US History Chapter 26 – Flashcards
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Cold War
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the state of hostility between the Soviet Union and the U.S. without military action
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Truman Doctrine
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U.S. policy of sending aid to any nation trying to prevent a communist takeover
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Marshall Plan
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program where the U.S. gave economic aid to rebuild postwar Western Europe
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West Berlin
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zones occupied by Britain, France, and the U.S. that were blockaded by the Soviets
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Berlin Airlift
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U.S. and British planes brought food and supplies to West Berlin
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
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defense military alliance of the U.S., Canada and 10 European nations
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Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi)
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leader of the Nationalist forces in China
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Mao Zedong
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leader of the Communist in China
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Taiwan (Formosa)
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island off the coast of China where Chiang and his forces fled
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38th parallel
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imaginary line that divides Korea at 38 degrees north latitude
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Korean War
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war that began when North Korea invaded South Korea
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House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC)
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set up by Congress to look for Communist
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Hollywood Ten
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people called before the HUAC who refused to testify
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McCarren Act
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passed by Congress to outlaw any planning that might led the U.S. to be a totalitarian dictatorship
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Alger Hiss
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State Department official accused by a former Soviet spy of spying for the Soviet Union
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Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
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Americans convicted and sentenced to death for giving the soviets information about the American bomb
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Joseph McCarthy
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Republican Senator who claimed Communists were taking over the government
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McCarthyism
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the tactic of accusing people of disloyalty without evidence
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H-bomb
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hydrogen bomb first exploded by the U.S. in 1952
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John Foster Dulles
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President Eisenhower's secretary of state that supported brinkmanship
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brinkmanship
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the willingness to go to the edge of war
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Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
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intelligence- gathering or spy agency of the U.S. government
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Warsaw Pact
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military alliance with the Soviet Union and its satellite nations
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Eisenhower Doctrine
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U.S. policy that stated it would defend the Middle East against attack by any Communist country
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Nikita Khrushchev
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Soviet leader after Stalin who believed that communism could expand through peaceful means
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Sputnik I
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the Soviet's 1st artificial satellite to orbit the earth
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Francis Gary Powers
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American pilot shot down in his U-2 spy plane, captured and convicted of spying
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U-2 incident
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incident involving Francis Gary Powers that hurt Eisenhower's ability to deal with the Soviets
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