question

The largest endocrine gland is the

answer

thyroid gland

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the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is also called the

answer

adenohypophysis

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the hypothalamus is

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located near the pituitary gland

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The islets of Langerhans are

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clusters of endocrine tissue found throughout the pancrease

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the hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex is

answer

adrenocorticotropic hormone

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The hormone that stimulates glandular tissue during pregnancy and produces milk after the birth of an infant is

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prolactin-releasing hormone

question

the hormone that stimulates the kidney to reabsorb water is

answer

antidiuretic hormone

question

the combining form meaning thyroid gland is

answer

thyr/o

question

the combining form meaning potassium is

answer

kal/i

question

the combining form meaning thirst is

answer

dips/o

question

T4 is the abbreviation for

answer

thyroxine

question

The word part that best completes the medical term meaning excision of an adrenal gland, ____/ectomy, is

answer

adrenal

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in the medical term corticoid, the word root means:

answer

outer layer of a body organ

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The medical term that means inflammation of the adrenal gland is

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adrenalitis

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The meaning of the medical term adrenomegaly is a(n):

answer

enlargement of one or both of the adrenal glands

question

The medical term meaning deficient level of sugar in the blood is

answer

hypoglycemia

question

The medical term meaning excessive calcium in the blood is

answer

hypercalcemia

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The meaning of the medical term hyperkalemia is

answer

excessive potassium in the blood

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The medical term that means deficient level of sodium in the blood is

answer

hyponatremia

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A patient who has reported recent weight loss, irritability and heat intolerance is diagnosed with ___, which is a state of excessive thyroid gland activity and excessive secretion of thyroid hormones.

answer

hyperthyroidism

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After surgery to remove her thyroid gland, Ella reports recent weight gain and cold intolerance. She is diagnosed with __, which (unsurprisingly, considering her surgery) is a state of deficient thyroid gland activity and diminished secretion of thyroid hormones.

answer

hypothyroidsim

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The meaning of the medical term parathyroidoma is:

answer

tumor of a parathyroid gland

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The medical term that refers to a group of symptoms attributed to the excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal cortices, causing abnormally pigmented skin, "moon face," and pads of fat of the chest, abdomen, and back is:

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cushing syndrome

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A patient who arrives in the ED complaining of palpitations, chest and abdominal pain, headache, diaphoresis and hypertension is eventually diagnosed with ____, a non-malignant tumor of the adrenal medualla

answer

pheochromocytoma

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Hugo is diagnosed with ___, a chronic syndrome caused by a deficiency in the hormonal secretion of the adrenal cortex and characterized by weakness, darkening of skin, loss of appetitie, depression, and other emotional problems.

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addisons disease

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Mr. Nouwen presents with insulin resistance, obesity focused on the waist and abdomen, hypertension, and elevated glycemic and triglyceride levels (with low HDL levels.) These signs indicate:

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metabolic syndrome

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The meaning of the medical term tetany is a condition

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affecting nerves, causing muscle spasms as a result of low amounts of calcium

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A condition of excessive thyroid hormone secretion is:

answer

thyrotoxicosis

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The meaning of the medical term ketosis is a condtion

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resulting from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus

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The medical term meaning enlargement of the thyroid gland is:

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goiter

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The medical term adenectomy refers to excision of

answer

a gland

question

the medical term thyroidotomy refers to the incision of

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the thyroid gland

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the medical term thyroparathyroidectomy refers to the excision of

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the thyroid and parathyroid gland

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the medical term that refers to a nuclear medicine test that shows the size, shape, and postition of the thyroid gland is

answer

thyroid scan

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the medical term meaning excessive development of the adrenal cortex is

answer

adrenocorticohyperplasia

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the medical term referring to the study of the endorcrine system is

answer

endocrinology

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the medical term referring to a chemical substance that is secreted by an endocrine gland and carried in the blood to a target tissue is

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hormone

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the narrow strip of tissue that connects the two lobes of the thyroid gland is called the

answer

isthmus

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the medical term metabolism refers to the

answer

sum total of all the chemical processes that take place in a living organism

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the abbreviation of the medical term that refers to a chronic disease involving a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism is

answer

DM

question

RAIU abbreviates the medical term referring to a

answer

nuclear medicine scan that measures thyroid function

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Euthyroid is a medical term referring to

answer

normal thyroid function

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-crine and crin/o

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to secrete

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erythropoietin

answer

stimulates the production of red blood cells.

question

PRH, prolactin releasing hormone, lactogenic hormone

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stimulates growth and develop of the mammary glands.

question

TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyrotropin

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stimulates the growth and function of the thyroid gland.

question

The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is also called the

answer

neurohypophysis

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The parathyroid glands are:

answer

four small bodies embedded in the posterior lobes of the thyroid gland

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The adrenal glands are

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paired glands, one of which is located above each kidney

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The hormone that regulates development, growth, and function of the ovaries and testes is:

answer

Follicle stimulating hormone

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The hormone that affects the male and female reproductive systems is

