World History Exam Study Guide – Flashcards
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who created the Illiad and the Odyssey?
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homer
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what is the home of the Greek gods?
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mount olympus
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fortified place and religious center
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acropolis
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what was written by Herodotus which is commonly regarded as the first real history in Western Civilization?
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History of the persian wars
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city state
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polis
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ruled by few
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oligarchy
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the illiad and the odyssey were what?
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epics
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what was the result of Alexander the Great's conquests?
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Greek language, art, and culutre spread throughout asia
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Who were the bronze using people of Crete?
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minoans
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What influenced Greek history?
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mountains and seacoast
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How do most historians believe the Minoan civilization was destroyed?
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by tidal wave
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Who did a unified Greek army defeat 479 B.C?
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persians
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Who determined the circumference of the earth within 185 miles of accuracy?
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eratosthenes
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Who helped with the early development of Rome, and what did they do?
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Eutruscans, launched a building program
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What was the fist written set of laws by the Romans?
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twelve tables
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Who was the First Triumvirate made up of?
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Crassus, Pompey, and Julius Caesar
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What happened to the power of paterfamilias in Roman history?
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lost power
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Who became the Roman Empire's first Christian emperor?
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Constantine
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Under which emperor did Rome adopt Christianity as its official religion?
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Theodusius the Great
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What did the politicak and military reforms of Diocletian and Constantine do?
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drained civil funds, enhanced army and civil service
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What is a form of government in which the leader is not a monarch, and certain citizens choose a representative to vote for them?
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republic
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What was the Roman Senate?
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a select group of 300 patricians who served for life
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What happened to Julius Caesar
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assassinated
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What was a period of peace and prosperity in rome?
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Pax Romana
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What did the edict of Milan proclaim?
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official tollerence of christians
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Who were wealthy landowners that served in the senate?
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patricians
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True or False, Rome was located on the ocean?
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false
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Rome was ruled by a _________for its first 500 years
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monarchy
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What did romans NOT excel at?
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pure democracy
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In what war did the romans defeat Carthage?
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Punic wars
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What is a law code which provided muslim believers with a set of rules for everyday life?
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shari'ah
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What dynasty replaced the Umayyad dynasty?
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abbasids
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A ______ is a covered market which was a crucial part of every muslim city.
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bazaar
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What is hajj?
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pilgrimage to mecca
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If faithful muslims follow the five pillars of islam they can expect what?
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a place in paradise
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According to islam who was the prophet of allah?
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muhammad
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According to the quran, fair and defensive warfare is called jihad, what does jihad mean?
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struggle in the way of God
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what caused mistrust and hatred between christians and muslims?
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crusades
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In addition to the five pillars of islam muslims obey the ________ which forbids the consumption of pork, alcohol, and forbids gambling.
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shari'ah
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what happened to the edical encyclopedia that was written by Ibn Sina?
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it was translated and used as a text book
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what was the most important thing that a king could give to a vassal?
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land
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________ was the code followed by knights
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chivalry
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in 1066 who invaded england, won the battle of hastings, and took over england?
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william of normandy
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What was a document that limited the power of kings and monarchies?
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magna carta
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who was the muslim leader taht signed a truce with king richard I?
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Saladin
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Which pope increased the power of the pope and the church?
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gregory I
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what was at the heart of feudalism?
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a vassals loyalty to king and manor
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Who was the author of The Body of Civil Law?
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Justinian
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Who started the crusades?
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pope urban II
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Who defeated the muslims at the battle of toors?
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charles martel
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Who expanded the power of the royal courts?
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henry II
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Who converted the franks to christianity?
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clovis
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Aristocrtic women could do anything but what?
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manage the church
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where does a monk live?
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monastery
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Who did not conquer the Holy Land: Muslims, Christians, Vikings?
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vikings
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who were not allowed to leave the manor, and were bound to the land?
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serfs
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what teaching was supposed to reconcile faith and reason?
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scholasticism
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what was literature written in the language of everyday speech in a particular region?
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vernacular
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who brought the 100 years war to a turning point by leading the french troops?
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joan of arc
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Spain's two strongest kingdoms, castile and aragon were united when ________.
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ferdinand married isabella
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_______ is practiced by which kinds or rulers chose the church officials.
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lay investiture
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to achieve his political ends pope innocent III used an ______ which prohibited sacraments to be given to the people.
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interdict
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the ________ was a court created by the catholic church that punished heritics
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inquisition
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The black death killed nearly 38 million resulting in __________.
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major economic consequenses
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What caused england more turmoil after the 100 years war?
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the war of the roses
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what did not help population increase during the high middle ages?
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increased peace and stability
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true or false, the two field system did NOT improve agriculture in europe.
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true
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true or false, a vassal is NOT a part of the guild training system.
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true
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true or false chivalry is a part of the guild training system.
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false
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what type of architecture was characterized by ribbed vaults, pointed arches, flying buttresses, and stained-glass windows?
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gothic
