US HISTORY CHAPTER 6 – Flashcards
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Axis powers
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Germany Italy and Japan
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Ultimate
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Goal was to fight and win a two front war
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Why did the allies decide to concentrate first on the war in Europe?
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Europe was a greater threat
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What advantage that the allies have and confronting Germany Italy and Japan?
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The Allies had a coordinated strategy for victory
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Why did the allies propose a Europe first strategy?
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Germany post the most serious , Long-term threat to all Allied countries
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How did the Allies began to turn the tide of the war in their favor?
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By attacking German U-boats
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Momentum
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Drive
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Chester Nimitz
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Commander of the United States Navy in the Pacific, knew Japanese plans
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Battle of Midway
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The turning point of the war in the Pacific, ending the seemingly unstoppable Japanese advance
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What impact that the battle of Midway have on Japanese expansion in the Pacific
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It stopped Japanese expansion
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How did the battle of Stalingrad change the course of the war?
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The Germans were forced to retreat from the Soviet union
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What advantage to help admiral Chester Nimitz defeat the Japanese at Midway Island
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Nimitzhad knowledge of the secret Japanese battle plans
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How did the battle of Midway change the war in the Pacific?
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American forces began attacking Japanese bases
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What occurred following the battle of Stalingrad
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Hitler's plans of dominating Europe were ended
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Which of the following was a result of the battle of Midway
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Japan never again threatened Pacific domination
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Dwight Eisenhower
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Known as Ike, commanded the Allied invasion of North Africa.
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George S. Patton, Jr.
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Innovative tank commander was put in command by Dwight in North Africa
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Unconditional Surrender
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Giving up completely without any concessions
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Why was Sicily an obvious target for the allied invasion of italy
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Little risk of u-boat attacks
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Saturation bombing
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Massive amounts of bombs the British dropped on German cities
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Strategic bombing
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Goal to destroy Germans capacity to make a war
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Tuskegee Airmen
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American fighter squadron who played a key role in the campaign of strategic bombing, exporting bombers and protecting them from enemy fighter pilots.
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What were the goals of British and American bombing runs over Germany?
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To inflict maximum damage.
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Why did General Dwight Eisenhower put George S. P in command of American forces in North Africa?
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The Americans needed a tank commander to fight against the German tank forces.
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What did president franklin loose belt mean in 1943 when he announced that the Allies would accept only an unconditional surrender?
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The Allies would offer the axis no concessions to end the war.
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How were the goals of saturation bombing and strategic bombing different?
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Saturation bombing inflicted maximum damage. Strategic bombing focused on key targets.
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What was notable about the Tuskegee Airmen, an African American fighter unit that escorted bombers on their attacks?
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The Tuskegee Airmen did not lose a single bomber to enemy fire in any mission
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Which nation did the allies think posed the most serious long term threat?
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Germany
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What role did the Tuskegee Airmen serve in the saturation bombing and strategic bombing of Germany?
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Fighter Escorts
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What major threat did Germany pose to the Allies?
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Germany was able to fight a two-front war in western and Eastern Europe.
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What terms did the allies off the axis by declaring that they would accept unconditional surrender
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X would negotiate their own terms X could hold on
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How did Admiral Chester Nimitz learn of the Japanese plans at the battle of midway?
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From intercepted messages
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What resource did Adolf Hitler want to capture by attacking the southern Soviet Union?
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Oil fields
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What was the goal of the Americans' campaign agonist the Japanese in the pacific?
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To capture bases from which to bomb the Japanese home islands
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How did Dwight Eisenhower decision to put George S Patton in command of American forces affect the fighting in North Africa?
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Patton Helped force the surrender of German forces in North America
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What American strength did Yamamoto hope to weaken in stacking midway?
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Air craft carriers
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The Germans began to retreat from the Soviet Union after fierce fighting at which city?
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Stalingrad
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22222
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22222
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A. Phillip Randolph
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Charismatic and Savvy labor leader that African Americans would no longer accept second class citizenship.
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Executive Order 8802
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Measure that assured fair hiring practices in any job funded with government money and established the fair employment practices committee
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How did the way create new opportunities for African Americans?
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They were able to campaign against discrimination
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Bracero Program
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Bring laborers from Mexico to work on American farms.
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Internment
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Temporary imprisonment of members of a specific group (Heart Mountain, Tule Lake, Minidoka, Topaz, Manzanar, Poston, Gila River, Jerome, Rohwer, Granada)55
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Initiated
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Decades of migratory labor in the west
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What jobs did women find during World War II that were a break from traditional women's roles?
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Jobs in heavy indistry
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What did A Phillip Randolph hope to accomplish by pressuring president Franklin D Roosevelt to sign executive order 8802?
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Randolph wanted fair hiring for all us government jobs
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How did the bracero program benefit Americans and Mexicans?
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Mexican workers provided labor on American farms
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Rosie the rivoter
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Symbol of changing roles for women in industry
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Congress of racial equality
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Organization that sought to apply nonviolent protest to fight segregation
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442nd regimental combat team
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All-Nisei fought in the italian campaign and became the most decorated military unit in american history
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Why were Japanese Americans interned during World War II?
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Some Americans feared they would be disloyal.
