question

significant physical symptoms for which there is no apparent cause

answer

somatic symptom disorder

question

a woman thinks she is pregnant but she is not

answer

pseudocyesis

question

how many specific somatic symptom disorders are there?

answer

5

question

people have an actual, documented physical illness or defect that is worsened by psychological factors

answer

psychological factors affecting other medical conditions

question

although somatic symptom disorder can affect any part of the body, what are three common areas that it makes itself present in?

answer

gastrointestinal, pain, neurological

question

what are the three main characteristics of somatic symptom disorder?

answer

excessive time/energy spent related to the somatic symptoms, one or more somatic symptoms, persistent (6 months)

question

what is the distinguishing difference between somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder?

answer

people with somatic symptom disorder actually experience physical symptoms; people with illness anxiety disorder worry that they will

question

which disorder is more likely to seek medical treatment: those with somatic symptom disorder, or those with illness anxiety disorder?

answer

illness anxiety disorder

question

people with illness anxiety disorder often have concerns about ___________ in the air or in their food, contributing to their illness.

answer

toxins

question

for people with illness anxiety disorder, it must be present as a preoccupation for how long?

answer

6 months

question

illness anxiety when a person frequently goes to the doctor

answer

care-seeking type

question

illness anxiety when a person does not seek treatment for their illnesses

answer

care-avoidant type

question

multiple symptom complaints for people with illness anxiety is more common in _________ people or in ________________

answer

older, children

question

multiple heath complaints run in families, primarily among _____________ relatives

answer

female

question

male relatives of people with lots of health complaints have higher rates of _____________ and ________________ personality disorder

answer

alcoholism, antisocial

question

although they may run in families, there is not much evidence to support the idea that the multiple health concerns and somatic symptoms are _____________

answer

genetic

question

these therapies used to treat somatic symptom disorder focus on providing insight into the connections between emotions and physical symptoms by helping people recall events and memories that may have triggered their symptoms

answer

psychodynamic therapies

question

these therapies used to treat somatic symptom disorder help identify the reinforcements the patient gets for their health complaints, eliminate these reinforcements, and increase positive reinforcement for when they are acting in a healthier manner

answer

behavioral therapies

question

these therapies used to treat somatic symptom disorder help the patient to interpret their physical symptoms appropriately and to learn to avoid catastrophizing them

answer

cognitive therapies

question

these therapies are used to focus on identifying and challenging illness beliefs and misinterpretations of physical sensations

answer

cognitive-behavioral therapies

question

a somatic symptom disorder in which people lose neurological functioning in a part of their bodies, but not due to medical causes.

answer

conversion disorder

question

what are the 7 most common types of conversion disorder?

answer

paralysis, blindness, mutism, seizures, loss of hearing, loss of coordination, anesthesia in a limb

question

what is the name of the conversion disorder where people can't feel their hand>?

answer

glove anesthesia

question

can people with conversion disorder have multiple types (e.g. blindness for a while, then paralysis in their hand, etc.) or is it limited to one symptom?

answer

multiple

question

What two nerves innervate the hand? (The reasoning behind why it is unlikely that glove anesthesia is physical)

answer

ulnar, radial

question

what is the name for conversion disorder that doesn't assume psychological cause?

answer

functional neurological symptom disorder

question

although persistent conversion disorder prevalence is relatively low, unexplained neurological symptoms are present in about what percent of cases?

answer

20%

question

the reduction in anxiety that is a result of conversion disorder

answer

primary gain

question

the attention and concern from others/being relieved of obligations and expectations as a result of conversion disorder

answer

secondary gain

question

what type of theories of conversion disorder emphazize the role conversion symptoms play in alleviating distress by removing the individual from difficult enivronments and allowing him or her to avoid unwanted responsibilities or situations

answer

behavioral theories

question

during the two world wars, soldiers would often become blind or paralyzed, as an eample of

answer

conversion disorder

question

when people afflicted by conversion disorder are unconcerned about the symtpoms

answer

la belle indifference

question

research shows that people with conversion disorder are highly susceptible to what kind of therapy?

