question

Since he entered puberty, Barry has been staying awake late at night and craving sleep in the mornings. His parents should realize that this:

answer

is due to hormonal shifts.

question

Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with anorexia nervosa?

answer

close to normal weight

question

Marsha says, "There is no way I am going to school today with this bruise on my cheek. Everybody is going to laugh at me." Marsha is demonstrating:

answer

her belief in an imaginary audience.

question

Which term refers to the ability to begin with specifics, such as accumulated facts, and then make general conclusions?

answer

inductive reasoning

question

Garry is taking a weight-lifting class in high school. The weights he lifts should:

answer

match his size from the previous year.

question

Studies indicate that adolescents worldwide share this problem.

answer

They are dissatisfied with their bodies.

question

Which pair of nutrients is MOST likely to be lacking in the adolescent diet?

answer

iron and calcium

question

Most adolescents think about themselves:

answer

frequently

question

Researchers predict that if PISA scores in the United States rose by 25 points, the result could mean an increase of _____ in the nation's Gross Domestic Product over an 80-year time span.

answer

$40 trillion

question

Middle school typically includes grades:

answer

six to eight.

question

A strategy to increase student motivation in middle schools is to encourage a belief in:

answer

the incremental approach to learning.

question

Research has shown that adolescents tend to apply formal logic:

answer

in some situations but not in others.

question

A thought that arises through a "feeling" that the thought is right is referred to as a(n) _____ thought.

answer

intuitive

question

During adolescence, the _____ matures before the _____ in the brain.

answer

limbic system; prefrontal cortex

question

The day-night cycle that occurs approximately every 24 hours is the:

answer

circadian rhythm.

question

The biological events that begin puberty involve a hormonal signal from the:

answer

hypothalamus.

question

Typically, the adolescent who will probably find puberty MOST difficult is:

answer

Katya, an early maturer.

question

One of the first signs of the growth spurt is:

answer

growth of fingers and toes.

question

What-if propositions require:

answer

hypothetical thought.

question

For girls, the usual sequence of physical changes in puberty is:

answer

nipple growth, the growth spurt, and menarche.

question

In the twenty-first century, early puberty positively correlates with:

answer

aggression and antisocial behavior in boys.

question

Which gland(s) receive(s) signals directly from the hypothalamus?

answer

pituitary

question

For boys, the usual sequence of physical changes in puberty is:

answer

growth of the testes; initial pubic hair growth; growth of the penis; spermarche.

question

One of the most prominent aspects of adolescent thought is the ability to:

answer

think in terms of possibilities.

question

The period when children's bodies become adultlike is called:

answer

puberty

question

For boys, the event that most closely parallels menarche is:

answer

spermarche

question

The term imaginary audience refers to adolescents':

answer

belief that everyone is watching their behavior and appearance.

question

Josefina is obsessed with her weight. She sometimes eats a whole package of Oreos at once and then makes herself vomit. Josefina is of normal weight, but she constantly has heartburn. She MOST likely suffers from:

answer

bulimia nervosa.

question

Bill noticed that he has some pubic hair. According to the usual sequence of puberty, his next growth event will probably be:

answer

his penis growing longer and wider.

question

Three different girls tell Brian that Titanic is their all-time favorite movie. He concludes that all girls love that movie. Brian has just used:

answer

inductive reasoning.

question

Fifteen-year-old Latrina has a 10 P.M. curfew. She asks her parents to extend her curfew to 11 P.M. on weekends. When her parents ask her why, Latrina replies, "I've never been late for my 10 P.M. curfew. You can trust me. Can we at least give it a try?" This is an example of what kind of thinking?

answer

analytical

question

Elle, an adolescent, believes that government should pay for all citizens' health care. From this premise, she reasons about the particulars of how and why government-funded health care would work. This is an example of:

answer

deductive reasoning.

question

Over the past decade, the percentage of adolescents that consumed the recommended three or more servings of vegetables daily has:

answer

decreased

question

As the United States moves increasingly toward high-stakes testing:

answer

other nations are moving away from it.

question

José enjoys sports, especially running. As an adolescent, he has the potential to become a star athlete. Which pair of influences will be MOST beneficial to him in reaching his full potential?

answer

changes in myelination in his brain and the guidance of an experienced coach

question

The recommended daily dose of calcium is _____ milligrams; most teens consume less than _____ milligrams per day.

answer

1300; 500

question

Klaczynski's research found that logical thinking improved with age and education, but not with:

answer

measurements on intelligence tests (IQ).

question

Spreading insults and rumors by means of e-mails, text messages, or Web postings is called:

answer

cyberbullying.

question

Define menarche.

answer

Girl's first menstrual period/ovulation.

question

Define spermarche.

answer

Boy's first ejaculation of sperm/production.

question

Puberty begins in the hypothalamus pituitary _____ and ____ axes.

answer

adrenal, gonad.

question

Define the secular trend.

answer

Each generation has experienced puberty a few weeks earlier, and has grown a centimeter or so taller than preceding years.

question

What happens to girls when puberty begins early?

answer

Self esteem decreases, depression increases, and they develop poor body image.

question

What happens to boys when puberty begins early?

answer

Aggression increases, more likely to break the law, abuse used of alcohol.

question

What happens to girls when puberty begins late?

answer

Seen as physically attractive, sociable, leaders at school.

question

What happens to boys when puberty begins late?

answer

More anxious, depressed, and afraid of sex.

question

Define Piaget's formal operational thought.

answer

More systematic logic and ability to think about abstract ideas.

question

Define Piaget's hypothetical thought.

answer

Reasoning that includes propositions and possibilities that may not reflect reality; scientific thinking develops.

question

Define deductive reasoning.

answer

Drawing conclusions based on a given theory, regardless of what the real answer may be.

question

Define adolescent ego centrism.

answer

Leads young people to focus on themselves to the exclusion of others.

question

What does adolescent egocentrism include?

answer

Personal fable, invincibility fable, and imaginary audience.

question

Define personal fable.

answer

one's thoughts, feelings, or experiences are unique, more wonderful or awful. Ex: "no one understands my breakup."

question

Define invincibility fable.

answer

Cannot be overcome or even harmed by anything that might defeat a normal, such as unprotected sex, drug abuse, or high-speed driving.

question

Define imaginary audience.

answer

The other people who, an adolescent believes, are watching and taking note of his or her appearance, ideas, or behavior. Ex: I can't go to school with this pimple on my face.

question

What're the critiques of Piaget's formal operations?

answer

1. We're not all as logical as Piaget thinks we are 2. We may not reach formal operations 3. There may be more beyond formal operations 4. Affected by schooling

question

Define identity achievement.

answer

Explored identity; high commitment and high level of exploration.

question

Define moratorium.

answer

Exploring without commitment; low level of commitment and high level of exploration.

question

Define identity foreclosure.

answer

High commitment but little exploring; finishing early.

question

Define identity diffusion.

answer

Don't want to explore; low commitment, low exploration.

PSYC 160: Ch. 9 – Flashcards

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