Chapter 8 Practice Test – Flashcards
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Different theorists conceptualize intelligence differently, but most agree that intelligence:
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Involves many different cognitive processes
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Four high school teachers have just learned that one of their students, Ralph, has scored extremely well on an intelligence test. Which teacher reveals a belief in the concept of g in intelligence?
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Mr. Grant says, "Ralph has trouble remembering basic math facts, but he's very good when it comes to solving challenging math problems."
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Max is quite skilled in cartography, the art of making maps. Without knowing anything else about Max, in which of Gardner's multiple intelligences would you expect him to be strong?
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Spatial
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Robert is a 15-year-old boy who has attended U.S. schools since he began kindergarten at age 5. With this fact in mind, identify the task that is most likely to require Robert's fluid intelligence rather than his crystallized intelligence.
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Solving a new kind of puzzle
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The original purpose of intelligence tests is still their main purpose today—that is, to:
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Identify children who may require special services or interventions
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Which one of the following statements best reflects Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence?
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Intelligent behavior is a function of how well people draw on prior experiences and cognitively process information in order to adapt to a new situation.
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Three days a week, 8-year-old Erica meets with a tutor after school to help her with her reading and writing skills. If you wanted to know how much Erica is benefiting from the tutoring, you would most likely use:
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A dynamic assessment instrument
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Which one of the following tasks are you least likely to see on the Bayley Scales?
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A multiplication word problem
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Judging from what you have learned about how intelligence is typically measured, which one of the following would you be least likely to find on an intelligence test?
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How many friends do you have?
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Twin studies show that monozygotic (identical) twins who are raised in separate homes have similar IQ scores. Such evidence:
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Suggests that intelligence is partly influenced by heredity
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Poor nutrition is a problem for many children who live in poverty. Which one of the following situations is likely to be associated with poor nutrition?
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Jill appears to have trouble remembering things and does not seem motivated to achieve in school.
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Which one of the following statements best reflects most psychologists' current views about the relative effects of heredity and environment on intellectual development?
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Determining the relative effects of heredity versus environment may ultimately be impossible.
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Researchers have discovered that gender differences in various cognitive abilities are due to three of the following. Which one is not a likely source of gender differences?
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Differences in forehead shapes of boys versus girls
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Which one of the following items on an intelligence test is most likely to have cultural bias?
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Croquet is to mallet as golf is to _______.
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On average, how do children who are gifted compare to their peers in social and emotional development?
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They tend to be above average in social development, and most are emotionally well adjusted.
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When a group of children were given the WISC-IV in January and again in April, their scores tended to be quite similar on both occasions. Such a result indicates that the WISC-IV:
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Has good reliability
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Which one of the following is the best example of an adaptive behavior, as the term is used in the identification of intellectual disabilities?
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Ability to remember and follow normal classroom routines
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Three of the following elementary school teachers are using strategies that are appropriate for students with intellectual disabilities. Which teacher is not using an appropriate strategy?
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Ms. Connors keeps a close eye on students and gives them instructions at least once every five minutes.
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Which one of the following is a correct interpretation of a high school student's IQ score of 115?
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The student has performed better on an intelligence test than the majority of students of the same age.
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In addition to low general intelligence and poor academic performance, what other characteristic must be present to classify a child as having an intellectual disability?
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Difficulty functioning in age-appropriate ways in the social environment
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Studies of monozygotic (identical) twins who are raised in the same home are more similar in IQ than twins who are raised in different homes. Such evidence:
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Suggests that intelligence is partly influenced by environmental factors
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Three of the following statements about the effects of heredity and/or environment on intelligence are accurate. Which one is not accurate?
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Biologists working in the Human Genome Project have recently identified the chromosome that carries the "intelligence" gene.
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Researchers have suggested a variety of explanations for why children from lower socioeconomic status (SES) families often perform less well on IQ tests and in school than their higher SES counterparts. Three of the following are common explanations. Which one is not?
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In general, parents in low-SES families don't appreciate the importance of a good education.
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Which one of the following is a legitimate reason for not relying solely on intelligence tests when identifying students who are gifted?
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Because traditional tests are based on mainstream Western culture, children from ethnic minority groups may be overlooked.
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The teacher of a sixth grade class is concerned about the poor academic performance of a 12-year-old student named Nancy. The teacher looks through Nancy's school records and discovers that Nancy got an IQ score of 80 when she took an intelligence test in preschool. Considering the textbook's discussion of IQ scores, the teacher should conclude that:
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Nancy's IQ score in preschool is not necessarily a good reflection of her capability in sixth grade.
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Two years ago Sean took an intelligence test and earned a score of 99. Recently he took the same test and earned a score of 102. Yet at school Sean earns straight-A grades, and his teachers consider him to be an outstanding student. Given what you've learned about intelligence tests and IQ scores, choose the most likely explanation for the apparent discrepancy between Sean's IQ score and school performance.
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Sean probably gets support for academic achievement from family and friends and is motivated to do well at school.
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Which one of the following teachers is using a strategy that reflects the concept of distributed intelligence?
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Mr. Chinn encourages his students to use their calculators when solving algebraic word problems.
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Within the context of Vygotsky's perspective of cognitive development, why do students who are gifted often not benefit from regular classroom instruction?
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Because they aren't working within their zone of proximal development
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Lily is ten years old. She gets a score of 97 on an IQ test. What does this tell us about her intellectual ability?
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Lily's score is fairly average for her age group.
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Marissa seems to be a "born leader." As president of the school service club, she can often persuade her classmates to get involved in school and community service activities. Given this information, we could conclude that Marissa has a strength in which one of Gardner's multiple intelligences?
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Interpersonal
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Sam is a very talented dancer; he also shows considerable creativity in art class. He finds math and science classes very difficult, but he loves to read and tell stories to his many friends. Which view of intelligence is best reflected in Sam's abilities?
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Gardner's multiple intelligences
