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League of Nations

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Created after World War I to help resolve international conflicts. President Wilson promoted the league of nations as a way to promote peace in Europe but the USA did not join.

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Weimar Germany

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Name of the German government between World War I and World War 2. It ended when Hitler took power. Busted economy in Germany = inflation

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Paul von Hindenburg

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President of Germany before Hitler WW1 General Appointed Hitler

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Herman Goering

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German leader of the air-force - the Luftwaffe Number 2 in command beside Hitler

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Heinrich Himmler

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Leader of the SS Architect of the final solution

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Winston Churchill

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British prime minister Elected May 10th, 1940

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Neville Chamberlain

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British prime minister before Winston Known for appeasing German in the years before WW II. He infamously declared after the Munich Conference in 1938 that the agreement with Germany to avoid war would bring "peace in our time." War broke out in Europe the next year.

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Joseph Stalin

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Russian Dictator of soviet union

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Franklin Roosevelt

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USA president elected in 1932 Took office in 1933 Only President to serve more than two terms. He was elected four times and died in his fourth term in April 1945.

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Hirohito

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Japanese Emperor

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Mussolini

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Dictator of Italy Allied with Germany

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Einstein

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German born and refused to work for the Nazis Came to America and helped create the first atomic bomb

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Erwin Rommel

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Tank commander for Germany and known as the Desert Fox. Fought in the North African desert and defended the Atlantic Wall when the allies invaded. Likely involved in an assassination attempt against Hitler that resulted in his suicide on the orders of Hitler.

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Philippe Petain

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French head of government (president) when Germany invaded

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Vichy France

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Name of the French state headed by Philippe Petain It represents the southern unoccupied "free zone" that governed part of the country

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Nazi Party

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The National Socialists German Workers Party Political party in Germany

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SS

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Started as a paramilitary organization that served Hitler's body guards Later became part of the German army and were among the Army's fiercest and most effective fighters. Military symbol as side by side lightning bolts that looked like "SS" and a skull and bones symbol Played a major part in designing and constructing concentration camps and carrying out the final solution.

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Gestapo

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Secret Police of Germany created by Hermann Goring Arrested, imprisoned, and killed any suspected enemies of the state, often without any trial.

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Passers

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Short for Panzerkampfwagen. typically refers to German tanks Panzer tanks were generally bigger and more powerful than allied tanks.

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Luftwaffe

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Germany air force

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Blitzkrieg

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Lighting War Used in reference to the invasion of Poland in September 1939

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RAF

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The British Royal Air Force 1400 pilots

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Maginot Line

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Line of concrete fortifications, obstacles and weapon instillations built by the French to protect from a German invasion from the East.

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Dunkirk

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French beach where 1000's of soldiers were trapped following Germany's invasion of France. Resulted in a heroic evacuation by British Navy and civilian ships and boats that resulted in saving the British Army.

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Battle of Brittain

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Air battle between Germany/Britain British won

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Norway

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Germany and the French/British want to claim Norway Germany beats them to it

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Greece

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Germany made an air invasion of Crete and suffered many causalities Defended by civilians Allies thought they could win but there plan went wrong and civilians began to be evacuated

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U Boats

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German submarines that wreaked havoc merchant ships carrying vital war material across the Atlantic Ocean from the US to England.

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Nov 9, 1938

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Kristallnacht—night of shattered glass Started the German oppression of Jews in Germany Happened before the war

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Dawes Plan

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Meant to address the German reparations that were required as part of the end of World War I. German economy in shambles and no way to make the required payments. In an agreement of August 1924, the main points of The Dawes Plan were: The Ruhr area was to be evacuated by foreign troops Reparation payments would begin at one billion marks the first year, increasing annually to two and a half billion marks after five years The Reichsbank would be re-organized under Allied supervision The sources for the reparation money would include transportation, excise, and customs taxes Germany would be loaned 800 million marks, chiefly from the US and Britain[4] The Dawes Plan relied on capital lent to Germany by a consortium of American investment banks, led by J.P. Morgan & Co. under the supervision of the US State Department. The German economic state was precarious. The Dawes plan was based on the help of loans from the US that were unrelated to the previous war.

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Bernard Montgomery

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During the Second World War he commanded the British Eighth Army from August 1942 in the Western Desert until the final Allied victory in Tunisia in May 1943.

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Harry Truman

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American politician who served as the 33rd President of the United States (1945-53), assuming that office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt during the waning months of World War II.

