Question 1

Brad knows that he sometimes loses his temper and gets angry at his friends. What aspect of self-definition is he developing?

Accepted Answer

A real self

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a common reaction of children of divorce?

Accepted Answer

Happiness that the parents\' fighting is over

Question 3

Which kind of parent tends not to set rules, but allows children to monitor their own behavior?

Accepted Answer

permissive

Question 4

Which of the following elements is NOT included by Robert Sternberg in his triarchic theory of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Conceptual

Question 5

The main determinant of the success of joint custody is

Accepted Answer

The amount of conflict between parents.

Question 6

A child is told that Bob is older than Sally, and Sally is older than Fred. When asked \"Who is older, Bob or Fred?\" the child replies, \"Bob\". This child is demonstrating ____ ____ ability.

Accepted Answer

Transitive inference

Question 7

Studies that have been done on TV violence and aggressive behavior in young children have shown that

Accepted Answer

Children, especially those from families where harsh discipline is used, are more vulnerable to TV violence.

Question 8

According to traditional social learning theory, children acquire gender roles by observing models. Children then

Accepted Answer

pick models that are powerful and nurturing.

Question 9

The practice of promoting children who do not meet grade-level academic standards is called ___ promotion, and there continues to be disagreement about the effectiveness of its practice.

Accepted Answer

social

Question 10

Social learning theory would predict that a boy\'s peers will provide

Accepted Answer

reinforcement for gender-typed behavior

Question 11

The most prevalent chronic illness in childhood is

Accepted Answer

asthma

Question 12

According to Kohlberg, children learn their gender through

Accepted Answer

their own active mental classification and organization of behavior.

Question 13

Resilient children are most likely to be all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

experiencing a challenging situation or frustrating problem for the first time

Question 14

Factors that have consistently been related to prosocial behavior include

Accepted Answer

age of the child

Question 15

The criterion most commonly used to identify gifted children eligible for special programs is

Accepted Answer

IQ scores

Question 16

The most common mnemonic strategy aiding both children and adults is the use of

Accepted Answer

external memory aids

Question 17

Disorders that interfere with specific aspects of school achievement are called

Accepted Answer

learning disabilities

Question 18

Carnia has been placed in a school program for gifted children. She was probably selected because she

Accepted Answer

has a high IQ

Question 19

The judgment children make about their overall worth is their

Accepted Answer

self-esteem

Question 20

The more bilingually proficient children are, the more

Accepted Answer

their cognitive and linguistic achievement.

Question 21

Since people often become hostile when someone acts aggressively toward them, a hostile attribution bias may become a

Accepted Answer

self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 22

Billy\'s mother has sent him to the store to buy eggs, bread, and milk. To remember these items, Billy repeats their names. He is using ___ to remember the items

Accepted Answer

rehearsal

Question 23

Brian is shown a picture with two cows and four horses in it. When he is asked if there are more horses or animals in the picture, Brian replies that there are more animals. Brian is demonstrating the classification ability of

Accepted Answer

class inclusion

Question 24

Jessica imitates her mother\'s gestures, speech, and behaviors. Which of the following terms describes this?

Accepted Answer

identification

Question 25

Which parenting style seems to promote the development of intrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

Authoritative

Question 26

The skills involved in developing metacognition include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

improving spelling

Question 27

Krista suffers from asthma that frequently keeps her out of school and limits her participation in physical activities. Which of the following is NOT a potential risk factor?

Accepted Answer

all of these

Question 28

According to Selma, school-age children are at which stage of friendship?

Accepted Answer

2 - two way fair-weather cooporation

Question 29

Gender refers to

Accepted Answer

what it means to be male or female

Question 30

All of the following determine sibling roles and relationships in nonindustrialized societies EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

family income

Question 31

During the school years, aggression declines and changes from overt aggression to

Accepted Answer

relational

Question 32

Which of the following statements regarding the friendships of school-age girls is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Girls tend to have close friends

Question 33

Milton is 8-years old. According to Harter\'s research, what is the single most important aspect of Milton\'s life that will determine his sense of self-worth?

Accepted Answer

positive regard from parents and peers

Question 34

Which of the following terms does Elkind use to describe a child who is expected to grow up too soon?

Accepted Answer

hurried

Question 35

The most common arrangement for children following divorce is to live with their

Accepted Answer

mother

Question 36

Which of the following statements about the images of males and females on television is true?

