US History Chp. 13
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Between ? and ? twenty five million europeans immigrated to the US
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1865-1914
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immigrants from eastern europe
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new immigrants
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immigrants from the western europe
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old immigrants
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most immigrants passed through
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ellis island
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small island in new york harbor
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ellis island
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immigrants had to be ? when going through ellis island
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processed
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where did immigrants live?
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neighborhoods seperated into ethnic groups
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what caused 1000s of chinese to emigrate to the US
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taipang rebellion
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the hostility toward immigrants by native-born people
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nativism
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what targeted irish catholics
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american protective association
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in ? congress passed the chinese exclusion act
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1882
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barred chinese immigration for 10 years
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chinese exclusion act
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ordered all asian kids to go to radically segregated schools
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oriental school
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limit on japenese immigration if segregation was lifted
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gentlemen's agreement
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became the most significant social movement of the period
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urbanization
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movement of the population to the cities
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urbanization
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to move around the cities ? developed
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mass transit
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railroad cars pulled by horses
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mass transit
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the working class lived in crowded ?
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tenements
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multifamily apartments
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tenements
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what 2 things ran the cities
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political machine, party boss
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called the cities finances and most business and service activities within the city
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political machine, party boss
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gilded age was a term coined by
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mark twain
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gilded age was considered a ? by mark twain
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warning
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covered in gold on the outside but made of cheaper material inside
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gilded age
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the belief that no matter how humble their origins where they could rise in society
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individualism
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one of the strongest beliefs of the era
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individualism
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wrote \"rags-to-riches\" novels
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horatio alger
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strongly reinforced the idea of individualism
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social darwinism
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the application of darwins theory of evolution and natural selection to human society
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social darwinism
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coined the phrase of survival of the fittest
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herbert spencer
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applied the evolutionary theory to social institutions
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survival of the fittest
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believed human society also evolved through competition and natural selection
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survival of the fittest
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wrote gospel of wrath
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andrew carnegie
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believed wealthy americans should engage in philanthropy
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andrew carnegie
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using their wealth to help people
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philanthropy
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others believed people and the government should become more involved
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rebirth of reform
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believed humans were different than animals
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lester frankward
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lester frank wards ideas became known as
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reform darwinism
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edward bellamy promoted
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socialism
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criticized the industrial society
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naturalism
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challenged the idea of social darwinism
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naturalism
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who wrote red badge of courage
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stephen crane
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who wrote call of the wild
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jack lond0n
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worked to better conditions in the city according to the biblical ideals of charity land justice
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social gospel
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who became the leading voice in the social gospel movement
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Walter rauschenbusch
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offshoot of the social gospel
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settlement house movement
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institutions located in poor neighborhoods
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settlement house movement
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offered medical care and english classes for immigrants
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settlement house movement
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hull house was founded by
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hane addams
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helped poor immigrants in chicago
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hull house
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the process of acquiring american traits and characteristics
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americanization
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artists and writer typing to portray the world realistically
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realism
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who was a realist painter
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thomas eakins
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known as mark twain
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samuel clemens
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mark twain wrote
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adventure of huckleberry finn
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what outnumbered groceries
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saloons
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those who supported patronage
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stalwarts
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giving jobs to those who help you
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patronage
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dissatisfied with grant reconstruction, wanted reform
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half breeds
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what half breed became president
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james garfield
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what stalwart became vice president
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chester arthur
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the assassination of garfield led to ?
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civil service reform
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what established the civil service reform
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pendleton act
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eliminated the spoils system
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civil service commission
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in the election of 1884 what democrat won?
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grover Cleveland
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with the help from the ? democrat grover cleveland won the election of 1884
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mugwumps
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unhappy republicans
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mugwumps
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mugwumps is an algonquin word meaning
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great chief
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grover cleveland signed the
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interstate commerce act
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first regulatory agency
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interstate commerce commision
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regulated the railroad industry
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interstate commerce act
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in the election of 1888 who regained power
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republicans
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who is elected in the election of 1888
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benjamin harrison
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what is passed by president benjamin harrison
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sherman antitrust act
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attempted to break up the trusts and monopolies
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sherman antitrust act
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a movement to increase farmers political power and work for legislation that benefited the farmer
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populism
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the farmers thought adjusting the ? would solve their problems
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money supply
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after the civil war the united states had 3 types of currency in circulation
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greenbacks, gold and silver coins,national bank notes
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a note with the promise by the governments to pay off a loan with interest
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national bank notes backed by government bonds
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to get inflation under control what did government decide to do?
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stop printing greenbacks & began paying off its bonds and to stop making silver into coins
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government stopped printing greenbacks, began to pay off its bonds, and stopped making silver into coins led to
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deflations
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an increase in the value of monet and decrease in prices that hurt the farmers
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deflation
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also known as the patrons of husbandry
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the grange
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established to help the farmer
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the grange
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the grange was founded by
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oliver kelley
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pressured the states to regulate railroad and warehouse rated
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the grange
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the grange created
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cooperatives
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farmers working together to increase prices and lower costs
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cooperatives
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what replaced the grange
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farmers alliance
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attempted to organize very large cooperatives
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farmers alliance
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established by farmers who did not trust the republican and democrats
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peoples party
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called for the return to unlimited coinage of silver, federal ownerships of railroads, & graduated income tax
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peoples party
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a tax based on the net income of an individual
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graduated income tax
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what was the election of 1896 called
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goldbugs vs. silverbugs
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who ran for the goldbugs in the election of 1896
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william mckinley
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gold standard, pro tariff, big business, republican
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goldbugs
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william mckinley ran a ? campaign
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front porch
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who ran for the silver bugs in the election of 1896
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william jennings bryan
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william jennings bryan was called
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the great commoner
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why was william jennings bryan called the great commoner
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sympathetic for the common man
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who won the election of 1896?
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goldbugs
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what was the outcome of the election of 1896
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the populist party is destroyed
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turning point in american political party
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populist party is destroyed
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after the election of 1896 what happened?
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emphasis shifted from the farm to the city
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where did the african americans move to?
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west to kansas
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when the african americans moved west to kansas, this became known as
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exodus
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the migrants that moved west were called
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exodusters
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many african americans joined the
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farmer alliance
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african americans formed their own alliance called the
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colored farmers national alliance
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democratic leaders were fearful that if poor whites joined african americans the ? might be unbeatable
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populist party
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what made it difficult for african americans to vote
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racism
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voters were required to pay a ? & instituted a ?
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poll tax, literacy test
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had to be able to read and understand the constitution
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literacy test
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enabled more whites to vote & allowed any white to vote if he had an ancestor who could vote in 1867
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grandfather clause
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separation of a race, class, or group
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segregation
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laws that enforced discrimination and segregation
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jim crow laws
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supreme court overturns the ?
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civil rights act of 1867
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could not keep people out of public places based on race
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civil rights act of 1867
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court ruled that the civil rights act of 1867 did not apply to ?
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private organizations
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supreme court case that upheld segregation
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plessy vs. ferguson
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upheld \"SEPARATE BUT EQUAL\" facilities for african americans
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plessy vs. ferguson
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as long as equal facilities where provided a state could separate the races
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plessy vs. ferguson
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crusaded against lynching
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ida b wells
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to execute by hanging with out lawful approval
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lynching
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along with W.E.B DuBois help found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
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mary church terrell
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one of the most famous african americans of the late 19th century
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booker t washington
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advocated african americans focus of achieving economic goals
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booker t washington
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booker t washington help find the
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tuskegee institute
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teach african americans a trade
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tuskegee institute
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founder of the NAACP
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WEB dubois
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leader of the new generation of african americans
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WEB dubois
