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What is true of the Industrial Revolution?

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The distribution of wealth and power generated by the Industrial Revolution was uneven.

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Great Britain's rapid population growth in the eighteenth and nineteenth century was due mainly to

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Widespread resistance to disease and increased food supplies

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The planting of new crops led to a second agricultural revolution in western Europe. In Great Britain, in particular, this led landowners to

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Enclose their lands and force tenant farmers and sharecroppers off the land

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As a result of the Industrial Revolution, by the early 18th century,

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A consumer economy began emerging in all of western Europe

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In comparison to other European nations in the 1790s, the aristocracy in Great Britain

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Was generally less powerful and not as centralized

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Which of the following is an accurate statement of Great Britain in the eighteenth and early nineteenth century?

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In Great Britain more people were involved in production for export, trade, and finance than in any other major country.

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As in Great Britain, most nations on the continent focused their first industrial enterprises on

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Cotton cloth

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Some early industrialists, such as Josiah Wedgwood, mastered the mass production of goods through

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The use of division of labor in their factories

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One important byproduct of Watt's perfection of Newcomen's steam engine was that

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It led to an increase in the need for coal miners in Great Britain

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The most dramatic environmental changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution

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Occurred in urban areas

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Which of the following is true of industrial work in the first half of the nineteenth century?

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Most industrial jobs were unskilled, boring, and repetitive

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The idea that government should refrain from interference in business, except to protect private property is known as

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Laissez faire

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One major impediment to Chinese industrialization in the early nineteenth century was

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A conservative elite

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In the early seventeenth century, the rivalry among European powers intensified when

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The Dutch began an assault on American and Asian colonies belonging to Spain and Portugal

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Which of the following is true of seventeenth and eighteenth century warfare in Europe?

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The cost of wars led nation after nation into fiscal crises.

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John Locke, and English political philosopher argued that

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The people had a right to rebel when the monarch violated their natural rights.

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Though willing to embrace Enlightenment ideals when they served royal interests, the monarchs of Europe

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Suppressed or banned radical ideas that promoted republicanism or directly attacked religion

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In addition to being an inventor and a writer, Benjamin Franklin was also

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An important actor in the political debate that would lead to the American Revolution

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The Proclamation of 1763

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Tried to create a barrier between English and Amerindian settlements

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The English colonists commonly protested increased taxation by

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Boycotting the goods being taxed

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Prior to 1789, French society was divided into estates. The largest of these was the

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Third Estate

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In addition to undergoing a financial crisis in the period from 1785 - 1789 France

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Experienced poor harvests and famine

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The most uncompromising democrats in the French Revolution were the

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Jacobins

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The beginning of revolution in France resulted in

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War with Austria and Prussia in support of the French monarchy

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Which group lost social, economic, and political standing with the rise of Napoleon?

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Women

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Napoleon needed to suppress the revolution in Haiti because

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Haiti was the richest colony that France possessed.

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One way that Muhammad Ali solidified his power in Egypt was

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By limiting the power and wealth of the mamluks

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In the first half of the nineteenth century, the most opposition to reform in the Ottoman Empire came from

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The Janissaries

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The Tanzmiat reforms of the ottoman Empire

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Were attempts at westernizing

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One reason that Great Britain and France aided the Ottoman Empire against Russia in the Crimean War was that

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They feared Russia would challenge them in India

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One similarity between the Civil War in the United States and the Crimean War is that they both

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Were part of the transition from traditional warfare to modern warfare

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Which of the following is true of Russia in the nineteenth century?

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Russia's government had little interest in industrialization until late in the nineteenth century

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The greatest of Tsar Alexander II's reforms was

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Freeing the serfs

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Unlike the Ottoman Empire, which had faced the threat of napoleon and his army, the Qing rulers of China

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Faced rebellions led by displaced indigenous persons and the poor

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The treaty system that was established in China at the end of the Opium War

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Resulted in the eventual colonization of small pockets of Qing territory

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Which of the following is true of the Taiping Rebellion?

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The Qing government easily defeated the taipings and executed their leader.

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In comparison with the Ottoman Empire and Russia, China in the nineteenth century was

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Relatively isolated from the geostrategic tug-of-war between European powers

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One of the issues that led to revolution in Latin America in the early nineteenth century was

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Frustration over the political and economic power of colonial administrators

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In Venezuela, in 1811, a junta of creoles declared independence from Spain. Their main goal was

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To expand their own rights and privileges by eliminating Spaniards from the upper levels of the government

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Simon Bolivar realized that an effective revolution in northern Latin America would require

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Building coalitions of people in the region

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After several attempts at achieving independence, Mexico finally became free from Spain in 1821. The new government, under Agustin de Iturbide, was

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Conservative and monarchical

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Unlike its neighbors, Brazil gained independence in 1822

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As a monarchy under Pedro I, the heir to the Portuguese throne

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Which of the following was a stumbling block to the creation of constitutional government in Latin America

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Limiting the power of the military

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Which of the following was true of British North America in comparison to Spanish Latin America regarding independent government?

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Residents of British North America had more experience with voting and holding office than did the residents of Spanish colonies

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The US president Andrew Jackson and Jose Antonio Paez of Venezuela

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Were personalist leaders who relied on their mass following

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After independene, one of the biggest threats to new nations of the Americas was

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regionalism

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In the latter half of the 19th century, the indigenous people of Argentina and chile

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Faced problems similar to those experienced by the indigenous people of the United States

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In the Caribbean, slavery

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Lasted longer in Cuba and Puerto Rico

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Like the United States in the late nineteenth century, Latin America

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Experienced a large increase in immigration from Europe

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In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the progress toward equality between men and women

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Was equally slow in the United States Canada, and Latin America

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