Chapter 4 – Buddhism – Flashcards
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Siddhartha Gautama is the name of
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he person who became known as the Buddha.
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he basic outlook on life, formulated by Buddhism, is contained in
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the Four Noble Truths
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One of the essential Buddhist teachings is
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everything is changing.
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In regard to the common belief in a permanent soul, the Buddha seems to have taught that
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there is none.
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Buddhism began in
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India.
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Nirvana seems to come from a word that means
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blow out.
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A major goal of Buddhism is
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inner peace
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Buddhism developed into several branches. The branch that spread into Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia is
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Theravada.
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Literally, Mahayana means
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big vehicle.
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A person of great compassion, willing to be reborn constantly to help others, is called
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bodhisattva.
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The essential collection of sacred books of Buddhism is called
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Tripitaka (Tipitaka).
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Tradition holds that which relative of the Buddha died soon after the birth of the Buddha?
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mother
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Zen comes from a word that means
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meditation
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The ideal of the Theravada branch is the
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arhat (arahat).
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Tibetan Buddhism includes elements of
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shamanism
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The general name for that category of books that is said to give the words of the Buddha is
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sutra
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The unconditioned state of reality that is the highest goal of Buddhism is called
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nirvana.
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The dissatisfaction and sorrow that life brings is called
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dukkha
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Tibetan Buddhism
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makes great use of ritual.
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Buddhism came to Tibet from
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India
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In Tibetan Buddhism, a vajra is frequently used together with
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a bell
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The Chan/Zen virtues are especially
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intuition and naturalness.
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Regarding his social class, the Buddha was
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an aristocrat.
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The school of Chinese and Japanese Buddhism, which sees the Buddha as a divine savior, whose name the believer must constantly repeat with devotion, is
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Pure Land.
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Concerning words, Zen stresses that words are
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not adequate.
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What is most important in Zen is
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enlightened awareness.
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A koan is
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a question.
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The type of beauty that Zen particularly values emphasizes is
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simplicity.
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The Buddha of the Western Paradise is
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Amitabha.
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The name for the Buddhist community of monks and nuns is
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sangha.
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To lessen suffering, the Buddha recommended
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lessening desire.
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Buddhism focuses especially on
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maintaining inner peace.
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The Buddha opposed
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the caste system.
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The Buddha lived about this time.
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fifth century b.c.e.
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The Indian ruler who spread Buddhist teaching widely was
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Ashoka
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Vinaya refers to
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a collection of rules for monks and nuns.
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Vimalakirti was
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a rich but compassionate and wise layman.
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The "Sutras on the Perfection of Wisdom" have what Sanskrit name?
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Prajnaparamita
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In China, Buddhism was sometimes criticized because
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monks and nuns had no children.
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In China, the various Mahayana sects tended to blend. But they have remained separate in
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Japan.
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The Japanese monk who studied in China and established Shingon Buddhism in Japan was
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Kukai (Kobo Daishi).
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Zen traces itself back to a legendary founder named
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Bodhidharma.
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Besides Tibetan Buddhism, another form of Vajrayana Buddhism is
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Shingon Buddhism.
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Elements of Buddhism, as interpreted in Japanese woodblock prints, influenced which artist?
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Vincent Van Gogh
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The Buddha was particularly troubled by the problem of
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suffering and death.
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Enlightened awareness in Zen is called
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satori.
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An essential practice in Zen is
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manual labor
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A key practice of Nicheren Buddhism is
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a chant to the Lotus Sutra.
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Tendai Buddhism is known for
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systematizing varied Buddhist teachings into a progressive hierarchy.
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An important practice in Shingon Buddhism is
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a fire ritual with historic links to the Vedic fire ceremony.
