25.1 and 25.2 Nuclear chemistry – Flashcards
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Marie curie and pierre curie
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Shied that rays emitted by the uranium atoms caused the fogging of the plates
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Radioactucuty
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Process of the fog Material that gives off suck rays
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Radiation
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Penetrating rays and particles emitted by radioactive source
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Nuclear reactions differ from chemical reactions
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Chem reaction: atoms tend to attain stable electron configuration by losing or sharing Nuclear reaction: nuclear of unstable isotopes gain stability by undergoing changes then large amounts of energy follow
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Radioisotopes
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The nuclei of unstable isotopes
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Speeded up, slowed down,or turned off.
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The nuclear reactions of a given radioisotope cannot be...
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An unstable nucleus releases energy by emitting radiation during the process of radioactive decay
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Key concept
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3 main types of nuclear radiation
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Alpha radiation Beta radiation Gamma radiation
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Alpha radiation consists of
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Helium nuclei that have been enmities from a radioactive source.
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Alpha particle
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Contains two protons and two neutrons and has a double positive charge 4 2 HE Can't pass through paper
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Alpha beta gamma reflect different as they pass between a pair of electrically charged platea
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Alpha towards the negative plate Beta towards the positive Gamma are Un deflected
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Beta particle
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An electron resulting from the breaking apart of a neutron in an atom -1 Cant pass wood
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Gamma
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A high energy photon emitted by radioisotope No electrical charge and no mass Can pass through lead or concrete human body
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Nuclear force
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An attractive force that acts between all nuclear particles that are close together Dominates over electromagnetic resolutions and hold the nuclear together
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265nuclei are stable and do not decay or change with time
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The buckle are in a region called the band of stability
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Positron
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A particle with the mass of an electron but a positive charge
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Half life
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(t1/2) The time required for one half of the nuclei of a radioisotope sample to decay to products
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After each half life half of the existing radioactive Atoms have decayed into atoms of a new element
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Key concept
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Transmutation
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It's The conversion of an atom of one element to an atom of another element
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By radioactive decay and when particles bombard the nucleus of an atom
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Transmutation can occur
