western civilization 1 – Flashcards
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all of the followinf were conqured by Alexander except
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Arabia
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An especially important cultural center with the largest library in the ancient times was
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Alexandria
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At the battle of Marathon, the Greeks
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won a decisive victory by aggressive attack against a stonger for
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At the Battle of Thermopylae, the
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Spartans fought a noble holding action to the last man
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By the sixth century B.C., to balance the power of kings and the council of Elders, Spartan political reformers created the
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ephors
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During the Age of Pericles
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Athenians beacme deeply attached to their democratic system
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during the migrations of the Greek Dark Age, many lonians
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crossed the Aegean Sea to settle in Asia Minor
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Early Greek philosophy attempted to
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explain the universe on the basis of unifying priciples
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in classical Athens, male homosexuality
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was practiced and tolerated in part as a means by which mature men instructed young males about the masculine world of politics
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in establishing his empire, Alexander the Great
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...
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in Sparta
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life resembled that of a military camp
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one of the chief causes of the Peloponnesian War was
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Sparta's fear of the power of Athens and its maritime empire
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socrates was condemned to death for
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corrupting the youth of Athens
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Stoicisms
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maintained that people could gain inner peace by seeking virtue and living according to nature
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the Athenian stateman who established the ten tribes and who weakened the aristocracy and increased the ordinary citizens was
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Cleisthenes
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the chief center of Minoan Crete was
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knossus
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the Greek Parthenon
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is considered the greatest example of classical Greek temple architecture
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the Hellenistic dynasty that lasted the longest was the
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Ptolemaic
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the Hellenistic era describes an age the saw
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the extension and imitation og Greek culture throughout the ancient Near East
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the hoplite phalanx was
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a new Greek military organization of heavily armed infantry
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the Jews in the Hellenistic era
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were disperced throughout the eastern Mediterranean region
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the mystery cults and religions of the Hellenistic world
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helped pave the way for the success of Christianity
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the Peloponnesian war resulted in
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the defeat of Athens and the collapes of its empire
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the period immediately following the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization is referred to as the
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Greek Dark Age
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the philosophical school that stressed happiness through freeing oneself from a political life was
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Epicureanism
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the ''polis'' was the greek name for
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city-state
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the Republic depicted
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Plato'sideaof the ideal government and society
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the Sophists
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were perfessional teachers who seemingly questioned the traditional values of their societies
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the strategoi
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was a board of ten generals
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the wide spred popularity of Stoicism and Epicureanism in the Hellenistic world
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suggested a new openness to thoughts of universality
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Tyranny in the Greek polis arose as
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a reaction to arisocratic power and a widening gulf between the rich and the poor
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upon the death of Alexander
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his Macedonian generals became involved in successive power struggles
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what was the greatest difference between education during the Hellenistic period and the education during the classical period
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rather than being a private enterprise, Hellenistic education became a duty of cities and their governments
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what were the chief characteristics of the Greek Dark Age
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it was a period of migrations and declining food production
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which of the following phrases best describes the social situation of Greek women
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women were kept under strict control, cut off from formal education and were always assigned a male gaurdian
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which of the following was not true of Greek religion
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myths served no particular social function
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which of the following best describes the delian league
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an alliance of city-states led by Athens after the Persian war
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in general,seperate early greek communities...
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became fierce rivals fighting so often as to threaten greek cicilization itself
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Homers Iliad points out the
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honor and courage of greek aristocratic heroes in battle
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which of the following is true of greece from the eighth century B.C.?
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the Polis evolved into the central instution in greek life
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which of the following was not a characteristic of the typical greek?
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each Polis had a population between 90,000 and 100,000 citizens
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the deveolpment of the polis had a negative impact on greek society by
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dividing greece into fiercely competitive states
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the greek polis put primary emphasis on
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cooperation between its citizens for the common welfare
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the hoplite phalanx relied for its success on
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disapline and teamwork
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which greek philosopher said, with regard to the polis, ''we must rather regard every citizen as belonging to the state''?
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Aristotle
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the rise of tyrants in the poleis in the seventh and sixth centuries
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often encouraged the economic and cultural progress of the cities.
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the spartans made the army the center of their society because
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they feared an uprising by their helots
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the lycurgan reforms resulted in
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the estaablishment of a permanent military state in sparta
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unlike the women of most other greek cities, spartan women were...
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stay phisically fit to bear health children
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spartan holots
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a & b
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for the greeks the term arete described the
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the striving for excellence
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which of the folowing descriptions of Athenian leaders is incorrect?
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pisistratus, remodeled the entire Athemian constitutioin while utterly neglecting his merchant supporters
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Cleisthenes' constitution established the Athenian government as
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democracy
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the immediate couse of the persian war was
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a revolt of the Ionian greek colonies in asia minor
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the battle of the marathon was a victory for
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Athenian hoplites
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the Delian League was organized in 478-477 B.C. to
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keep sparta isolated in the peloponnesus
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the Greek historian Thucydides differed from Herodotus in that the
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was unconcerned with spiritual forces as a factor in history
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the Greek dramatist who was a realist and known for his portrayal realistic characters in real life situations was
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Euripides
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Plato, in the republic, imagines a perfect society ruled by
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philosoper-kings
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Alexander the Greats conquests in Asia occrred despite
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his eventual difficulties in convincing his troops to fight so far from home
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in establishing his empire, Alexander the great
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a, b, and c
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the Greek general who took Egypt after Alexanders death and converted it into the first Hellenistic kingdom was
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Ptolemy
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the famous Indian ruler who sent Buddhist missonaries to greek rullers
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Asoka
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the Antigonid kingdom was based in
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chandragupta
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the Hellenistic states in the centuries after Alexander the great
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became despotic monarchies
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which of the following statements best describes Hellenistic cities?
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small and governed by a military elite
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which class of women achieved the most noteable gains during the hellenistic period?
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upper class
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who wrote the treatise, ''on chastity''?
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phintys
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which of the following was not a major sorce of slaves in the Helleinstic world?
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citizens who could not pay their debts were sold into slavery
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the greek god of healing, thought responsible for miraculous cures in the Hellenistic period, was
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Asclepius
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the scientific foundations of medicine made by Alexandrian physicians...
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were made possible through the use of dissection and vivisection
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which of the following statements is untrue concerning Hellenistic culture?
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Artists remained social outcasts, and were rarely patronized by the rich.
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the best example of Hellenistic 'new comedy' was the Athenian playwright
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Menander
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the surviving works of the Greek historian Polybius demonstrate...
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his following of Thucydides in seeking rational motives for historical events
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Hellenistic sculpture
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was more emotional and realistic than clasical Greek sculpture
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who was credited with having been the first to seperate medicine from philosopy?
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herophilus
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the Alexandrian scholar Euclid's most famous achievement was
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systematizing the study of geometry
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the most famous scientist of his era, Archimedes of Syracuse, was responsible for all of the folloing except
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uniting the disaplines of science and philosophy
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who maintained that the only things that exsit are atoms moving through the void?
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Epicurus
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what was the primary difference between the philosophy of the greek classical period and philosophy during the hellenistic period?
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Hellenistic pholosophy dealt with moer human happiness disassociated from the life of the polis
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how did greek religion change during the Hellenistic period/
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the greeks became very receptive to the eastern religous mystery cults
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in the Hellenistic era, medicine...
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progressed due to the use of dissection and vivisection
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which of the following led a revolt against seleucid monarchy in judea in the 160's b.C.E.?
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Judas Maccabaeus
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which of the following statements is correct about the Hellenistic civilization?
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signs of decline were apperent by the late third century B.C.E.
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