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George Patton

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Senior officer of the United States Army who commanded the U.S. Seventh Army in the Mediterranean and European theaters of World War II, but is best known for his leadership of the U.S. Third Army in France and Germany following the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944.

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Dwight Eisenhower

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US President after Truman. He was a five-star general in the United States Army during World War II and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces in Europe. He was responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942-43 and the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944-45 from the Western Front.

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George Marshall

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He was Chief of Staff of the United States Army under presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman, and served as Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense under Truman. He was hailed as the "organizer of victory" by Winston Churchill for his leadership of the Allied victory in World War II

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Arthur Harris

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Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C) RAF Bomber Command during the height of the Anglo-American strategic bombing campaign against Nazi Germany in the Second World War.

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Henry Arnold

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American general officer holding the grades of General of the Army and General of the Air Force. Arnold was an aviation pioneer, Chief of the Air Corps (1938-1941).

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Douglas MacArthur

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American five-star general and field marshal of the Philippine Army. He was Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II. He received the Medal of Honor for his service in the Philippines Campaign.

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Chester Nimitz

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Fleet admiral of the United States Navy. He played a major role in the naval history of World War II as Commander in Chief, United States Pacific Fleet (CinCPac), for U.S. naval forces and Commander in Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas (CinCPOA), for U.S. and Allied air, land, and sea forces during World War II.

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Marshal Tito

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Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman, serving in various roles from 1943 until his death in 1980.[1] During World War II he was the leader of the Partisans, often regarded as the most effective resistance movement in occupied Europe.

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Hideki Tojo

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general of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA), the leader of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association, and the 27th Prime Minister of Japan during much of World War II, from October 17, 1941, to July 22, 1944. As Prime Minister, he was responsible for ordering the attack on Pearl Harbor, which initiated war between Japan and the United States

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Benito Mussolini

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Italian politician, journalist, and leader of the National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista; PNF), ruling the country as Prime Minister from 1922 to 1943. He ruled constitutionally until 1925, when he dropped all pretense of democracy and set up a legal dictatorship. Known as Il Duce (The Leader), Mussolini was the founder of Italian Fascism.

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Albert Einstein

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German-born theoretical physicist. He developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics.

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Omar Bradley

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Highly distinguished senior officer of the United States Army who saw distinguished service in North Africa and Western Europe during World War II, and later became General of the Army.

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Gerd von Rundstedt

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Field Marshal in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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Mark Clark

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During World War II, he commanded the United States Fifth Army, and later the 15th Army Group, in the Italian campaign. He is known for leading the Fifth Army in its capture of Rome in June 1944. He was the youngest lieutenant general (three-star general) in the United States Army during World War II.

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Isoruku Yamamoto

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a Japanese Marshal Admiral of the Navy and the commander-in-chief of the Combined Fleet during World War II until his death. He was the commander-in-chief during the decisive early years of the Pacific War and therefore responsible for major battles, such as Pearl Harbor and Midway. He died when American code breakers identified his flight plans and his plane was shot down. His death was a major blow to Japanese military morale during World War II.

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Albert Speer

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German architect who was, for most of World War II, Reich Minister of Armaments and War Production for Nazi Germany. Speer was Adolf Hitler's chief architect before assuming ministerial office. As "the Nazi who said sorry",[b] he accepted moral responsibility at the Nuremberg trials and in his memoirs for complicity in crimes of the Nazi regime, while insisting he had been ignorant of the Holocaust.

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Chuichi Nagumo

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a Japanese admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during World War II and onetime commander of the Kido Butai (the carrier battle group).[3] He killed himself during the Battle of Saipan.

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G.K. Zhukov

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Russian officer in the Red Army of the Soviet Union who became Chief of General Staff, Deputy Commander-in-Chief, Minister of Defence and a member of the Politburo. During World War II he participated in multiple battles, ultimately commanding the 1st Belorussian Front in the Battle of Berlin.

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Chiang Kai-shek

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Chinese political and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China between 1928 and 1975. At the onset of the Second Sino-Japanese War, which later became the Chinese theater of World War II, Zhang Xueliang kidnapped Chiang and obliged him to establish a Second United Front with the Communis

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Barbarossa

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code name for Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II, which was launched on Sunday 22 June 1941. The operation was driven by an ideological desire to conquer the Western Soviet Union so that it could be repopulated by Germans, to use Slavs as a slave labour force for the Axis war-effort, to seize the oil reserves in the Caucasus and the agricultural resources throughout the Soviet territories.[

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Leningrad

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Prolonged military blockade undertaken mainly by the German Army Group North against Leningrad, historically and currently known as Saint Petersburg, in the Eastern Front theatre of World War II.

