Drug Profile: Chlorothiazide (Diuril) – Flashcards
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Therapeutic class:
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- antihypertensive, - agent for reducing edema
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Pharmacologic class:
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thiazide diuretic
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Tx for:
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- rx for mild to moderate HTN - may be combined - w/other hypertensives in tx of - severe HTN
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Also used to tx edema d/t:
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- HF - liver disease - corticoidsteroid therapy - estrogen therapy
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chlorothiazide (Diuril), for optimum therapeutic effect, may take:
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- up to 4 wks - IV....15 -30 minutes
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Adverse effects:
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- excess loss of water/electrolytes (pos)
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Symptoms of excessive loss of water / electrolytes:
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- thirst - weakness - letargy - muscle cramping - hypotension - tachycardia
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What is a potential serious consequence of Diuril (chlorothiazide):
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- hypokalemia - closely monitor digoxin pts
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What foods are increased when taking Diuril (chlorothiazide):
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- potassium rich foods - potassium supplements may be indicated
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Diuril (chlorothiazide) taken w/ amphotericin B/corticoidsteroids:
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- elevated risk for hypokalemia
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Diuril (chlorothiazide) taken w/ sulfonylureas & insulin may cause:
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- sulfonylureas & insulin - to be less effective
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Cholestryamine and colestipol decrease:
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absorption of chlorothiazide
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Alcohol increases:
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- hypertensive action of some thiazide diuretics - can increase side effects
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Caffeine may:
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increase diuresis
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When chlorothiazide (Diuril) is given w/ other antihypertensives:
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- additive effects on blood pressure - will occur
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Some herbal supp may interact w/ thiazide diuretics:
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- licorice - oral aloe
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Licorice and alow may :
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worsen hypokalemia
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When used w/ginko biloba:
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may increase BP
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When used w/hawthornmay result in :
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additive hypotensive effects
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Do not use this drug if you cannot:
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urinate
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Do not take this drug if you are allergic to:
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sulfa drugs
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Do not take this drug if you have:
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- liver disease - kidney disease - asthma - allergies - gout - lupus - diabetes
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When taking chlorothiazide avoid:
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- becoming overheated - becoming dehydrated - hot weather
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Drink as much liquid as instructed by your DR because:
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drinking too much is just as harmful as drinking to little
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Tell dr if other meds you are taking make you light headed, such as:
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- cold or allergy medicine - narcotic pain medicine - sleeping pills - muscle relaxers - seizures - depression - anxiety ---add to CHLOROTHIAZIDE SIDE EFFECTS
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Diuril (chlorothiazide) is used to tx:
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- fluid retention in CHF - cirrhosis - kidney disorders - edema caused by steroids/estrogen - hypertension
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Mild SE:
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- diarrhea - constipation - stomach cramps - dizziness/spinning - muscle spasms - blurred vision - loss of lobido
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Severe SE:
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- N/V w/ weakness - anorexia - headache - hallucinations/confusion - seizures - muscle pain - uneven HR - extreme thirst - jaundice - easy bruising - numbness, tingling feeling
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Potassium rich foods:
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- seeds (pumpkin, sunflower, flax) - chocolate / cocoa powder - chili poweder/ paprika - dried apricots - avacado - salmon, tuna, halibut - dates - beans - pistachio/ other nuts - dried herbs (basil, oregano, saffron, dill, taragon, tumeric, corriander, parsley)
