Waves, Sound, & Light BUA Study Guide – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
mechanical wave
answer
a disturbance in matter that carries energy from one place to another
question
transverse wave
answer
causes the medium to vibrate perpendicular to the direction of the wave
question
longitudinal wave
answer
causes the particles to vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave
question
surface wave (combination wave)
answer
travel anolg surface that separates two mediums and combine motion of transverse & longitudinal (circular)
question
what a mechanical wave needs to travel through
answer
a medium (gas, solid, liquid)
question
amplitude
answer
maximum displacement of medium from resting point
question
wavelength
answer
distance for 1 full wave
question
frequency
answer
number of complete waves per a given time
question
period for a wave
answer
time required for one complete wave
question
wavelength can be measured like this for a transverse wave
answer
crest to crest, trough to trough, and rest to rest (with crest and trough in middle)
question
how wavelength is measured for a longitudinal wave
answer
the distance for a compression and rarefraction
question
the part of a transverse wave that shows how much energy the wave has
answer
amplitude
question
speed of a wave
answer
speed (m/s)= frequency (Hz) * wavelength (m)
question
frequency
answer
Hz
question
wavelength
answer
m
question
speed
answer
m/s
question
As wave length increases...
answer
frequency decreases
question
reflection
answer
the interaction that occurs when a wave bounces off a surface that it cannot pass through
question
refraction
answer
the bending of a wave as it enters a new medium at an angle
question
diffraction
answer
the bending of a wave as it moves around an obstacle or passes through a narrow opening
question
constructive interference
answer
the interaction among two or more waves in which displacements combine to produce a larger displacement
question
destructive interference
answer
the interaction among two or more waves in which displacements combine to produce a wave with a smaller displacement
question
more dense=
answer
faster sound wave
question
intensity of a sound
answer
the rate at which wave's energy flows through area
question
factors that affect the intensity of a sound
answer
amplitude and distance from source
question
decibels
answer
units used to measure the intensity of a sound
question
loudness
answer
physical response to intensity
question
what loudness is due to
answer
sound intensity, health of your ears, & brain interpretation of sound
question
pitch
answer
the frequency of a sound as you percieve it
question
the higher pitch...
answer
the higher frequency
question
the higher pitch
answer
the shorter wavelength
question
longer tubing for wind instruments=
answer
lower pitch
question
tighter string for string instruments=
answer
higher pitch
question
how an echo is produced
answer
when the sound wave bounces off a surface that it cannot pass through (reflection)
question
vocal cords of a person with a high squeaky voice
answer
shorter & thinner vocal cords vibrate faster
question
vocal cords of a person with a low deep voice
answer
thick or longer vocal cords vibrate slower
question
ultrasound
answer
frequency higher than humans can hear
question
how sumbarines use sonar to find the range to a target
answer
calculating speed of sound in water & the time for wave to reach target & echo to return
question
as sound approaches=
answer
higher frequency, higher pitch, shorter wavelength
question
auricle
answer
collects sound waves
question
ear canal
answer
a tunnel that moves sounds toward eardrum
question
ear drum
answer
turns sound waves into vibrations
question
hammer, anvil, & stirrup
answer
3 bones that carry vibrations to cochlea
question
cochlea
answer
turn vibrations into nerve signals
question
auditory nerve
answer
carry nerve signals to brain
question
semi-cirrcular canals
answer
help with balance
question
what resonance is used for in music
answer
to increase amplitude and make sound louder
question
electromagnetic wave
answer
a transverse wave consisting of changing electric fields and changing magnetic fields
question
how an electromagnetic wave is different from a mechanical wave
answer
an electromagnetic wave can travel through a vacuum or space and does not need a medium to travel
question
in an electromagnetic wave, higher frequency=
answer
higher energy
question
photon
answer
packets of electromagnetic energy
question
as you move farther away from a source, intensity...
answer
decreases because the photons spread farther apart= dimmer light
question
electromagnetic spectrum
answer
radio and TV waves...microwave radar...infared...visible...UV...x-ray...gamma
question
wave with the highest frequency
answer
gamma ray
question
wave with the longest wavelength
answer
radio waves
question
as wavelength gets shorter...
answer
the wave frequency gets higher
question
visible wavelengths from lowest to highest frequency
answer
red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet
question
transparent
answer
allows light to pass through it (window)
question
translucent
answer
scatters light (frosted glass)
question
opaque
answer
no light can pass through (wall)
question
reflection
answer
light waves bouncing off a surface
question
absorption
answer
light waves are neither reflected or transmitted, retained in the material
question
transmission
answer
light waves passing through a material (light through colored glass)
question
refraction
answer
light waves bending as it enters a new medium (straw in water)
question
scattering
answer
light waves are redirected as it passes through medium
question
emission
answer
light waves given off by a source (light bulb, sun)
question
dispersion
answer
separating white light into colors