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Kiev

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German name for the operation that resulted in a very large encirclement of Soviet troops in the vicinity of Kiev during World War II.

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Yugoslavia

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Military operations in World War II in Yugoslavia began on 6 April 1941, when the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was swiftly conquered by Axis forces and partitioned between Germany, Italy, Hungary, Bulgaria and client regimes. Subsequently, a guerrilla liberation war was fought against the Axis occupying forces and their locally established puppet regimes, including the Independent State of Croatia and the Serbian Government of National Salvation, by the KPJ-led republican Yugoslav Partisans. Simultaneously, a multi-side civil war was waged between the Yugoslav communist Partisans, the Serbian royalist Chetniks, Croatian fascist Ustaše and Home Guard, as well as Slovene Home Guard troops.[20]

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Stalingrad

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a major battle of World War II in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in Southern Russia.

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U-boats

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any submarine, the English one (in common with several other languages) refers specifically to military submarines operated by Germany, particularly in the First and Second World Wars. Although at times they were efficient fleet weapons against enemy naval warships, they were most effectively used in an economic warfare role (commerce raiding), enforcing a naval blockade against enemy shipping.

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Convoy

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Vehicles that travel together for mutual support.

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Pearl Harbor

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led to the United States' entry into World War II. The Japanese military leadership referred to the attack as the Hawaii Operation and Operation AI,[10][11] and as Operation Z during its planning.[12] Japan intended the attack as a preventive action to keep the U.S. Pacific Fleet from interfering with military actions they planned in Southeast Asia against overseas territories of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands

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Bismarck

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Bismarck was the first of two Bismarck-class battleships built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine. Named after Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, the primary force behind the unification of Germany in 1871, the ship was laid down at the Blohm & Voss shipyard in Hamburg in July 1936 and launched in February 1939. Work was completed in August 1940, when she was commissioned into the German fleet. Bismarck and her sister ship Tirpitz were the largest battleships ever built by Germany, and two of the largest built by any European power.

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Red Army

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Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. Suffered great losses throughout the war.

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Philippines

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American and Filipino campaign to defeat and expel the Imperial Japanese forces occupying the Philippines, during World War II.

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Sicily

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major campaign of World War II, in which the Allies took the island of Sicily from the Axis powers (Italy and Nazi Germany). It was a large amphibious and airborne operation, followed by a six-week land campaign and was the beginning of the Italian Campaign.

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Guadalcanal

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Operation Watchtower was a military campaign fought between 7 August 1942 and 9 February 1943 on and around the island of Guadalcanal in the Pacific theater of World War II. It was the first major offensive by Allied forces against the Empire of Japan.

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"Island Hopping"

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a military strategy employed by the Allies in the Pacific War against Japan and the Axis powers during World War II. The idea was to bypass heavily fortified Japanese positions and instead concentrate the limited Allied resources on strategically important islands that were not well defended but capable of supporting the drive to the main islands of Japan.[1]

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Midway

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naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II.[6][7][8] Between 4 and 7 June 1942, only six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor and one month after the Battle of the Coral Sea, the United States Navy under Admirals Chester Nimitz, Frank Jack Fletcher, and Raymond A. Spruance decisively defeated an attacking fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy under Admirals Isoroku Yamamoto, Chuichi Nagumo, and Nobutake Kondo near Midway Atoll, inflicting devastating damage on the Japanese fleet that proved irreparable. Military historian John Keegan called it "the most stunning and decisive blow in the history of naval warfare."[9]

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Burma

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Campaign in the South-East Asian theatre of World War II was fought in the British colony of Burma primarily between the forces of the British Empire and China, with support from the United States, against the invading forces of Imperial Japan, Thailand, and the Indian National Army. British Empire forces peaked at around 1,000,000 land, naval and air forces, and were drawn primarily from British India, with British Army forces (equivalent to 8 regular infantry divisions and 6 tank regiments),[31] 100,000 East and West African colonial troops, and smaller numbers of land and air forces from several other Dominions and Colonies.[6] The Burmese Independence Army (known to the legitimate Burmese government and the Allies as the "Burmese Traitor Army" - BTA) was trained by the Japanese and spearheaded the initial attacks against British Empire forces.

