Theories Final - Flashcards

Q: The purpose of examining a client\'s family constellation is:

to get a better picture of the individual\'s early social world

Q: Adlerian therapy has a phenomenological orientation. Thus the therapist attempts to view the world:

from the client\'s frame of reference

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Adler's Individual Psychology was largely influenced by:

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both (his early childhood experiences) and (his rejection of Freud's biologically driven view of human nature)

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Which is (are) true concerning one's style of life?

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All of these options

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Adler believed that human nature is:

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both (motivated by social urges) and (purposeful and goal-directed)

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In Adlerian Counseling, the client/therapist relationship is characterized by:

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both (cooperation and respect) and (equality)

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The purpose of examining a client's family constellation is:

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to get a better picture of the individual's early social world

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The term "social interest" refers to:

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all of these options

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Which of the following is not one of the five basic tasks Adler says we must master?

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intellectual development

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All of the following are stages in Adlerian counseling except:

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analysis of resistance

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The process of encouragement in Adlerian counseling includes:

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all of these options

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An Adlerian therapist asks for the client's earliesy recollections in order to:

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all of these options

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According to Adlerians, inferiority feelings:

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create motivation to achieve mastery

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Adlerians believe that discouragement:

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both (is the basic condition that prevents people from functioning) and (can be overcome by encouragement)

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Adlerians view the use of techniques in counseling as:

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geared to the phase of therapy and the needs of the client

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Which of the following techniques is not used in Adlerian family counseling?

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analyzing resistances between members of the family

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Adlerian therapy has a phenomenological orientation. Thus the therapist attempts to view the world:

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from the client's frame of reference

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Which of the following statements is not true about Alfred Adler?

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His early childhood was happy.

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When Adler spoke of individuality, he referred to:

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the unique way we develop our own style of striving for competence

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"Fictional Finalism" is an Adlerian term meaning:

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an imagined central goal that guides our behavior

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In helping clients to examine their mistaken goals and faulty assumptions, an Adlerian therapist does not use:

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interpretation of the transferrence relationship

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Whic of the following aspects are assessed when exploring a client's family constellation?

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all of these options

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Which of the following is not true about the Adlerian concept of "private logic?"

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It is a result of the feelings and emotions we experience in our daily lives

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During the phase of analysis and assessment, the Adlerian therapist:

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all but (offers tentative interpretations)

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Reorientation, the fourth phase of Adlerian therapy, involves

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both (putting insights into action) and (helping clients see new alternatives)

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One way clients in Adlerian therapy are encouraged to change is:

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by acting as if they were already the way they wanted to be

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One contribution of Adlerian therapy is that:

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practitioners are given a great deal of freedom in working with their clients

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Who is primarily credited with popularizing and extending Adler's work by applying Adlerian principles to group work?

answer

Rudolph Dreikurs

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Which of the following did Adler not stress?

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focus on early childhood experiences as determinants of later personality functioning

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Which child is most likely to demand center stage, tends to have difficulties in life when he or she is no longer the center of attention, and is likely to become dependently tied to the mother?

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the only child

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Which child tends to feel squeezed out and may devlop a conviction that life is unfair and a feeling of being cheated?

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the middle child

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All of the following are life tasks that Adler taught we must be sucessful to master except for

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achieving self-actualization

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The client's core experience in Adlerian therapy consists of:

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discovering their basic mistakes and learning how to correct them

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Which of the following would an Adlerian therapist particularly value?

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modeling of communication and acting in socially mided ways

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The premise of Adlerian group work is

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that client's problems are usually of a social nature

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When counseling couples, Adlerian therapists strive to:

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all of these options

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The Adlerian approach is well suited to multicultural counseling because

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the approach encourages clients to define themselves within their social context

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TRUE or FALSE: Alfred Adler believed that what we are born with is not as important as what we choose to do with the abilities and limitations we possess.

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TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Adlerians have a teleological view of human nature.

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: According to Adler, perfection, not pleasure, is the goal of life.

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TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Adlerian Therapists pay careful focus to techniques and work in structured, set ways.

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Adler maintained that individuals attempt to overcome feelings of basic inferiority by developing a lifestyle in which sucess is possible.

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TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: In Adler's view we can be fully understood only in light of knowing the purposees and goals toward which we are striving.

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE:Adlerians maintain that change is not possible without insight; understanding the causes of one's problems is a prerequisite to behavioral change.

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Adlerian counseling focuses on the family constellation and the influence of family on the individual.

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Encouragement is part of the Adlerian counseling process.

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Adlerians typically do not use techniques of interpretation, for they believe that clients can make their own interpretations without therapist's intervention.

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: From the Adlerian perspective, objective reality is more important that how we interpret reality and the meaning we attach to what we experience.

answer

FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Adlerians emphasize reeducating people and reshaping society.

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: For Adlerian counselors, techniques are helpful when adapted to the needs of the client.

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: By discussing the client's earliest recollections, an Adlerian counselor hopes to bring unconscious conflicts to the surface.

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Adler stressed that our desire to strive for perfection is learned from our parents.

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Our Adlerian concept is that everything we do is influenced by our style of life.

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TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: "Fictional finalism" is a term that Adlerians use to describe our attitude in dealing with the social world.

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Clients are viewed by Adlerian therapists as "sick" and in need of a cure.

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: The concept of lifestyle refers to an individual's core beliefs and assumptions through which the person organizes his or her reality and finds meaning in life events.

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TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Adlerians maintain that the priorities we choose arise from out personality strengths.

answer

FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Adlerian views of birth order and family constellation are highly relevant to individuals from all cultural contexts.

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Research supporting the effectiveness of the Adlerian approach is limited.

