USMLE Step 1 Mnemonics-Neurology – Flashcards
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Mesoderm
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Microglia like Macrophages originate from the Mesodern
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Peripheral Nerve
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Perineurium is the Permeability barrier
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Hypothalamus
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wears TAN HATS Thirst, Adenohypophysis control, Neurohypophysis release, Hunger, Autonomics, Temperature, Sexual urges Lateral nucleus problem, you shrink "laterally" Ventromedial lesion you grow "ventrally and medially" Anterior nucleus (pArasymp)-A/C (cool off) Posterior nucleus-Poikilotherm (cold blooded) Cuprachiasmatic--sleep to be charismatic Adenohypophysis-Anterior pituitary
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Thalamus
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VPM--Makeup goes on the face (vpM)--face sensation LGN-Lateral-Light (vision) MGN-Medial-Music (hearing)
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Limbic System
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Famous 5 F's Feeding, Fleeing, Fighting, Feeling, (and Sex)
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Deep Nuclei of Cerebellum
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Don't Eat Greasy Foods (Lat->med): Dentate, Emboliform, Globose, Fastigial
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Basal Ganglia
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D1Receptor-DIRect Indirect-Inhibitory
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Parkinson's Disease
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your body becomes a TRAP Tremor, Rigidity, Akinesia, Postural instability
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Huntington's Disease
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CAG repeats: Caudate loses Ach and Gaba
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Brain Lesions
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Cerebellar hemispheres are laterally located and affect lateral limbs Cerebellar vermis is centrally locate and affects central body
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Aphasia
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Broca's Brokan Boca Wernicke's is Wordy but makes no sense-What?
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PICA Stroke
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dysphagia and hoarseness: don't PICKA (PICA) horse that can't eat
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AICA Stroke
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Paralysis of face: facial droop means AICA is pooped
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Ventricular System
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foramina of Luschka-Lateral foramina of Magendie-Medial
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Normal pressure hydrocephalus
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Wet, wobbly, wacky-urinary incont, ataxia, cognitive dysfunction
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LP
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the keep the cord alive, tap between L3 and L5
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Spinal Tracts
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Legs are Lateral in Lateral corticospinal and spinothalamic tracts
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Motor Neuron Signs
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Lower motor neuron-everything is lower (muscle mass, tone, reflexes, downgoing Babinski negative) Upper motor neuron-everything is up (tone, DTR, toes)
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Friedreich's Ataxia
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Friedreich is Fratastic (frataxin)--favorite frat brother always stumbling, staggering, and falling
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Horner's Syndrome
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PAM is horny: Ptosis, Anhidrosis, Miosis
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Landmark Dermatomes
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T4 at the teat pore T10 at the belly butTEN L1 is IL (inguinal ligament) down on ALL 4's (L4) S2, 3, 4 keep the penis off the floor
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CN's that lie in medial brain stem
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3 (x2)=6 6 (x2)=12 3, 6, 12 Motor/Medial
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Cranial nerve nuclei
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Lateral nuclei=sensory (aLar plate) Medial nuclei=Motor (basal plate)
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Vagal Nuclei
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nucleus Solitarius=visceral Sensory nucleus aMbiguus=Motor innervation
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CN V exits
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Standing Room Only (SRO) Superior orbital fissure, foramen Rotundum, foramen Ovale
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Mastication Muscles
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M's Munch=Masseter, teMporalis, Medial pterygoid Latera (pterygoid) Lowers
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Extraocular Muscles
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LR6-SO4-R3
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Testing EOM's
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IOU-Inferior Oblique have patient look U Obliques move the eye in the Opposite direction
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Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia
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MLF in MS
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Multiple Sclerosis
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Charcots classic triad of MS is a SIN: Scanning speech Intention tremor/Incontinece/Internuclear opthalmoplegia Nystamgus
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Tuberous sclerosis
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HAMARTOMAS: Hamartomas in CNS and skin Adenoma sebaceum Mitral regurg Ash-leaf spots cardiac Rhabdomyoma (Tuberous sclerosis) autosomal dOminant Mental retardation renal Angiomyolipoma Seizures
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Tramadol
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"tram it all" in with tramadol (works on multiple NT"s)
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Ethosuximide
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EFGH-Ethosuximide, Fatigue, GI, Headache
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Benzodiazepines
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Frenzodiazepines increase Frequency of Cl channel opening
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Barbiturates
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barbiDURATes increase DURATion of Cl channel opening
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IV Anesthetics
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BB King on OPIOIDS PROPROses FOOLishly Barbiturates Benzos Ketamine (arylcyclohexylamines) Opiods Propofol
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Local anesthetics
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Amides have 2 I's in name: lIdocaIne, mepIvacaIne, bupIvacaIne
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Parkinson's Drugs
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BALSA Bromocriptine Amantadine L-dopa Selegiline COMT inhibitors) Antimuscarinics PARK your mercedes BENZ: Parkinsons can use Benztropine (Antimuscarinic)
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Sumatriptan
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a SUMo wrestler TRIPs ANd falls on your head used for headaches