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Chinese Front

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In 1941 the U.S. made a series of decisions to support China in its war with Japan. Lend Lease supplies were provided after President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced the defense of China to be vital to the defense of the United States. Over the summer, as Japan moved south into French Indo-China, the U.S., Britain and the Netherlands instituted an oil embargo on Japan, cutting off 90% of its supplies.

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Kursk

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Engagement between German and Soviet forces on the Eastern Front near Kursk (450 kilometres or 280 miles south-west of Moscow) in the Soviet Union during July and August 1943. The German offensive was code-named Operation Citadel (German: Unternehmen Zitadelle) and led to one of the largest armoured clashes in history, the Battle of Prokhorovka. The German offensive was countered by two Soviet counter-offensives, Operation Polkovodets Rumyantsev (Russian: Полководец Румянцев) and Operation Kutuzov (Russian: Кутузов). For the Germans, the battle was the final strategic offensive that they were able to launch on the Eastern Front. Their extensive loss of men and tanks ensured that the victorious Soviet Red Army enjoyed the strategic initiative for the remainder of the war.

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Bomber Command

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Bomber Command is an organisational military unit, generally subordinate to the air force of a country. It found especial fame during World War II, when its aircraft were used for devastating night-time air raids on Germany and occupied Europe, principally the former, their bombing raids causing tremendous destruction of urban areas and factories.

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US 8t h Air Force

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Established on 22 February 1944 by the redesignation of VIII Bomber Command at RAF Daws Hill in High Wycombe, England, 8 AF was a United States Army Air Forces combat air force in the European Theater of World War II, engaging in operations primarily in the Northern Europe AOR; carrying out strategic bombing of enemy targets in France, the Low countries, and Germany;[3] and engaging in air-to-air fighter combat against enemy aircraft until the German capitulation in May 1945. It was the largest of the deployed combat Army Air Forces in numbers of personnel, aircraft, and equipment.

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P-51 Mustangs

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an American long-range, single-seat fighter and fighter-bomber used during World War II

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Warsaw Ghetto

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largest of all the Jewish ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe during World War II. It was established by the Nazi German authorities in the Muranów neighborhood of the Polish capital

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Normandy

answer

The Western Allies of World War II launched the largest amphibious invasion in history when they assaulted Normandy, located on the northern coast of France, on 6 June 1944. The invaders were able to establish a beachhead as part of Operation Overlord after a successful "D-Day," the first day of the invasion.

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Operation Cobra

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codename for an offensive launched by the First United States Army (Lieutenant General Omar Bradley) seven weeks after the D-Day landings, during the Normandy Campaign of World War II. The intention was to take advantage of the distraction of the Germans by the British and Canadian attacks around Caen, in Operation Goodwood[11] and break through the German defenses that were penning in his troops, while the Germans were unbalanced.

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Mortain

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Operation Lüttich was a codename given to a German counter-attack during the Battle of Normandy, which took place around the American positions near Mortain from 7 August to 13 August 1944. (Lüttich is the German name for the city of Liège in Belgium, where the Germans had won a victory in the early days of August 1914 during World War I.) The offensive is also referred to in American and British histories of the Battle of Normandy as the Mortain counter-offensive.

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Falaise Pocket

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decisive engagement of the Battle of Normandy in the Second World War. A pocket was formed around Falaise, Calvados, in which the German Army Group B, with the 7th Army and the Fifth Panzer Army (formerly Panzergruppe West) were encircled by the Western Allies. The battle is also referred to as the Battle of the Falaise Gap (after the corridor which the Germans sought to maintain to allow their escape), the Chambois Pocket, the Falaise-Chambois Pocket, the Argentan-Falaise Pocket or the Trun-Chambois Gap. The battle resulted in the destruction of most of Army Group B west of the Seine river, which opened the way to Paris and the Franco-German border for the Allied armies.

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Anzio/Rome

answer

Battle of Anzio[2] was a battle of the Italian Campaign of World War II that took place from January 22, 1944, with the Allied amphibious landing known as Operation Shingle to June 5, 1944, with the capture of Rome. The operation was opposed by German forces in the area of Anzio and Nettuno. The operation was initially commanded by Major General John P. Lucas, of the U.S. Army, commanding U.S. VI Corps with the intention being to outflank German forces at the Winter Line and enable an attack on Rome.

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Marianas Turkey Shoot

answer

Battle of the Philippine Sea (June 19-20, 1944) was a major naval battle of World War II that eliminated the Imperial Japanese Navy's ability to conduct large-scale carrier actions. It took place during the United States' amphibious invasion of the Mariana Islands during the Pacific War. nicknamed the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot by American aviators for the severely disproportional loss ratio inflicted upon Japanese aircraft by American pilots and anti-aircraft gunners.[3] D

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US Navy submarine blockade 78.

answer

??

