question

As a cell becomes larger, its a. volume increases faster than its surface area b. surface area increases faster than its volume c. volume increases, but its surface area stays the same d. surface area stays the same, but its volume increases

answer

a. volume increases faster than its surface area

question

As a cell grows, it a. places more demands on DNA b. uses up food and oxygen more quickly c. has more trouble moving enough materials across its cell membrane d. all of the above

answer

d. all of the above

question

If the surface area of a cell increases 100 times, its volume increases

answer

1000 times

question

The rate at which wastes are produced by a cell depends on the cell's

answer

volume

question

All of the following are problems that growth causes for cells EXCEPT a. DNA overload b. excess oxygen c. obtaining enough food d. expelling wastes

answer

b. excess oxygen

question

Compared to small cells, large cells have more trouble a. dividing b. producing daughter cells c. moving needed materials in and waste products out d. making copies of their DNA

answer

c. moving needed materials in and waste products out

question

The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called

answer

cell division

question

Which of the following is NOT a way that cell division solves the problems of cell growth? a. cell division provides each daughter cell with its own copy of DNA b. cell division increases the mass of the original cell c. cell division increases the surface area of the original cell d. cell division reduces the original cell's volume

answer

b. cell division increases the mass of the original cell

question

If a normal cell divides, you can assume that

answer

it has grown to its full size

question

If a cell's DNA were not copied before cell division, the cell could a. have a DNA overload b. become cancerous c. fail to exchange materials d. divide

answer

a. have a DNA overload

question

Which of the following happens when a cell divides? a. the cell's volume increases b. it becomes more difficult for the cell to get enough oxygen and nutrients c. the cell has DNA overload d. each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell's DNA

answer

d. each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell's DNA

question

When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?

answer

only during cell division

question

Which of the following is a phase in the cell cycle? a. G1 phase b. G2 phase c. M phase d. all of the above

answer

d. all of the above

question

Which pair is correct? a. G1 phase, DNA replication b. G2 phase, preparation for mitosis c. S phase, cell division d. M phase, cell growth

answer

b. G2 phase, preparation for mitosis

question

When during the cell cycle is a cell's DNA replicated?

answer

S phase

question

Which event occurs during interphase? a. the cell grows b. centrioles appear c. spindle fibers begin to form d. centromeres divide

answer

a. the cell grows

question

Which of the following is a correct statement about the events of the cell cycle? a. little happens during the G1 and G2 phases b. DNA replicates during cytokinesis c. the M phase is usually the longest phase d. interphase consists of the G1, S, and G2 phases

answer

d. interphase consists of the G1, S, and G2 phases

question

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about the events of the cell cycle? a. interphase is usually the longest phase b. DNA replicates during the S phase c. cell division ends with cytokinesis d. the cell grows during the G2 phase

answer

d. the cell grows during the G2 phase

question

Cell division represented in Figure 10-1 by the letter

answer

D

question

The cell cycle is the a. series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide b. period of time between the birth and the death of a cell c. time from prophase until cytokinesis d. time it takes for one cell to undergo mitosis

answer

a. series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide

question

The structure labeled A in figure 10-2 is called the

answer

centromere

question

The structures labeled B in figure 10-2 are called

answer

sister chromatids

question

During which phase(s) of mitosis are structures like the one shown in figure 10-2 visible?

answer

prophase and metaphase

question

Which of the following is a phase of mitosis? a. cytokinesis b. interphase c. prophase d. S phase

answer

c. prophase

question

The first phase of mitosis is called

answer

prophase

question

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?

answer

metaphase

question

Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence? a. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase b. interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase c. interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase d. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

answer

a. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

question

What is the role of the spindle during mitosis?

answer

it helps separate the chromosomes

question

The two main stages of cell division are called

answer

cytokinesis and mitosis

question

One difference between cell division in plant cells and in animal cells is that plant cells have

answer

a cell plate

question

During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell having four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing

answer

four chromosomes

question

What happens when cells come into contact with other cells?

answer

they stop growing

question

Which of the following is a factor that can stop normal cells from growing? a. contact with other cells b. growth factors c. a cut in the skin d. cyclin that has been taken from a cell in mitosis

answer

a. contact with other cells

question

Cells grown in a petri dish tend to divide until they form a thin layer covering the bottom of the dish. If cells are removed from the middle of the dish, the cells bordering the open space will begin dividing until they have filled the empty space. What does this experiment show? a. when cells come into contact with other cells, they stop growing b. the controls on cell growth and division can be turned on and off c. cell division can be regulated by factors outside the cell d. all of the above

answer

d. all of the above

question

Which of the following explains why normal cells grown in a petri dish tend to stop growing once they have covered the bottom of the dish?

