US History. Unit 2 Reveiw – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
A company that is owned by a group of people called "shareholders" is a:
answer
Corporation
question
Which famous Supreme Court case from the 1870s involved New Orleans?
answer
The Slaughterhouse Cases
question
The group of people who own a corporation is called
answer
Shareholders
question
What happened with laissez-faire economic policies?
answer
The government controlled business.
question
What was one outcome of laissez-faire economic policies?
answer
Businesses paid workers very little.
question
How did the government actively help railroad companies?
answer
By giving them huge pieces of land.
question
What problem did the Supreme Court deal with in their decisions in the Slaughterhouse Cases?
answer
Businesses have rights but not responsibilities.
question
Immigrants from which country came to the Unites States to build the railroads?
answer
China
question
What did some businesses do to make sure the government did not get involved with their industries?
answer
They secretly gave money to members of Congress
question
What happens when a trust is formed?
answer
A company or a group of people are able to control many other companies together.
question
What do you call an agreement made between different companies to charge the same amount for products?
answer
Price- fixing
question
What is true about how the robber barons did business?
answer
They became rich by building monopolies
question
What happened to John D. Rockefeller's wealth?
answer
He gave much of his money away to charities for the poor.
question
What does a Monopoly do?
answer
Controls an industry
question
What did John D. Rockerfeller believe?
answer
He should give his money away
question
Which industry did Andrew Carnegie dominate?
answer
The steel industry
question
Which of these men held a monopoly in the Oil industry?
answer
John D. Rockefeller
question
What causes workers to strike?
answer
Poor working conditions
question
What did the railway strike of 1877 do for workers?
answer
Showed workers that organized labor was powerful
question
What was a reason for the early success of the Knights of Labor?
answer
They allowed both skilled and unskilled workers
question
How did the industrial revolution change working conditions for people?
answer
Machines started to replace workers
question
What was not a reason that children of immigrant families had to get jobs?
answer
There were no schools available for them to go
question
What was the largest group that made the least money?
answer
Unskilled workers.
question
Why did managers have so much power over their unskilled workers?
answer
They were easy to replace
question
Why did many children work?
answer
families needed the additional income to make ends meet
question
What was not an early goal of the Knights of Labor?
answer
To push for temperance
question
What was considered a "pull" factor to get people to immigrate to the United States?
answer
More personal freedom the United States
question
What was an example of an ethnic enclave in New York City
answer
Chinatown
question
What groups pooled money together to provide help to new immigrants?
answer
Benevolent associations
question
How did the invention of the railroads help poorer immigrants from Eastern Europe get to the United States?
answer
Railroads made it easier to get to seaports in western Europe
question
What was an example of assimilation?
answer
Learning how to speak English
question
The "third" wave of immigrants came mostly from where?
answer
Eastern and Southern Europe
question
The increased assimilation of immigrants would have been opposed by which group?
answer
Nativists
question
What was a consequence of traveling in steerage?
answer
Many people got sick and died
question
What was a reason many people emigrated from their homes?
answer
There was poverty at home
question
Most housing within various ethnic enclaves could be considered what?
answer
Tenements
question
What did immigrants to New York see when they came to America?
answer
The Statue of Liberty
question
What group wanted to stop immigration?
answer
Nativists
question
What group of immigrants was cut off by the gentlemen's Agreement by the late 1800s?
answer
The Japanese
question
The Nativists believed that all immigration from ___________ had to be stopped.
answer
Asia
question
How did nativists try to use fake science?
answer
To say that nonwhites were supposedly weaker than whites
question
What group of laborers did most of the work on the transcontinental railroad?
answer
The Chinese
question
What form of media did nativists use to turn public opinion against newer immigrants?
answer
Political cartoons
question
What was one reason immigration from Mexico increased?
answer
Laws restricted immigrants from Asia
question
What was the result of Chinese Exclusion Act of the late 1800s?
answer
It prevented almost all Chinese immigration for ten years
question
Why did nativists dislike the new immigrants?
answer
They supposedly took jobs from white Americans
question
Why did the railroads initially divide the United States into four standard time zones?