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gonadotropic hormone

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Hydrocortisone is also called:

answer

cortisone

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The pituitary gland is also called the:

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hypophysis cerebri

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Which of the following is true of the thyroid gland?

answer

it is the largest endocrine gland

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The combining form meaning the outer layer of a body organ is:

answer

cortic/o

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Adenohypophysis is another name for the:

answer

anterior pituitary lobe

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A test to assess a child's growth hormone levels would focus on the functioning of the:

answer

pituitary gland

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combining form meaning sodium is

answer

natr/o

question

The meaning of the medical term corticoid is:

answer

resembling the cortex

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Epinephrine and norepinephrine are secreted by the

answer

adrenal medulla

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This hormone is necessary for body cell metabolism

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thyroxine

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___________ secretes a "releasing hormone" that stimulates or inhibits the release pituitary gland hormones:

answer

hypothalamus

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The combining form meaning extremities, height is:

answer

acr/o

question

The combining form meaning thirst is:

answer

dips/o

question

The medical term that means abnormal protrusion of the eyeball is

answer

exophthalmos

question

The medical term referring to normal thyroid function is:

answer

euthyroid

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William's adrenal cortices are secreting excessive levels of cortisol, giving him a "moon face" and abnormal pads of fat on his chest, abdomen, and upper back. He also is experiencing muscle atrophy. His physician determines that William has ___.

answer

cushings

question

A patient diagnosed with ___ presents with signs such as insulin resistance, obesity focused on the waist and abdomen, hypertension, and elevated glycemic and triglyceride levels (with low HDL levels)

answer

metabolic syndrome

question

The condition resulting from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, in which the body has an abnormal concentration of ketone bodies as a result of excessive fat metabolism:

answer

ketosis

question

Alexis's headaches, chest and abdominal pain, and palpitations turn out to be pheochromocytoma, which is a(n):

answer

non-malignant tumor of the adrenal medulla

question

The meaning of the medical term acromegaly is a(n):

answer

enlargement of the extremities

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The medical term meaning deficient level of potassium in the blood is:

answer

hypokalemia

question

The medical term for the condition caused by congenital absence or atrophy of the thyroid gland that results in hypothyroidism and characterized by puffy features, mental deficiency, a large tongue, and dwarfism is:

answer

cretinism

question

The medical term for the condition brought about by an abnormal accumulation of the acid products of metabolism and seen frequently in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus:

answer

acidosis

question

The meaning of the medical term thyrotoxicosis is a condition:

answer

caused by excessive thyroid hormones

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The medical term for a disorder of the thyroid gland characterized by the presence of hyperthyroidism, goiter, and exophthalmos is:

answer

graves

question

A deficiency of parathyroid hormone has led to a decrease in Mr. Clark's blood calcium, resulting in ___, a nerve condition that causes muscle spasms.

answer

tetany

question

The abbreviation of the medical term referring to the result of decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland causing polydipsia and polyuria is:

answer

DI

question

The medical term that describes a serious, chronic syndrome resulting from a deficiency in the hormonal secretions of all three categories of adrenal steroids secreted by the adrenal cortex is:

answer

addison disease

question

The medical term meaning pertaining to the cortex is:

answer

cortical

question

A syndrome is best defined as:

answer

a set of signs and symptoms

question

The medical term that refers to a blood study that gives a direct measurement of the amount of thyroxine in the patient's blood is:

answer

thyroxine level

question

FBS abbreviates the medical term for a:

answer

blood test that determines the amount of glucose in the blood

question

To measure long-term blood glucose control, a(n) _____ hemoglobin test is done.

answer

glycosylated

question

_____ is a test that assesses thyroid function by testing the ability of the thyroid gland to trap and retain radioactive iodine following oral ingestion of the iodine.

answer

radioactive iodine uptake

question

The nuclear medicine test that shows the size, shape, and function of the thyroid gland is:

answer

thyroid scan

question

The abbreviation for the medical term for the procedure that assesses thyroid function by testing the ability of the thyroid gland to trap and retain radioactive iodine following oral ingestion of the iodine is:

answer

RAIU

question

The abbreviation for the test that measures the average blood sugar concentration over a period of time is:

answer

HbA1C

question

The name of the procedure that measures the amount of glucose in the blood at the time of the test is:

answer

FBS

question

The name of the procedure that measures thyroid function is:

answer

radioactive iodine uptake

question

he procedure that measures average blood sugar concentration over a period of time is:

answer

a glycosylated hemoglobin test

question

The patient had surgery to excise a gland. Based on this information only, it is most accurate to say that he had a(n):

answer

adenectomy

question

A patient has his thyroid and parathyroid glands surgically removed in a procedure called:

answer

thyroparathyroidectomy

question

To measure long-term blood glucose control, a(n) _____ hemoglobin test is done.

answer

glycosylated

MDSC Chapter 16 – Endocrine System – Flashcards

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