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Okinawa

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series of battles fought in the Japanese Ryukyu Islands, centered on the island of Okinawa, and included the largest amphibious assault in the Pacific War during World War II, the 1 April 1945 invasion of Okinawa itself.[17][18] The 82-day-long battle lasted from 1 April until 22 June 1945. After a long campaign of island hopping, the Allies were planning to use Okinawa, a large island only 340 mi (550 km) away from mainland Japan, as a base for air operations for the planned invasion of the Japanese home islands.

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B-29 Superforttress

answer

The Boeing B-29 Superfortress is a four-engine propeller-driven heavy bomber designed by Boeing which was flown primarily by the United States during World War II and the Korean War. It was one of the largest aircraft operational during World War II and featured state of the art technology. It was the single most expensive weapons project undertaken by the United States in World War II, exceeding the cost of the Manhattan Project by between 1 and 1.7 billion dollar

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Curtis LeMay

answer

a general in the United States Air Force. credited with designing and implementing an effective, but also controversial, systematic strategic bombing campaign in the Pacific theater of World War II. During the war, he was known for planning and executing a massive fire bombing campaign against cities in Japan and a crippling minelaying campaign in Japan's internal waterways.

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Battle of the Bulge

answer

The Ardennes: Belgium, Luxembourg Result Allied victory Western Allied offensive plans delayed by five or six weeks[1] Disastrous offensive in the Ardennes exhausted the resources of Germany on the Western Front. The German collapse opened the way for the Allies ultimately to break the Siegfried Line Soviet offensive in Poland launched on 12 January 1945, eight days earlier than originally intended.[2]

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Rhine River

answer

Operation Plunder, as a part of a coordinated set of Rhine crossings. The crossing of the River Rhine was at Rees, Wesel, and south of the Lippe River by the British Second Army, under Lieutenant General Sir Miles C. Dempsey (Operations Turnscrew, Widgeon, and Torchlight), and the United States Ninth Army (Operation Flashpoint), under Lieutenant General William H. Simpson. The First Allied Airborne Army conducted Operation Varsity airborne landings on the east bank of the Rhine in support of Operation Plunder, consisting of U.S. XVIII Airborne Corps, the British 6th and the U.S. 17th Airborne Divisions.

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Oder River

answer

vistula-Oder Offensive was a successful Red Army operation on the Eastern Front in the European Theatre of World War II in January 1945. It saw the liberation of Kraków, Warsaw and Poznań.

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Po Valley

answer

The Spring 1945 offensive in Italy, codenamed Operation Grapeshot,[5] was the final Allied attack during the Italian Campaign in the final stages of the Second World War. The attack into the Lombardy Plain by the 15th Allied Army Group started on 6 April 1945, ending on 2 May with the formal surrender of German forces in Italy. Took Place in po valley

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Kamikaze

answer

e suicide attacks by military aviators from the Empire of Japan against Allied naval vessels in the closing stages of the Pacific campaign of World War II, designed to destroy warships more effectively than was possible with conventional attacks. During World War II, about 3,862 kamikaze pilots died, and about 19% of kamikaze attacks managed to hit a ship.[1]

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Tokyo Raid

answer

Doolittle Raid, also known as the Tokyo Raid, on Saturday, April 18, 1942, was an air raid by the United States of America on the Japanese capital Tokyo and other places on the island of Honshu during World War II, the first air strike to strike the Japanese Home Islands. It demonstrated that Japan itself was vulnerable to American air attack, served as retaliation for the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on Sunday, December 7, 1941, and provided an important boost to American morale. The raid was planned and led by Lieutenant Colonel James "Jimmy" Doolittle of the United States Army Air Forces.

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El Alamein

answer

battle of the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War, fought in Egypt between Axis forces (Germany and Italy) of the Panzer Army Africa (Panzerarmee Afrika) (also known as the Afrika Korps) commanded by Field Marshal (Generalfeldmarschall) Erwin Rommel nicknamed "The Desert Fox" and Allied (British Imperial and Commonwealth) forces (Britain, British India, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand) of the Eighth Army, commanded by General Claude Auchinleck. The British prevented a second advance by the Axis forces into Egypt.

