Psychology Test Chapter 1 – Flashcards
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The greatest proportion of psychologist work in
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schools or other educational settings
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Which of the following is the best definition of psychologist
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the scientific study of behavior
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Psychologist Joe A. wants to find out why older people do not sleep as soundly as young people. Since he does not intend to use this information in the near future Joe A. would probably be labeled a
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research psychologist
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psychologist Joanne Z. uses the information about sleeping patterns and aging to prescribe some tips on sleeping better. Joanne Z. would probably be labeled an
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applied psychologist
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Why are theories useful?
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They provide a variety of ideas that can be further tested.
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How did Charles Darwins' insights ultimately influenced psychology.
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He showed us that study of animals might lead to a better understanding of humans
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Why is Wilhelm Wundt usually regarded as the father of psychologist
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He was the first person to open a laboratory to scientifically study humans
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Introspection refers to the process of
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looking into oneself and reporting sensations and emotions
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According to Sigmund Frued, most of the problems we experience as adults
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can be traced back to unconscious conflicts created during childhood
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What was one of the main ideas of William James famous 1,400 page test published in 1890
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James believed we should study humans as wholes and as individuals
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John Watson was most interested in
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the role of learning in behavior
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What did Watson hope to teach parents with his child rearing book
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How to apply principles of behaviorism in raising children
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Therapist Neisha T. uses eclectic approach to understand human behavior. Which of the following statements will most likely apple to her eclecticism
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She adopts bits and pieces from several methods of treatment
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Suffering from frequent anxiety attacks John H. consulted a psychologist who strongly believes in the neurobiological approach.
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he psychologist will examine the physical changes that occur within John during the anxiety attacks.
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According to the behavior approach why might a student talk back to a teacher?
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The student probably got rewarded somehow in the past for talking back.
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Famous behaviorist B. F. Skinner, before his death, worried that
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psychologist would soon become less scientific if it focused on behaviors that were not observable.
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Free will, according to behaviorists
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does not really exist at any age or under and situation
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Critics of behaviorism charge that behaviorism
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places too much emphasis on the past rewards and punishments and not enough on the present situation
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One of the main beliefs of the humanistic approach is that
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people are in control of their lives to great extent
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Which of the following statements would Carl Rodgers agree with most.
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Sarah felt sad because she was not living up to her potential
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According to Sigmund Freud, much of our behavior is motivated by
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all of the above
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The main purpose of Freud's psychoanalysis was to
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bring buried impulses to the surface
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What is the main difference between how psychologist study the unconscious today and how Freud studied the unconscious
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B and C only
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Another name for cognition is
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thinking
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If you were to consult a cognitive approach because you become nervous before tests which of the following suggestions would this psychologist most likely offer
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Make a list of all the internal sentences in your head just before you take a test and lets analyze this list.
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What is one main criticism of cognitive approach
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it downplays the role of emotions
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The sociocultural approach states that behavior is influenced by
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all the above
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At one time, sociocultural approach focused mainly on which two issues?
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prejudice and IQ testing
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Clinical psychologists
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work with patients who are having personal problems
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Educational psychologists
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do all the above
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Traci lies to her friends because they give her a lot of attention for it.
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Behavioral approach
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Frank lies to his friends because he doesn't feel like he is worth much or is not living up to all he can be.
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Neurobiological approach
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Jack becomes depressed because he keeps thinking "No one will ever like me"
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Cognitive approach
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Marci becomes depressed because of hidden resentment she feels towards her parents
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psychoanalytic approach
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Wayne constantly fight with his boss because Wayne doesn't understand the boss's social background and vice versa
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sociocultural approach
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Wilma constantly fights with Gertrude because Wilma level of stress level of stress hormones released in her body which therefore, affects her ability to control her temper.
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neurobiological approach
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Specifically study setting may affect behavior
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environmental psychologist
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Design systems and instruments that help people become more efficient
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engineering psychologist
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Often work in universities studying that causes of various behaviors
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experimental psychologist
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Often work in companies trying to improve working conditions in those companies
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industrial or consumer psychologist
