World History, Chapter 4 Vocabulary – Flashcards
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Agora
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An open area that served as a place where people could assemble and use as a market
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Hoplites
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Heavily armed foor soldiers
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Phalanx
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A type of batte tactic at which soldiers would stand shoulder to shoulder in a rectangular formation holding their shields like a wall.
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Tyrant
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Ruler who seized power by force from the aristocrats
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Democracy
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A type of government which is ruled by the people
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Oligarchy
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A government ruled by few
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Helots
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Prisoners which then became slaves
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Ephors
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A group of 5 men in the Spartan governmental system
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Delian Leauge
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A defensive alliance against the Persians formed by the Athenians in 478 B.C.
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Age of Pericles
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The period of classical Athenian and Greek history
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Direct Democracy
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A government system where all male citizen partakes in the decission making in the governemnt through direct, mass meetings.
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Ostracism
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The process which members of the assembly would write the name of a harmful person and if at least 6,000 members say the name, that person will be banned for 10 years.
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Macedonia
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The rising power that everyone ignored during the Great Peloponnesian War
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Rituals
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Ceremonies or rites that Greeks used to worship the Gods and Goddesses
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Oracle
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A sacred shrine where a god or goddess revealed the furture through a priest or priestess
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Tragedies
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the first Greek dramas; presented in a trilogy ... serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, war or betrayal
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Philosophy
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The referance to an organized system of thought
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Pythagoras
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An example to explain the universe. It was taught that the essence of the universe could be found in music and numbers
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Sophists
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A group of travceling teachers in ancient Greece who rejected speculation such as that of the Pythagoras as foolish.
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Hellonistic Era
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A new age created by Alexander where Greek language and ideas spread and expanded to non-Greek places like Southwest Asia.
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Stoicism
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The most popular philosophy of the Hellenistic world. It was taught that possessions aren't necessary to be happy.
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Arete
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A hero strives for excellence
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Epic Poem
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A long poem that tells the deeds of a great hero
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