Accepted Answer

gender stereotypes are more pronounced on television than in real life

Question 37

Donald\'s reading level is about 2 years behind his age group. He also has some difficulty with arithmetic. It is probable that Ronald is suffering from

Accepted Answer

dyslexia

Question 38

In research described in your textbook, which of the following was NOT encouraged in Anglo-American preschools?

Accepted Answer

academic skills development

Question 39

A child with high self-esteem would

Accepted Answer

volunteer to help someone else

Question 40

During middle childhood, metamemory

Accepted Answer

increases

Question 41

Dave is a very overweight child. Which of the following is true about Dave?

Accepted Answer

He probably watches more television than other children

Question 42

In socializing children, parents generally

Accepted Answer

give girls more latitude than boys with regard to gender roles.

Question 43

Freddie is trying to learn the names of the first five presidents of the United States. To help him, his mother makes up a story using the five names in it, and then teaches it to Freddie. Freddie\'s mother is using the mnemonic device of

Accepted Answer

elaboration

Question 44

A prime time for bullying to take place is during

Accepted Answer

middle childhood

Question 45

Marry has been asked to think of as many uses for a shoebox as possible. She responds by saying that a shoebox is only used to hold shoes. Marry is displaying

Accepted Answer

convergent thinking.

Question 46

When children talk about their own concrete, observant behaviors, they are defining

Accepted Answer

self

Question 47

Research suggests that the most self-reliant, self-controlled, and contented children have parents who are

Accepted Answer

authoritative

Question 48

Research with gifted children has shown that

Accepted Answer

many children would benefit from some combination of acceleration and enrichment

Question 49

Mark and Linda are trying to decide whether or not to end their marriage of 20 years. Their one daughter Melanie is the key issue. She is an intelligent, well-adjusted 16-year-old with no serious problems, a great sense of self-control and adequate coping skills. The counselor would suggest that Melanie will

Accepted Answer

Experience immediate devastation at the traumatic event and then become more competent and independent

Question 50

Douglas lives in a home where everyone is expected to get along. No fighting or disagreeable behavior is tolerated. If his parents show disapproval of his negative behavior, Douglas is likely to

Accepted Answer

experience an impairment in his social adjustment.

Question 51

Jenny offered to share her peanut butter and jelly sandwich (her favorite kind) with another child who has no lunch. Jenny is most likely to be

Accepted Answer

advanced in moral reasoning

Question 52

Melissa is 4 years old, and now wants to avoid dressing \"like a boy\". She talks about being \"a wife and mommy\" when she grows up. Melissa is engaged in the process of

Accepted Answer

gender-typing

Question 53

Four-year-old Marcie would like to hide her little brother\'s toys in the basement. However, she realizes this will make her brother cry, and wonders if she will feel bad about this. According to Erickson, Marcie is experiencing the conflict of

Accepted Answer

initiative versus guilt

Question 54

In addition to the usual issues of parenthood, adoptive parents also typically have to deal with all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

adoptive parents have to deal with all of these

Question 55

What is the estimated percentage of children under 18 years age who are blind or visually impaired?

Accepted Answer

13 percent

Question 56

During middle childhood ___ medical condition are common and ___ medical conditions are rare.

Accepted Answer

acute; chronic

Question 57

Which of the following helps children deal with their fears?

Accepted Answer

instilling a sense of trust and normal caution

Question 58

A repetitive, persistent pattern of aggressive antisocial acts, such as truancy, setting fires, habitual lying, fighting, vandalism, and use of guns is called

Accepted Answer

conduct disorder

Question 59

Mary Beth, age 10, finds excuses not to sleep overnight at her friends\' homes and shown no interest in going back to camp this summer. When she went on a weekend trip with her school chorus, she became nauseated and had to come home. This sort of thing has been going on for several weeks, ever since her pet cat died. Mary Beth

Accepted Answer

may be suffering from separation anxiety disorder

Question 60

According to the text, which of the following is a reason for the difficulty that 3-year-olds have in understanding their own emotions?

Accepted Answer

They do not recognize that they can experience different emotions at the same time.

Question 61

If punishment is used, it is best administered

Accepted Answer

as soon as the unacceptable behavior begins

Question 62

As children approach adolescence, how well parents ___ may be more important than whether a mother works outside the home.

Accepted Answer

keep track of them

Question 63

Nick has recently married a divorced woman with a 9-year-old son. What should Nick do to increase his chances of being accepted by his stepson?

Accepted Answer

Make friends with the boy slowly

Question 64

Katherine cries a great deal, is often tired, seems unable to concentrate or have fun, has no friends, and is doing poorly in school. She probably has

Accepted Answer

childhood depression

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