Mid-range Nursing Theories – Flashcards
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-have fewer concepts than grand theories (more limited aspect of reality) -relatively concrete concepts; more operationally defined -Propositions (relationships) concrete and empirically tested -easier to apply in practice; frameworks for research studies -broad acceptance of these theories to develop nursing practice -consistent with desire to legitimize nursing profession -did NOT exist until 1980
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mid-range nursing theories
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Mid-range theories
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are between grand theories (above) and practice theories (below)
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Concrete
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-light, wall -can see, feel, define
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Abstract
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-we know what it is; harder to define (can't see) -hope, love, fear, etc.
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Emerging Disciplines (talked about in class)
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-pain clinics -geriatric nurse specialists, telehealth -RN prescribing -PAs and NPs
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Question Compared to grand theories, middle range theories are easy to apply to practice and can be readily used for research
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TRUE Rationale: readily operational, and easy to apply to clinical setting
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Other characteristics of Mid-range Theories
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-many researchers prefer to work with them; provide better basis for testable hypothesis/ address specific client population/situations -1st introduced in 1974; used as frameworks for investigation -ideas simple and general; limited number of variables/concepts -substantiative (pinpoint view) e.g. on grief; would be on ALL aspects of grief -focus on client outcomes; specific area of practice; address relevant topics; can be easily adopted to guide nursing practice -Normally consist of 2 or more concepts; concepts are discrete, observable
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Examples of Mid-Range Concepts
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-health promotion -comfort -coping -resilience -pain -self-transcendence
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Mid-Range Theories develop from
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-grand theories -practice -literature (research)
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taxonomy
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branch of science concerned with classification
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Question Middle range theories often developed from quantitative research studies but rarely from qualitative or grounded theory research studies.
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FALSE Rationale: qualitative research studies - particularly grounded theory studies often contribute to the development of middle-range nursing theories REMEMBER derived from a LARGE amount o qualitative data
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Examples of mid-range theories
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-Nurse expressed empathy (Orlando's Model) -Theory of self-care (Orem) -Prevention as intervention (Neuman)
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A large number of mid-range theories are created from:
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-non-nursing theory (mostly behavioral sciences; sociology, anthropology) E.g. -Health Belief Model -Theory of Reasoned Action -Social learning/Social Cognitive Theory -Theory of comfort -Theory of skill acquisition -Uncertainty in illness (chaos theory)
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Practice guidelines are...
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the LEAST common source for mid-range theory development Examples: -Public health nursing model -theory of peaceful end of life - standards of care for terminally ill
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3 Levels of Mid-Range Theories
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1. High Middle 2. Middle Range 3. Low Middle
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High Middle
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-broad, fairly abstract concepts (Watson theory of caring) E.g. -caring, transcendence, adaption, culture
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Middle Range
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-fairly specific constructs, theoretically defined E.g. -uncertainty in illness; unpleasant symptoms; chronic sorrow
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Low Middle
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-more defined and specific E.g. -women's anger, acute pain management, interventions for post-surgical pain