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How did the US government policy of internment affect thousands of Japanese Americans on the west coast of the United States
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Japanese Americans were temporarily imprisoned in isolated locations.
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What did the Supreme Court decide in the case Korematsu v. United States?
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The decision upheld the legality of the wartime internment policy
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What distinction did the all-Nisei 442nd regiment combat team earn during the war?
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The 442nd was the most decorated unit in American history
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Japanese Americans
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They faced harsher treatment because of racism lack of political clout and other relative isolation from other Americans
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German and Italian aliens
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They were subject to arrest or deportation help in camps and faced curfews and travel restrictions
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Executive order 9066
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This designate a certain areas as were zoned for much anyone could be removed for any reason
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Koremastu verse United States
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This uphill governments internment policies when Japanese-Americans went to the Supreme Court to seek their rights
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Office of war information
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Worked closely with media to encourage support of the war effort
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How did the office of Price administration help manage the wartime economy
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The office of Price administration set wages and controled inflation
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Why did the US government Institute rationing as an economic policy
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To make certain there were enough raw materials for war production
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What was the role of the office of war information
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To build public support and keep up morale for the war effort
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Who created the office of price administration
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Franklins Roosevelt
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The office of price administration had the authority to control wages and set maximum prices. What was another form of economic control?
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Rationing certain goods
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Which group did the office of war information work closely with to encourage support of the war
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Media
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How did A. Phillip Randolph plan to pressure Roosevelt to issue exactly five order 8802, which mandates fair hiring for government funded jobs.
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By holding a protest march
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How did the government try to manage he skyrocketing national debt?
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X by suspending income taxes
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How did the government help support the many mothers who went to work and support of the war effort
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By building day care centers
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What industry supported the efforts of the office of war information
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Media
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The government internment policy relocated thousands of Japanese-Americans to camps located where
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X Hawaii
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In the summer of 1943, what or time issue lead to racial violence in cities across America
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Population migration
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Yalta Conference
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The big three agreed that Poland Bulgaria and Romania would hold free elections.
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But gold that I was set for Eastern Europe a deal to conference
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Elections in Eastern Europe
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Predominant
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Power of the 19th century came out of the war suffering severe economic shortages and within decades and see the loss of most of its colonies
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Superpowers
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The United States and the Soviet Union played the most decisive rolls in the defeating of the axis powers and they emerged from the war confident and strong
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At the Yalta conference what position did Joseph Stalin take toward post war elections in Eastern Europe
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Stalin agreed to support free elections but made no firm promises
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What made the United States and the Soviet Union emerge from the war as superpowers
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The United States had the atomic bomb. The Soviet Union had the world's most powerful army
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General agreement on tariffs and trade
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In 1948 treaty designed to expand world trade by reducing tariffs
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United Nations
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An organization that mini hope with succeed where the league of Nations had failed
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Universal declaration of human rights
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About a 1948 document that states the. Declaration condemns slavery and torture upholds freedom of speech and religion and affirms that everyone has the right to standard of living adequate for the health and will being of himself and his family
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In Korematsu v. United States, The Supreme Court upheld which policy toward Japanese-Americans?
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Removal to internment camps
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Which group was offered war time farming jobs through the bracero program
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Mexicans
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What kind of soldiers compromise the highly decorated 442nd regimental combat team
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Japanese-Americans
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Eleanor Rooseveltq
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The widow of Franklin D Roosevelt's who guided the drafting of the document the Universal declaration of human rightsq
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Geneva Convention
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And international agreement governing the humane treatment of wounded soldiers and prisoners of war
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Nuremberg trials
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Allies prosecuted Nazis for war crimes trials turned on wearing spotlight on the evils of the third reich
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What was the purpose of the General agreement on tariffs and trade
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To expand world trade by reducing tariffs
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What principal guided the organization of the United Nations
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Cooperation among the great powers rather than equality among all nations
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Why might some people consider the declaration of human rights idealistic
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The goals of the declaration are honorable but difficult to enforce
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Who can be tried for violating the Geneva Convention
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Citizens of any country who mistreat wounded or captured soldiers
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What defense that former Nazi's offer at the new member trials for their actions during war
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They claim that they were just following orders
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Isolationism
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Or retreat from their global responsibilities
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How did World War I foster support for civil rights
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The ally spot to pull the ideals of justice and freedom
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How did the word changed American attitudes toward international issues
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Most Americans supported Americas new global leadership role
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What was the most important force behind America's economic prosperity after the war
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The federal government
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What did many Americans believe about the United States after World War I
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The Americas national security involved world security
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What did many African-Americans do in the years closely following World War I
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Renewed their efforts to work for civil rights
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Which of the following was an economic change that occurred following World War II
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Wealth was re-distributed across United States
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After the Yalta conference, which leader went back on the Allied agreement to hold free elections in Eastern Europe
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Joseph Stalin
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What was the gold United Nations Universal declaration of human rights
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To promote the well-being of all people
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After World War II which nation emerged the strongest of the new superpowers
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The United States
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Why is the Security Council the most powerful arm of the United Nations
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It includes all of the great powers
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How did the work that the fight for civil rights
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The movement gained new support
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At the post damn conference which nation did the allies agreed to split into four zones of occupation
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Germany
