Ch 12 MC – Flashcards

67) The anteriolateral pathways ________. A) are involved in the emotional aspects of perception B) receive inputs from a single type of sensory receptor C) are evolutionarily newer than the specific pathways D) are also called the lemniscal system

68) The suprachiasmatic nucleus is found in the ________. A) medulla B) hypothalamus C) pons D) thalamus

69) Nuclei of cranial nerves V, VI, and VII are found in the ________. A) pons B) midbrain C) cerebrum D) medulla

70) The arbor vitae refers to ________. A) cerebellar white matter B) the pleatlike convolutions of the cerebellum C) cerebellar gray matter D) flocculonodular nodes

71) The brain stem consists of the ________. A) cerebrum, pons, midbrain, and medulla B) midbrain only C) pons, medulla, cerebellum, and midbrain D) midbrain, medulla, and pons

72) The primary auditory cortex is located in the ________. A) prefrontal lobe B) parietal lobe C) temporal lobe D) frontal lobe

73) Spinocerebellar tracts ________. A) carry proprioceptive inputs to the cerebellum B) are found in the dorsal columns of the spinal cord C) terminate in the spinal cord D) give rise to conscious experience of perception

74) What cells line the ventricles of the brain? A) epithelial cells B) neurons C) astrocytes D) ependymal cells

75) The subarachnoid space lies between what two layers of meninges? A) arachnoid and dura B) arachnoid and pia C) arachnoid and epidura D) dura and epidura

76) The vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure are located in the ________. A) cerebrum B) pons C) midbrain D) medulla

77) Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in ________. A) the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord B) the ventral root ganglia of the spinal cord C) sympathetic ganglia D) the thalamus

78) Which fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres? A) parieto-occipital fissure B) longitudinal fissure C) lateral fissure D) central fissure

79) Which of the following best describes the cerebrum? A) visceral command center B) motor command center C) executive suite D) decussation center

80) A shallow groove on the surface of the cortex is called a ________. A) fissure B) sulcus C) furrow D) gyrus

81) Which of the following generalizations does not describe the cerebral cortex? A) No functional area of the cortex works alone. B) The hemispheres are exactly equal in function. C) The cerebral cortex contains three kinds of functional areas. D) Each hemisphere is chiefly concerned with sensory and motor functions of the contralateral side of the body.

82) If the posterior portion of the neural tube failed to develop properly the ________. A) cranial nerves would not form B) telencephalon would cease development C) spinal cord may be affected D) hindbrain would not be present

83) The central sulcus separates which lobes? A) frontal from parietal B) temporal from parietal C) parietal from occipital D) frontal from temporal

84) Neural tracts that convey life-saving information to the brain concerning burning pain would be ________. A) posterior spinothalamic B) reticulospinal C) anterior spinothalamic D) lateral spinothalamic

85) Which of these would you not find in the cerebral cortex? A) dendrites B) fiber tracts C) unmyelinated axons D) cell bodies

86) The hypothalamus ________. A) is the thermostat of the body because it regulates temperature B) mediates sensations C) has the Pulvinar body as part of its structure D) is an important auditory and visual relay center

87) The white matter of the spinal cord contains ________. A) soma that have both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers B) myelinated nerve fibers only C) unmyelinated nerve fibers only D) myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers

88) Which of the following is not a role of the basal nuclei? A) regulating attention and cognition B) initiating protective reflex actions C) controlling starting and stopping movements D) inhibiting unnecessary or antagonistic movements

89) An individual accidentally transected the spinal cord between T1 and L1. This would result in ________. A) quadriplegia B) spinal shock only C) hemiplegia D) paraplegia

90) Spastic paralysis suggests involvement of the ________. A) neuromotor junction B) upper motor neurons C) spinal nerve roots D) lower motor neurons

91) Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are called ________. A) gyri B) fissures C) sulci D) ganglia

92) The frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the ________. A) lateral sulcus B) cranial fossa C) central sulcus D) longitudinal fissure

93) Which of the following statements is a false or incorrect statement? A) Damage to the visual association area results in blindness. B) Damage to the primary auditory cortex results in the inability to interpret pitch, loudness, and location. C) Damage to the primary motor cortex results only in the loss of voluntary muscle control. D) Damage to the premotor cortex results in loss of motor skills programmed in that area but movement is still possible.