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TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: The Adlerian approach has a wide variety of applications including group and family therapy.

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TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE:The Adlerian approach to parent education emphasizes listening to children

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TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Adlerian couples therapists use a psychoeducational approach

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TRUE

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Glasser views diagnosis as:

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both (a description of behaviors people choose to deal with their pain) and ( largely inaccurate)

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Reality therapy is best categorized as

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a form of cognitive behavior therapy

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Reality therapy has gained popularity with

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all of these options

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Reality therapy is best described as

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a short term therapy that stresses doing

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The client's quality world consists of

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all but (insight)

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WDEP stands for:

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wants, doing, self-evaluation, planning

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Which of the following is not a component of total behavior

answer

wanting

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A reality therapist would most likely respond to a client's complaint of melancholy, sad mood by saying

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"Sounds like you're depressing"

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The function of the reality therapist is

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to assist clients in dealing with the present

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Wubboding believes all of the following encourage the client's involvement in therapy except for:

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allowing the client to focus on symptoms

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In reality therapy, the counseling environment is

answer

mildly confrontational

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Which methods are often used in reality therapy?

answer

all of these options

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Which of the following is not likely used by a reality therapist?

answer

none of these options would be used

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Which of the following procedures would a reality therapist be least likely to employ?

answer

reliving an early childhood event

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Which of the following is not a function of the reality therapist?

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focusing on areas of the client's life that need improvement so that they can achieve a "sucess identity"

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All of the following are true about planning and commitment in reality therapy except

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a great deal of time is spent on this step of reality therapy

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Reality therapy is based on which of the following orientations to understanding human behavior

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deterministic

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According to reality therapy, which of the following is not true as it relates to mental illness and mental health?

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Psychosis can be directly related to distorted thinking patterns

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Reality therapists are likely to deal with all of the following except for:

answer

asking clients to recall, report, and share dreams

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A reality therapist will primarily focus on

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present behavior

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When reality therapists explore a client's past, they tend to focus on

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past sucesses

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In reality therapy, the purpose of developing an action plan is

answer

to arrange for sucessful experience

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In reality therapy, when a client fails to carry out their plans, the therapist will

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challenge the client to accept the reasonable consequence of their behavior

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Which of the following is a contribution of reality therapy

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it provides a structure for both clients and therapists to evaluate the degree and nature of changes

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Reality therapy rests on the central idea that

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we choose our behavior and are responsible for what we do, think, and feel

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Glasser would agree with all of the following conclusions except:

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we are most likely to change if we are threatened by punishment

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The core of reality therapy consists of

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teaching clients to take effective control of their lives

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A limitation of this approach as it applies to multicultural counseling is

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oppressed clients may have little control over their circumstances

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All of the following are procedures that are commonly used in reality therapy except:

answer

exploring early recollections

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Which of the following procedures would a reality therapist be least likely to employ?

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asking a client to emotionally reexperience an emotional experience

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In reality therapy grou, the leader

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may encounter resistance from members when providing suggestions for how clients can best get what they want

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All of the following are key characteristics of contemporary reality therapy except for

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there is a focus on talking about symptoms that bring a client to therapy

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Regarding group counseling, reality therapists:

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both (implement the WDEP system) and (encourage clients to develop their own homework assignments)

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According to the choice theory, psychiatric symptoms are

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both (the direct result of choices we have made) and (manifsted as a means of trying to get our needs met)

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According to Glasser, many of the problems of clients are caused by

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their inability to connect of have satisfying relationships with at least one of the significant people in their lives

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapists believe in a biological basis for mental illness

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapy is not well-suited to group counseling

answer

FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapy cautions against the therapist mentoring the client

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Contemporary reality therapy is based on the assumption that people are moved by inner forced; that bahevior not caused by environmental factors.

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TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Choice theory emphasizes that what happens outside us in the real world is of little significance unless it relates to what is inside us in our personal world.

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: One of the procedures of reality therapy is to work through unfinished business from the past

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapists see therapeutic value in working with a client's dreams

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Glasser's more recent writings give more emphasis to a noncritical, nonjudgemental, and accepting attitudfe on the therapist's part.

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapists ask clients to take a hard look ay whether their current actions are working for them

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapy sees transferrence as a way for the therapist to avoid getting personally involved in the clients' lives

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: The core of reality therapy is developing a plan for change as a way of translating talk into action

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: The first step in the process of reality therapy consists of a comprehensive assessment leading to a specific diagnosis

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Commitment puts the responsibility directly on clients for chaging

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TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapists refise to accept excuses

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapists use punishment as a way to help clients follow through with their plans and commitments

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapy tends to be a long approach

answer

FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapy is a popular approach in correctional work

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Therapeutic contracts are frequently used in reality therapy

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapy is basically active, diretive, practical, didactic, cognitive, and bahevioral.

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Choice theory is based on the assumption that people are in charge of their own destiny

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapists maintain that clients will not change unless they assume a self-critical attitude

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Clients are expected to focus on their feelings and attitudes, and then their behavior will change

answer

FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Glasser recommends that therapists look back for the causes of a client's present failures

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FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: A main function of the reality therapist is to encourage clients to assess their behavior to determine how well it is working for them

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapy is often used in treating drug and alcohol abusers

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: It is the job of the reality therapist to convey the idea that no matter how bad things are there is hope

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: The SAMIC plan is an essential part of the evaluatioin phase of the WDEP system.

answer

FALSE

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TRUE or FALSE: Robert Wubboding stresses the importance of an engaging therapeutic environment

answer

TRUE

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TRUE or FALSE: Regaurding group work, members provide on another with feedback regarding theor choices and plans

answer

TRUE

question

TRUE or FALSE: Reality therapy has strong empirical support

answer

FALSE

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