question

Which nation ultimately won complete control over India?

answer

England

question

Which product imported from Europe changed the lives of native americans living on the great plains in north America?

answer

Horses

question

Slaveholders didn't want enslaved people to have children because

answer

Buying a slave was thought to be less expensive than rearing a child from birth

question

Conquistadors main advantage over Aztec and Inca empires was their

answer

Types of weaponry

question

Spanish and Portuguese kings appointed ______ to govern their colonies in Latin America

answer

Viceroys

question

Why could only peninsulares hold important government positions in Latin America?

answer

Peninsulares were born in the parent countries that founded their colonies

question

The more that European countries expanded in the Americas, the more they increased the

answer

Slaves trade from west Africa

question

Portuguese were the first to explore other lands because they had

answer

Superior ships

question

The Dutch traded luxury items from India as well as enslaved people from west Africa as an attempt to

answer

Become less dependent on Spain and Portugal and gain wealth

question

The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in 1494,

answer

Established a line between territories controlled by Spain and those controlled by Portugal

question

The process by which an African person became enslaved in the Americas began with

answer

Exchange of European-made goods for African slaves

question

What is the correct list of social classes from colonial Latin America from highest to lowest

answer

Peninsulares, Creoles, mestizos, mulattos

question

Juana Inés de la Cruz wrote

answer

Poetry and prose and urged that women be educated

question

The Dutch competed successfully for trade in Asia because of the

answer

Development of a new ship along with the growth of mercantilism in the Dutch Republic

question

One effect of the slave trade on African societies was

answer

Decreased populations in some areas

question

Why were enslaved Africans needs in the Caribbean islands?

answer

Native American population was small due to diseases brought by Europeans

question

Christopher Columbus called Honduras and the Caribbean Islands the Indies because he

answer

Thought he was in Asia instead of the Americas

question

How did Catholic missionaries aid European powers in controlling the lives of Native Americans?

answer

They brought Native Americans together in villages where they were taught trades and encouraged to grow crops

question

What helped Portuguese explorers in their travels?

answer

Knowledge of wind patterns

question

Potatoes from America spurred population growth in Europe because they

answer

Yielded more food per acre than previous crop

question

Why were African slaves imported to work on encomiendas in Latin America?

answer

Harsh working conditions caused a decline in Native American laborers

question

What explains why encomiendas was a failure?

answer

Native Americans often abused instead of being protected by settlers

question

Early Dutch settlements in north America didn't succeed because

answer

Conflicts with Spain and Portugal bankrupted thr Dutch West India Company

question

Which of the European rivals formed the West India Company to gain a foothold in the Americas in the 16th Century

answer

Dutch

question

Why did the Catholic church have so much influence in Latin America?

answer

Spanish and Portuguese rulers wanted Native Americans to become Catholic

question

When British opened trading posts in the East, they brought cotton goods from India to the West Indies in order to

answer

Barter for spices

question

The Catholic church contributed to the colonization of Latin America by

answer

Setting up a network of missions to convert and educate Native Americans

question

In trading with their Latin American colonies, Spain and Portugal exported mainly

answer

Manufactured goods

question

Social class in Latin America in the 1500s was based on

answer

Status

question

What were the most important Latin American natural resources for Spain?

answer

Silver and gold

question

What other countries settled in the Americas, challenging the financial control enjoyed by the Spanish and Portuguese?

answer

Netherlands, France, and England

question

The Seven Year War resulted in

answer

France's withdrawal from India

question

How did the Portuguese and Spanish make money from their Latin American colonies?

answer

Farming and mining

question

What made the 17th century a golden age of commerce for the Dutch

answer

Domination of the spice trade in India

question

The Portuguese monarchy exerted its power over Brazil by

answer

Appointing a viceroy to govern the country

question

Europeans began to explore and expand in the 1500s because they wanted to

answer

Gain riches, find adventure, and spread religion

question

Vasco da Gama's discovery of a route to India by sea proves to be

answer

Very profitable, since da Gama returned with a valuable cargo of spices

question

What advantage did better weaponry give Spanish conquistadors over the Aztec and Inca empires?

answer

It allowed relatively fewer men to control large populations

question

Why did Portuguese and Spanish explorers sail in different directions to find a route to Asia?

answer

Underestimated size of Atlantic Ocean and thought Asia was large enough that it wrapped around the earth and could be reach from both sides

question

A labor system that the Spanish administrators in Peru used to draft native people to work.

answer

Mita

question

A set of principles that dominated economic thought in the seventeenth century; it held that the prosperity of a nation depended on a large supply of gold and silver.

answer

Mercantilism

question

A settlement of people living in a new territory, linked with the parent country by trade and direct government control.

answer

Colony

question

leaders in the Spanish conquest of the Americas.

answer

Conquistadors

question

The resulting exchange of plants and animals between Europe and the Americas.

answer

Columbian Exchange

question

A system of labor the Spanish used in the Americas; Spanish landowners had the right, as granted by Queen Isabella, to use Native Americans as laborers.

answer

Encomienda

question

a small, fast, maneuverable ship that had a large cargo hold and usually three masts with lateen sails.

answer

Caravel

question

A person born on the Iberian Peninsula; typically, a Spanish or Portuguese official who resided temporarily in Latin America for political and economic gain and then returned to Europe.

answer

Peninsulares

question

The forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas.

answer

middle passage

question

Henry the Navigator, a 15th century Portuguese prince, helped usher in both the Age of Discovery and the Atlantic slave trade.

answer

Prince henry the Navigator

question

A person of mixed African and European descent

answer

Mulatto

question

A person of mixed European and Native American descent

answer

Mestizo

question

a person of European descent born in Latin America and living there permanently.

answer

Creole

question

a large agricultural estate

answer

Plantation

World History Ch. 17 – Flashcards

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