question

Which of the following strained Japan's relations with Western powers in the early 1940s?

answer

Japanese military operations in Indochina, Malaya, and Burma

question

What drew Japan, Germany, and Italy into a political alliance by 1936-37?

answer

hostility towards the Soviet Union

question

What effect did World War II have on communism?

answer

It enabled communist parties in Eastern Europe and China to assume power.

question

In contrast to what transpired during World War I, Germany during World War II was able to

answer

conquer France quickly

question

What effect did the U.S. Marshall Plan have on European economies?

answer

it promoted economic growth and widespread prosperity in Western Europe

question

Which of the following was a more prominent feature of World War II than World War I?

answer

the blurring of the line between civilian and military targets

question

Which of the following resulted from Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor?

answer

the wars in Asia and Europe merged in to a single global war

question

What happened to Europe's empires in Asia and Africa after the end of World War II?

answer

European empires collapsed as colonies achieved independence

question

Which of the following committed the United States to the defense of Europe against the Soviet Union after World War II?

answer

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization

question

How did the American occupation of Japan after World War II affect the Japanese economy?

answer

it prompted rapid economic growth and generated economic prosperity

question

Which of the following contributed to Western European recovery after the devastation of World War II?

answer

the ability of Western European countries to integrate their economies

question

Which of the following reflects aspects of the Chinese Communist Party's strategy on its revolutionary path to power?

answer

Land reform and guerrilla warfare

question

What did the Russian and Chinese revolutions share in common with the French Revolution?

answer

a vision of the good society in a modernizing future

question

In contrast to Russia, the communist revolution in China

answer

focused on building peasant supporting in the countryside

question

What did the different expressions of global communism in the twentieth century share in common?

answer

a common ideology derived from European Marxism

question

Which of the following refers to the military alliance that united the Soviet Union with Eastern European communist states against Western capitalist countries during the cold war?

answer

the Warsaw Pact

question

Which of the following contributed to the outbreak of the Russian Revolution?

answer

the pressures of World War I

question

Which of the following promises made by the Bolsheviks resonated with the majority of the Russian population in 1917?

answer

worker control of factories

question

Which of the following contributed to the Bolsheviks' victory in the Russian civil war?

answer

the divisions among their opponents

question

Which of the following made modernization more difficult in China than in Russia?

answer

the larger population in China

question

Which of the following was a feature common in both Soviet and Chinese policies toward women?

answer

they were largely state-directed

question

In contrast to China, the collectivization of agriculture in the Soviet Union

answer

was marked by extensive violence and the execution or deportation of wealthier peasants.s

question

Which of the following was a criticism of the Soviet model of industrialization made by Chinese leaders in the mid-1950s?

answer

it promoted individualistic and careerist values

question

What was the end result of Mao's two great campaigns—the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution?

answer

the death and ruins of tens of millions, and the widespread discrediting of communism

question

Which of the following was a value emphasized in the socialist modernity of communist states?

answer

equality

question

Which of the following was a feature of most communist states?

answer

mass organizations controlled by the Communist Party

question

Which of the following events in China was most similar to the search for "enemies of the people" in the Soviet Terror of the late 1930s?

answer

the cultural revolution

question

How did the cold war affect countries emerging from colonial rule in the second half of the twentieth century?

answer

Both the United States and the Soviet Union gave them military and economic aid in the hope of gaining their support.

question

Which of the following contributed to American global influence in the decades following World War II?

answer

a productive economy in a country untouched by the destruction of war

question

Which of the following describes relations among those countries controlled by communist parties?

answer

bitter and divisive conflict undermined any sense of communist solidarity

question

Refer to Map 21.3 in the textbook. In which country did a Soviet-backed communist regime assume power in 1979?

answer

Afghanistan

question

Which of the following countries' membership in the "second world" of communist countries occurred without Soviet military intervention?

answer

Cuba

question

Which of the following countries was an arena for a "hot war" between Soviet-backed communist forces and U.S.-backed resistance forces?

answer

Afghanistan

question

The tensions of the cold war strengthened the influence of which of the following on the governments of the United States and the Soviet Union?

answer

the military-industrial complex

question

Which of the following contributed to the failure of Soviet reforms to strengthen socialism and revive a stagnant economy?

answer

the planned economy was dismantled before a functioning market-based system could emerge

question

What was the result of the reforms instituted under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping in China in the 1980s?

answer

rapid economic growth based on capitalist models

question

What effect did the Soviet policy of glasnost have on the communist countries in Eastern Europe?

answer

it sparked demonstrations that toppled the communist states in Eastern Europe

question

Which of the following occurred in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of communism?

answer

Open conflict among different ethnic groups living within the same state

question

In the twenty-first century, international tensions born of communism remain in

answer

East Asia and the Caribbean

question

Which of the following was a feature of both Soviet and Chinese reforms in the 1980s and 1990s?

answer

welcoming foreign investment in joint enterprises

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