World History:The Columbian Exchange – Flashcards
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What is the Columbian Exchange?
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1)The creation of colonies in the Americas that led to the exchange of new types of food, plants, and animals. 2)The exchange of plants, animals, and ideas between the New World (Americas) and the Old World (Europe).
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What caused the Columbian Exchange?
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Explorers spread and collected new plants, animals, and ideas around the globe as they traveled.
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What is commercial revolution?
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the expansion of trade and business.
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Capitalism
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An economic system based on private ownership and on the investment of money in business ventures in order to make a profit. This leads to inflation(having more money than goods).
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Joint Stock Exchange
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business in which investors pool their wealth for a common purpose, then share the profits
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Mercantilism
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1)a theory that a nation's wealth determined its status or power. This led to nations trying to become as wealthy as possible. 2) a system in which a government controls all economic activity in a country and its colonies to make the government stronger and richer.
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What was considered to be a measure of a country's strength under mercantilism?
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Governments did everything to get more gold and silver. Countries tried to export more goods than they imported so they could keep a more favorable balance of trade.
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How did nations achieve mercantilism (trying to become as wealthy as possible)?
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1) Under mercantilism, governments obtained more gold and silver as possible 2) Favorable trade and balances - selling more goods that you buy
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During the Columbian Exchange, what were some impacts on Native Americans?
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1)Forced labor 2)Disease 3)did not build up their a natural immunity
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During the Columbian Exchange, what were some impacts on the Europeans?
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1)largest comun tray migrations 2)overseas expansion and conflict 3)growth of trade markets
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During the Columbian Exchange, what were some impacts on Africans?
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1)labor was needed 2)slave trade exploded and created conflict 3)almost 10 million people were taken
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_____________ was so much a part of the Columbian Exchange as food and goods.
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Disease
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Europeans brought over _____ ___ and _________.
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small pox; measles
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Disease led to the _________ of millions of __________ ___________.
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death; Native Americans
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What were the effects of food during the Columbian Exchange?
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1)Exchange of foods an animals had a dramatic impact on later societies. 2)Over time, crops native to Americas became staples in diets of Europeans. 3)Foods provided substantial nutrition and helped people live longer.
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What were the effects of the Columbian Exchange on economics and gastronomics?
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1)Activities like Texas cattle ranching; The Brazilian coffee growing not possible without Columbian Exchange; coffee native to Old World. 2)Traditional cuisines changed because of Columbian Exchange
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Until contact with Americas, Europeans has never tried _________.
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tomatoes
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Most Europeans thought tomatoes were ___________.
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poisonous
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By the late 1600s, tomatoes had begun to be included in ________ _______.
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Italian Cookbooks
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During the Columbian Exchange, which two crops were the most important and why?
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White and sweet potatoes because it was inexpensive to grow and helped people live healthier and longer lives. This boosted the world's population.
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Why is exporting goods better for a counry's economy than importing goods?
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Selling imports brings in money; buying imports sends money to another country.
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What was the Triangular Trade?
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A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa.
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Name three plants and animals that Europeans brought to the Americas?
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plants-sugar cane, banana trees, grape vines animals-horses, cows, chickens
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What were some positive and negative results of the Columbian Exchange?
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positive-European/African foods introduced and American food to Europe/Africa. negative-Native Americans and Africans were forced to work on plantations. Diseases were also exchanged!
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What is a result of the Columbian Exchange?
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spread of Christianity