answer

contact with other cells stops cell growth

question

When cytoplasm from a cell that is undergoing mitosis is injected into a cell that is in interphase, the second cell

answer

enters mitosis

question

In eukaryotic cells, the timing of the cell cycle is regulated by

answer

cyclins

question

Cyclins are a family of closely related proteins that a. regulate the cell cycle b. produce p53 c. cause cancer d. work to heal wounds

answer

a. regulate the cell cycle

question

Which of the following regulate(s) the cell cycle? a. growth factors b. cyclins c. p53 d. all of the above

answer

d. all of the above

question

Which of the following is an internal regulator of the cell cycle? a. cyclins b. growth factors c. the mitotic spindle d. cancer cells

answer

a. cyclins

question

Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their

answer

growth rate

question

Cancer cells form masses of cells called

answer

tumors

question

A cell with a defective p53 gene is likely to a. divide regularly b. stop dividing c. accumulate chromosomal damage d. combat tumors

answer

c. accumulate chromosomal damage

question

Cancer affects a. humans only b. most unicellular organisms c. multicellular organisms d. unicellular organisms

answer

c. multicellular organisms

question

What is a tumor?

answer

a mass of cancer cells

question

As a cell's size increases, its ratio of surface area to volume "increases".

answer

false, decreases

question

As a cell's size increases, it places more demand on its "DNA".

answer

true

question

The "smaller" a cell is, the more difficult it is for the cell to move enough materials across its cell membrane.

answer

false, larger

question

Cell division solves the problem of cell growth by "increasing" cell volume.

answer

false, decreasing

question

An imaginary cubic cell with a side length of 10mm would have a ratio of surface area to volume of "6:10".

answer

true

question

Most of a cell's growth takes place during the "G2" phase of the cell cycle.

answer

false, G1

question

A cell's chromosomes are replicated during "interphase".

answer

true

question

If it takes a cell one hour to undergo mitosis, about "50 minutes" of the time would be spent in prophase.

answer

false, 30-36 minutes

question

The structure shown in figure 10-2 is a "replicated chromosome".

answer

true

question

Typically, the longest phase of mitosis is "metaphase".

answer

false, prophase

question

A cell splits into two daughter cells during "telophase".

answer

true

question

Normal cells "stop growing" when they come into contact with other cells.

answer

true

question

Proteins called "cyclins" help regulate the cell cycle.

answer

true

question

"Cancer" is a disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth and division.

answer

true

question

Lack of control over "mitosis" is the cause of all cancers.

answer

false, the cell cycle

question

What does figure 10-4 represent? How do you know if this is an animal cell or a plant cell?

answer

Figure 10-4 represents mitosis, showing prophase (d), metaphase (a), anaphase (c), and telophase (b). I know this is an animal cell because it contains centrioles, it is round, and it doesn't have a cell plate.

question

What is the chromosome number of the cell shown in Figure 10-4?

answer

4

question

Identify the structures labeled X and Y in figure 10-4.

answer

x- centrioles y- spindle fibers

question

List the correct order for the diagrams in Figure 10-4.

answer

D, A, C, B

question

After the steps shown in Figure 10-4 are arranged in the correct order, what would a diagram of the next step show?

answer

cytokinesis- when the cytoplasm divides and the cell splits into 2 daughter cells

question

Look at Figure 10-6. Which diagram shows cancer cells? How do you know?

answer

A, because there is an unorganized mass of cells (they aren't growing in an organized way, forming a tumor).

question

Explain how cancer cells are different from normal cells. Then, relate these characteristics to the diagram in Figure 10-6 that shows cancer cells.

answer

Cancer cells don't respond to the signals that regulate growth in normal cells, so they often divide before the chromosomes are duplicated, causing them to lose genetic material. This unregulated growth can lead to uncontrollable masses of cancer cells, which is what is shown in diagram A of Figure 10-6.

question

Look at the cancer cells shown in Figure 10-6. What can happen if these cells are left untreated?

answer

The cancer cells might break off and spread throughout the organism, causing serious medical conditions or death.

question

Explain the role that p53 might have had in the growth and division of the cells shown in each diagram in Figure 10-6.

answer

Cells in diagram B have normal p53 genes, which prevent the division of cells until the chromosomes have been replicated. The cancerous cells in diagram A have a defective p53 gene, causing them to divide uncontrollably.

question

How might the cancer cells shown in Figure 10-6 be prevented from doing more harm to the organism they are a part of?

answer

If these cells were removed from the organism with cancer treatments such as radiation or chemotherapy, they couldn't produce more cancerous cells or spread throughout the body.

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