answer

hypnotizing

question

neurological models suggest that conversion symptoms arise when ____________ or _______________ areas on the brain are impaired by anxiety

answer

sensory, motor

question

the area of the brain involved in the experience of anxiety

answer

amygdala

question

studies suggest that conversion disorder does not involve really loss of function in parts of the brain, but it's more about

answer

changes in connectivity between these areas and areas associated with anxiety

question

therapy for conversion disorder that focuses on the expression of painful emotions and memories and on insight into the relationship between these and the conversion symptoms

answer

psychoanalytic therapy

question

therapy for conversion disorder that focuses on relieving the person's anxiety centered on the initial trauma/reducing benefits they're receiving because of the conversion

answer

behavioral therapy

question

somatic symptom disorder in which a person deliberately fakes an illness specifically to gain medical attention and play the sick role

answer

factitious disorder

question

another name for factitious disorder

answer

Munchhausen's syndrome

question

how is factitious disorder different from other somatic symptom disorders?

answer

factitious disorder involves evidence that the individual is providing false information

question

what is the name for when people fake a symptom or disorder in order to avoid an unwanted situation, or in order to gain something?

answer

malingering

question

in a word, what is the main difference between factitious disorder and malingering?

answer

motive

question

when individuals falsify illness in someone else for attention

answer

factitious disorder imposed on another (by proxy)

question

the process in which components of the mental experience are split off from consciousness but remain accessible through hypnosis

answer

dissociation

question

the theory that there is a active and passive mode to consciousness that contributes to DID

answer

hidden observer phenomenon

question

how many personalities did Eve White have?

answer

more than 20

question

what is another name for another personality

answer

alter

question

the most common type of alters

answer

child alters

question

alters that inflict pain on the host/other personalities

answer

persecutor alters

question

alters that offer advice to other personalities/perform activities that the host is mentally unable to cope with but must do

answer

protector/helper alters

question

people with DID have bouts of

answer

amnesia

question

how many people with DID have a history of suicide attempts

answer

3/4

question

what percent of people with DID have a history of suicidal thoughts

answer

over 90%

question

many aspects of DID can be influenced by the person's __________________ background

answer

cultural

question

True or false: transitions in personalities of people with DID have to be reported by someone else, according to the DSM V

answer

False; can be self-reported

question

people with DID in Western culture often feel that they are

answer

possessed

question

out of Great Britain, the U.S., India,, Europe, or Japan, which has the most frequent diagnosis of DID?

answer

the U.S.

question

What ethnic group has the highest rate of DID?

answer

latinos

question

a culturally accepted reaction to stress among Latinos that involves transient periods of loss of consciousness, convulsive movements, and impulsive acts, just to name a few symptoms

answer

ataque de nervios

question

the majority of people with DID have a history of ____________ ________________ abuse

answer

childhood sexual

question

what model of DID argues that the alternate identities are created by patients who adopt the idea or narrative of DID as an explanation that fits their lives

answer

sociocognitive model

question

is DID genetic?

answer

somewhat

question

what is the end goal of treating DID?

answer

one coherent personality

question

when people cannot recall important autobiographical information about themselves

answer

dissociative amnesia

question

amnesia caused by a brain injury resulting from disease, drugs, accidents, or surgery

answer

organic amnesia

question

organic amnesia that also involves not being able to remember new information

answer

anterograde amnesia

question

amnesia that arises without any physical cause; rarely involves anterograde

answer

psychogenic amnesia

question

the inability to remember events from the past; can have both organic and psychogenic causes

answer

retrograde amnesia

question

people can't remember much personal or general information for several years or decades due to alcohol abuse

answer

korsakoff's syndrome

question

a subtype of amnesia in which the individual travels to a new place and may assume a new identity with no memory of the previous identity; can last days or years; can have repeated episodes or just one

answer

dissociative fugue

question

psychogenic amnesia is strongly associated with _____________ events

answer

traumatic

question

what is the biggest complication with diagnosing amnesias?

answer

some people may use amnesia as an excuse to escape punishment for crimes

question

people with this have frequent episodes during which they feel detached from their own mental processes or body, as if they are outside observers of themselves

answer

depersonalization/derealization disorder

question

is depersonalization disorder more common in men or women?

answer

equally common

question

average age of onset for people with depersonalization/derealization

answer

23

question

the vast majority of people diagnosed with DID are

answer

adult women

question

when was DID added to the DSM

answer

1980

question

what disorder is DID commonly comorbid with

answer

PTSD

question

before DID was included in the DSM, what was is likely prescribed as?

answer

schizophrenia

question

5 categories of disorders often comorbid with DID

answer

major depression, an anxiety disorder, substance abuse, personality disorder, eating disorder

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