Bioportal week 6 – Flashcards
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Carbohydrates:
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A. act as a relatively quickly available source of fuel.
B. serve as carbon skeletons that can be rearranged to form other molecules that are essential for biological structures and functions like nucleic acids.
C. in the form of oligosaccharides are often covalently bonded to proteins and lipids on the outer cell surface, where they serve as cell recognition signals.
D. are a good source of sustained energy when they come in the form of polysaccharides.
E. All of the above.*******
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Which of the following are all monosaccharides?
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glucose, fructose, and galactose
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Glucose that circulates in your blood has one of three fates: it is used to fuel cellular activities, it can be converted into fat, or it can _______
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be stored temporarily as glycogen
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Lactose is a combination of
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glucose and galactose
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A complex polymer built of monosaccharides is called a(n):
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polysaccharide.
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Glycogen belongs in the class of molecules known as:
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polysaccharides
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Sucrose (table sugar) and lactose (the sugar found in milk) are examples of:
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Dissacharides
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Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
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Cellulose, the primary component of plant cell walls
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On food packages, "insoluble fiber" refers to plant material that we can't fully digest but is important for maintaining a healthy digestive tract. This substance refers to a(n):
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carbohydrate.
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Which of the following statements about cellulose is FALSE?
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A. The cellulose we eat passes right through our digestive system unused.
B. Cellulose has a slightly different three-dimensional structure from starch.
C. Although it is not digestible, cellulose is still important to humans' diets.
D. Cellulose and starch are made from similar molecules.
E. All of the above statements about cellulose are TRUE.******
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Which of the following is not an important biological function of lipids?
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A. insulation
B. regulation of growth and development
C. energy storage
D. protection of internal organs and tissues
E. All of the above are true.*****
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The figure represents which class of chemical compounds? (IMAGE)
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Sterols
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All lipids are
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Not soluble in water
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An unsaturated fatty acid is one in which:
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carbon-carbon double bonds are present in the hydrocarbon chain.
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Saturated fatty acids have _________________ than unsaturated fatty acids, which is why they exist as a ____________ at room temperature.
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fewer double bonds; solid
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Which statement about phospholipids is FALSE?
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Because their phosphate groups repel each other, they are used as organisms' chief form of short-term energy.
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Which of the following is a common role that sterols play in the human body?
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A. They are used as energy storage molecules.
B. They are important components of cell membranes.
C. They are used as primary fuel molecules for cellular metabolism.
D. When eaten in the diet, they help prevent heart disease by lowering blood pressure.
E. None of the above is true about sterols.*****
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The principal components of cell membranes are:
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lipids.
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Phospholipids assemble spontaneously into bilayers driven by the attraction of their "tail" portions to each other and of their "head" portions to each other. The tail regions are:
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hydrophobic.