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The Holocaust

answer

a genocide in which some six million European Jews were killed by Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany, and the World War II collaborators with the Nazis

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Auschwitz

answer

Auschwitz concentration camp (German: Konzentrationslager Auschwitz, pronounced [kɔntsɛntʁaˈtsi̯oːnsˌlaːɡɐ ˈʔaʊʃvɪts] ( listen), also KZ and KL Auschwitz) was a network of German Nazi concentration camps and extermination camps built and operated by the Third Reich in Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany during World War II. It consisted of Auschwitz I (the original camp), Auschwitz II-Birkenau (a combination concentration/extermination camp), Auschwitz III-Monowitz (a labor camp to staff an IG Farben factory), and 45 satellite camps.

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Yalta

answer

The Yalta Conference, sometimes called the Crimea Conference and code named the Argonaut Conference, held from February 4 to 11, 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union for the purpose of discussing Europe's postwar reorganization. The three states were represented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Premier Joseph Stalin, respectively. The conference convened in the Livadia Palace near Yalta in Crimea, Soviet Union. The goal of the conference[1] was to shape a post-war peace that represented not just a collective security order but a plan to give self-determination to the liberated peoples of post-Nazi Europe.

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The Battle of Berlin

answer

The Battle of Berlin, designated the Berlin Strategic Offensive Operation by the Soviet Union, was the final major offensive of the European theatre of World War II. Decisive Soviet victory resulted in Suicide of Adolf Hitler and deaths of other high-ranking Nazi officials Unconditional surrender of the Berlin city garrison on 2 May. German forces still fighting the battle outside Berlin capitulated on 8/9 May (following the unconditional surrender of all German forces—see End of World War II in Europe)

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Potsdam

answer

Stalin, Churchill, and Truman—as well as Attlee, who participated alongside Churchill while awaiting the outcome of the 1945 general election, and then replaced Churchill as Prime Minister after the Labour Party's defeat of the Conservatives—gathered to decide how to administer the defeated Nazi Germany, which had agreed to unconditional surrender nine weeks earlier, on 8 May (V-E Day). The goals of the conference also included the establishment of post-war order, peace treaty issues, and countering the effects of the war.

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Hiroshima

answer

At the order of President Harry S. Truman during the final stage of World War II, the United States dropped nuclear weapons on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945, respectively. The United States had dropped the bombs with the consent of the United Kingdom as outlined in the Quebec Agreement. The two bombings, which killed at least 129,000 people, remain the only use of nuclear weapons for warfare in history.

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Anne Frank

answer

a German-born diarist. One of the most discussed Jewish victims of the Holocaust, she gained fame posthumously following the publication of The Diary of a Young Girl (originally Het Achterhuis; English: The Secret Annex), in which she documents her life in hiding from 1942 to 1944, during the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II.

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Ernie Pyle

answer

Pulitzer Prize-winning American journalist. As a roving correspondent for the Scripps-Howard newspaper chain, he earned wide acclaim for his accounts of ordinary people in rural America, and later, of ordinary American soldiers during World War II. His syndicated column ran in more than 300 newspapers nationwide.

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Cold War

answer

Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others). Historians do not fully agree on the dates, but a common timeframe is the period between 1947, the year the Truman Doctrine (a U.S. foreign policy pledging to aid nations threatened by Soviet expansionism) was announced, and 1991, the year the Soviet Union collapsed.

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V-weapons

answer

Vergeltungswaffen (German pronunciation: [fɐˈgɛltʊŋsˌvafṇ], German: "retaliatory weapons", "reprisal weapons"), were a particular set of long-range artillery weapons designed for strategic bombing during World War II, particularly terror bombing and/or aerial bombing of cities.

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United Nations

answer

replacement for the ineffective League of Nations, the organization was established on 24 October 1945 after World War II in order to prevent another such conflict.

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Nuremburg Trials

answer

Nuremberg trials (German: die Nürnberger Prozesse) were a series of military tribunals, held by the Allied forces after World War II, which were most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, judicial and economic leadership of Nazi Germany who planned, carried out, or otherwise participated in the Holocaust and other war crimes. The trials were held in the city of Nuremberg, Germany, and their decisions marked a turning point between classical international law and contemporary international law.

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Iwo Jima

answer

major battle in which the United States Marine Corps landed on and eventually captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. The American invasion, designated Operation Detachment, had the goal of capturing the entire island, including the three Japanese-controlled airfields (including the South Field and the Central Field), to provide a staging area for attacks on the Japanese main islands.[4] This five-week battle comprised some of the fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the Pacific War of World War II.

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