A & P Chap 22 – Flashcards
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What is the primary form in which carbon dioxide is carried in blood?
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as a bicarbonate ion in plasma
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Which parts of the respiratory system function as the main sites of gas exchange?
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alveoli
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Which of the following is the primary factor in oxygen attachment to, or release from, hemoglobin?
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partial pressure of oxygen
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What determines the respiratory rhythm in the body?
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medullary respiratory centers
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What is the most powerful respiratory stimulant in a healthy person?
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blood carbon dioxide level
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What is the amount of air that can be exhaled with the greatest possible exhalation after the deepest inhalation called?
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vital capacity
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What is the driving force behind pulmonary ventilation?
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volume changes of the thoracic cavity
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Which of the following is NOT a physical factor that influences pulmonary ventilation? -partial pressure of oxygen in the air -airway resistance -alveolar surface tension -lung compliance
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partial pressure of oxygen in the air
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Which of the following processes are unique to the respiratory system?
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pulmonary ventilation and external respiration
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What is ventilation-perfusion coupling?
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Matching the amount of gas reaching the alveoli to the blood flow in pulmonary capillaries
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Which of the following represents all of the processes involved in respiration in the correct order?
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Pulmonary ventilation; External respiration; Transport of respiratory gases; Internal respiration
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Which of the following respiratory structures is more commonly known as the "throat"?
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Pharynx
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Which of the following are the two main functions of the larynx.
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Voice production; to act as a switching mechanism to route air and food into the proper channels.
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The _________________ is also known as the "guardian of the airways".
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epiglottis
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The smallest subdivisions of the lung visible with the naked eye are the _____________, which appear to be connected by black carbon in smokers.
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lobules
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Systemic venous blood that is to be oxygenated in the lungs is delivered by the ____________, and the ____________ provide oxygenated systemic blood to lung tissue.
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pulmonary arteries; bronchial arteries
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________, the difference between the intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures, prevents the lungs from collapsing.
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Transpulmonary pressure
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Quiet inspiration is ____________, and quiet expiration is ______________.
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an active process; a passive process
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Which form of CO2 transport accounts for the least amount of CO2 transported in blood?
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Dissolved in plasma
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Which of the following is the most powerful respiratory stimulant?
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Rising CO2 levels
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The structures within the respiratory system's conducting zone include the trachea and the paranasal sinuses. T or F
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True
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The alveoli are also known as alveolar sacs. T or F
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False
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Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures exerted independently by each gas in the mixture. T or F
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False
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Dalton's law of partial pressures states that when a gas is in contact with a liquid, that gas will dissolve in the liquid in proportion to its partial pressure. T or F
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False
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Emphysema is distinguished by permanent shrinkage of the alveoli. T or F
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False
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Although lung cancer is difficult to cure, it is highly preventable. T or F
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True