answer
To make their schedules more standard
question
Which of these was made possible by railroads?
answer
Faster mail delivery, mass transportation, changes to industry
question
How did the streetcar affect life in the big city?
answer
Middle class people now could afford to live just outside the city limits
question
How did railroads change ideas about travel?
answer
Trains made it easier to travel long distances
question
What did RFD do for the first time?
answer
Delivered mail to homes
question
What new kinds of neighborhoods were created by local railroads?
answer
Suburbs
question
Why did people move to the suburbs?
answer
To get away from noise and pollution
question
What did traveling on streetcars mean for many young people?
answer
They could get to know each other without supervision
question
Prior to the invention of railroads, where did most city people live?
answer
Near where they worked
question
How did railroads affect the lives of many young people?
answer
They had new opportunities
question
Who perfected the incandescent lightbulb?
answer
Thomas Edison
question
How did new inventions, such as washing machines, benefit women?
answer
Less work and more free time
question
What was NOT an important invention of the 20th century?
answer
The steamboat
question
How did stores begin to change as technology advanced?
answer
They appealed more to urban women
question
Why did the typewriter change who worked in offices?
answer
It created jobs for women
question
Who invented the first airplane?
answer
The Wright brothers
question
How were people who lived far away from the big cities able to stay up with current fashions and trends?
answer
Mail-order catalogs
question
Mail-order catalogs
answer
Officially grants someone the right to use an invention
question
How was the electric washing machine a benefit to women and families?
answer
It made doing laundry much less time consuming
question
What was NOT one of the new types of leisure activities developed around the year 1900
answer
Surfing the internet
question
What became a popular form of entertainment at the turn of the 20th century?
answer
Watching sports
question
What was the "penny-farthing"?
answer
A bicycle with a huge wheel in front
question
How did opportunities change for women in the workplace?
answer
They had more opportunities in white-collar worker
question
Which invention was necessary to begin the modern music industry?
answer
The phonograph
question
Why did movies gain popularity when stage plays were available?
answer
Going to the movies didn't require dress clothes, Movies cost less money, movies could reach more people
question
Why did white-collar workers have more time off than blue-collar workers?
answer
They could stop working when the boss went home
question
Why was there so much corruption during President Grant's presidency?
answer
He chose dishonest people for his cabinet
question
What president was unable to achieve his political goals because of corruption?
answer
President Grant
question
In which example of corruption under President Grant did a number of people take millions of dollars raised from a liquor tax?
answer
Whiskey Ring
question
Who was William "Boss" Tweed?
answer
The leader of the political machine known as Tammany Hall
question
What is an example of government corruption?
answer
Election fraud, kickbacks, and spoils systems
question
What is cronyism?
answer
When an elected official gives good jobs to his friends
question
When people vote more than once, what illegal activity are they engaged in?
answer
Election Fraud
question
In which example of corruption under President Grant did the Union Pacific Railroad use government money to make money from its own stock?
answer
Credit Mobiler
question
Which of these is an example of governmental corruption
answer
Bribes, Nepotism, and patronage
question
Why were political machines effective?
answer
They helped poor people, who in turn voted for them
question
What was a common belief about people who lived in the slums?
answer
They didn't want to work or live in better conditions
question
At this time, charitable organizations wanted poor immigrants:
answer
Not to drink alcohol, to work hard, and to fix their personal problems
question
What would not have been the job of a working class woman?
answer
Typist
question
What kinds of jobs did working-class women hold?
answer
Seamstresses
question
Why were the tenement apartments crowded?
answer
Many people had to share space with other families
question
Which term referred to low-paid workers and their families?
answer
Working Class
question
The rules to move into model tenement were very strict. Which would NOT have been one of those rules?
answer
Have served in the American Military
question
Why is it hard to do laundry in tenements?
answer
There was no water in many tenements
question
What is a slum?
answer
An area of a city that was poor, dangerous, and crowded
question
What were large apartment buildings that were often loud, dirty, and crowded called?
answer
Tenements
question
According to How the Other Half Lives, what was the problem with only having the stairs and the hallway door for fresh air in buildings in the slums?
answer
The air was stale and hot
