Physiology Chapter 11 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Glands that release their secretion into ducts leading to a body surface are called ____ glands.
answer
exocrine
question
Cancer patients often develop endocrine disorders because
answer
cancer cells sometimes secrete hormones inappropriately.
question
Steroid hormones produce their effects by
answer
activating genes.
question
A group of lipids called ____ have powerful, regulating effects on a variety of tissues.
answer
prostaglandins
question
A group of lipids called prostaglandins act as "local hormones" on a variety of tissues.
answer
True
question
Cyclic AMP is produced from molecules of ____ as a result of enzymatic action.
answer
ATP
question
Hormone concentrations are regulated by
answer
levels of substances in the blood only.
question
The secretion of hormones from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is largely controlled by
answer
releasing hormones from the hypothalamus.
question
Releasing hormones from the hypothalamus have target cells in the anterior pituitary gland.
answer
True
question
When a gland is stimulated to increase its secretion by the substance it produces, a ____ feedback system is operating.
answer
positive
question
Which of the following is secreted by neurosecretory cells in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
answer
Antidiuretic hormone
question
Growth hormone
answer
does all of the above.
question
Which of the following hormones exerts its effect primarily on the reproductive organs?
answer
Follicle-stimulating hormone
question
Diabetes insipidus is caused by
answer
a lack of ADH.
question
The secretion of pituitary hormones is largely controlled by the hypothalamus.
answer
True
question
Oxytocin acts on the myoepithelial cells of the breasts and causes them to eject breast milk.
answer
True
question
Releasing hormones are carried from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary gland by vessels called hypophyseal ____ veins.
answer
portal
question
The hormone that stimulates the release of growth hormone is called ____.
answer
growth hormone-releasing hormone
question
Growth hormone release is stimulated by
answer
growth hormone releasing hormone.
question
Thyroxine
answer
increases the rate at which proteins are synthesized.
question
The hormone that decreases the plasma calcium concentration is
answer
calcitonin.
question
Cretinism is caused by
answer
hypothyroidism.
question
A person with an abnormally high metabolic rate, who is underweight and who has protruding eyes is exhibiting symptoms of
answer
hyperthyroidism.
question
The ____ gland must have iodine before it can synthesize its hormones.
answer
thyroid
question
The secretion of parathyroid hormone is controlled primarily by the
answer
plasma calcium concentration.
question
Parathyroid hormone stimulates
answer
osteoclast activity.
question
An example of a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla is
answer
epinephrine.
question
Aldosterone promotes the homeostasis of ions by causing the kidneys to
answer
conserve sodium and excrete potassium.
question
Cortisol
answer
stimulates the production of glucose from noncarbohydrates.
question
The neurons that stimulate secretions from cells of the adrenal medulla are best described as
answer
sympathetic neurons.
question
A deficiency of hormones from the adrenal medulla is likely to produce
answer
none of the above.
question
The sex hormones from the adrenal cortex are primarily androgens.
answer
True
question
Insulin causes
answer
a decrease in the concentration of blood glucose.
question
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by
answer
all of the above.
question
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by
answer
a disorder of the immune system.
question
Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus usually includes
answer
all of the above.
question
The pancreas functions as part of the endocrine system and as part of the ____ system.
answer
digestive
question
The pancreas functions as both an endocrine gland and as an exocrine gland.
answer
True
question
Melanoctye-stimulating hormone, which regulates the formation of melanin, is produced by the
answer
pars intermedia.
question
The ____ gland is a hormone-secreting structure located deep between the cerebral hemispheres attached to the roof of the third ventricle. It is involved in function of the biological clock.
answer
pineal