94) Two terms for the massive motor tracts serving voluntary movement are ________. A) extrapyramidal and rubrospinal B) pyramidal and corticospinal C) supplementary and cerebellar-pontine D) segmental and nigrostriatal

95) An individual who could trace a picture of a bicycle with his or her finger but could not recognize it as a bicycle is most likely to have sustained damage to the ________. A) primary visual area B) calcarine cortex C) visual association area D) lateral geniculate body

96) Broca's area ________. A) is considered a motor speech area B) corresponds to Brodmann's area 8 C) serves the recognition of complex objects D) is usually found in the right hemisphere

97) Which part of the cerebral cortex is involved in intellect, cognition, recall, and personality? A) limbic association area B) posterior association area C) prefrontal cortex D) combined primary somatosensory cortex and somatosensory association cortex

98) The blood-brain barrier is effective against ________. A) alcohol B) anesthetics C) nutrients such as glucose D) metabolic waste such as urea

99) Which of the following is not part of the basal nuclei? A) globus pallidus B) substantia nigra C) putamen D) lentiform nucleus

100) All of the following are structures of the limbic system except the ________. A) caudate nucleus B) amygdaloid nucleus C) hippocampus D) cingulate gyrus

101) Which of the following is not a midbrain structure? A) third ventricle B) corpora quadrigemina C) cerebral peduncles D) red nucleus

102) The process of linking new facts with old facts already stored in the memory bank is called ________. A) rehearsal B) consolidation C) long-term memory D) automatic memory

103) Which category of memory is involved when playing the piano? A) motor B) declarative C) emotional D) procedural

104) The brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alertness of the cerebral cortex is the ________. A) reticular formation B) limbic system C) pyramids D) thalamus

105) Which of the following would you not find in normal cerebrospinal fluid? A) glucose B) red blood cells C) protein D) potassium

106) REM sleep is associated with ________. A) decreased activity of the brain, especially the cerebral cortex B) decreased oxygen use, especially in the cerebral cortex C) decreased vital signs, such as heart rate and blood pressure D) temporary skeletal muscle inhibition except for the extrinsic eye muscles

107) Which of the following is not a function of the CSF? A) reduction of brain weight B) initiation of some nerve impulses C) nourishment of the brain D) protection from blows

108) Injury to the hypothalamus may result in all of the following except ________. A) pathologic sleep B) loss of proprioception C) production of excessive quantities of urine D) loss of body temperature control

109) Which association regarding the function and location of the cerebrum is most accurate? A) sensory-medial B) sensory-anterior C) motor-medial D) motor-anterior

110) Brain wave amplitude ________. A) is an average of about 1 V B) reflects the number of neurons firing synchronously C) results from subtraction of delta waves from theta waves D) is the measure of activity of specific individual neurons

111) Important nuclei of the indirect (multineural) system that receive impulses from the equilibrium apparatus of the inner ear and help to maintain balance by varying muscle tone of postural muscles are the ________. A) reticular nuclei B) vestibular nuclei C) superior colliculi D) red nuclei

112) Which of the following structures is probably not directly involved in memory? A) amygdala B) medulla C) hippocampus D) prefrontal cortex

113) The area of the cortex that is responsible for sensations of the full bladder and the feeling that your lungs will burst when you hold your breath too long is the ________. A) vestibular cortex B) gusatory cortex C) visceral sensory area D) olfactory cortex

114) Which statement about coma is true? A) Coma is neurologically identical to syncope. B) Coma is defined as total unresponsiveness to stimuli for a long period of time. C) During coma, brain oxygen consumption resembles that of a waking state. D) Coma is rarely caused by damage to brain stem structures.

115) Tremor at rest, shuffling gait, stooped posture, and expressionless face are characteristics of ________. A) spinal cord disease B) Parkinson's disease C) cerebellar disease D) Huntington's disease

117) Declarative memory ________. A) usually involves motor skills B) is hard to unlearn when learned once C) is best remembered in the doing D) is the ability to learn specific information

118) Which of the following is (are) involved with motor activity (either initiation or coordination)? A) Wernicke's area B) postcentral gyrus C) red nuclei D) gustatory cortex

119) Which statement is not true? A) Ten-year-olds are in REM sleep about 1.5-2 hours per night. B) Sleep requirements decline from infancy to early adulthood, level off, then decline again in old age. C) Half of infant sleep is composed of REM sleep. D) Stage 4 sleep increases in old age.

120) Which statement about epilepsy is most accurate? A) Epilepsy is often genetically induced but also frequently caused by head trauma, stroke, infection, and tumor. B) The aura in tonic-clonic seizures typically occurs as the patient regains consciousness. C) During seizures, sensory messages are processed normally but responses are blocked. D) Absence seizures typically begin in adolescence and is often severely disabling.

121) White matter (myelinated fibers) is found in all of the following locations except the ________. A) corpus callosum B) corticospinal tracts C) outer portion of the spinal cord D) cerebral cortex

122) Second-order neurons of both the specific and nonspecific ascending pathways terminate in the ________. A) somatosensory cortex B) thalamus C) medulla D) spinal cord

123) Loss of ability to perform skilled motor activities such as piano playing, with no paralysis or weakness in specific muscles, might suggest damage to the ________. A) premotor cortex B) primary motor cortex C) spinal cord D) rubrospinal tracts

124) Which brain waves are not normal for awake adults but are common for children? A) Beta B) Theta C) Delta D) Alpha