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Who was Montesquieu?
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He wanted to create checks and balances.
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One of Montesquieu's key ideas was the creation of what?
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They are ways to make sure no one has too much power.
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What are checks and balances?
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He was an Enlightenment thinker who wrote The Social Contract which said that government is a contract between rulers and the people.
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Who was Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
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Governments create unequal societies.
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What did Jean-Jacques Rousseau think about governments?
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The English Civil War comes to an end. Locke builds on the ideas of Hobbes. Montesquieu publishes Spirit of Laws. Rousseau publishes The Social Contract.
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List the four major events of the Enlightenment movement in order.
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Salons
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In France, where did philosophies discuss Enlightenment ideas?
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There was a rise in support for representative government.
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In the 1700's, what was an effect of the Enlightenment?
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Some monarchs embraced new ideas from the movement.
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What was a political effect of the Enlightenment?
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The founding documents for the United States.
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Where were many of the ideas of Enlightenment later incorporated?
